低空空域飞行冲突避让算法

为了预防航空器在低空空域飞行中发生相撞，根据空中交通管理规则的飞行间隔规定，采用速度矢量三角分析法，分析了避免冲突的基本条件，确定了航空器B与航空器A的速度矢量关系，提出了调整速度和改变航向两种解决方法，推导出速度和航向改变量的计算公式。通过系统演算和DRS-98型雷达管制模拟机的验证表明，在任何情况下都能够使用改航法避让飞行冲突，航空器之间的距离和航向差越大，航向的改变量就越小；当航空器之间的距离大于6倍的飞行间隔时，应当使用调速法避让飞行冲突，这样航空器可以继续保持原定的飞行航线。     

京沪高速铁路桥梁施工废弃泥浆处理试验研究

以京沪高速铁路1标段的桥梁施工废弃泥浆为研究对象,进行了聚丙烯酰胺絮凝沉淀试验。结果表明,采用直接固体加药进行絮凝沉淀是可行的;阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺混凝沉淀效果最好;加药量过大絮团松散,不利于压缩沉淀底泥的体积,添加合适的药量对于提高沉淀效果具有重要的意义;试验确定了聚丙烯酰胺的品种、不同密度泥浆的有效加药量和沉淀时间。     

Short/medium-term prediction for the aviation emissions in the en route airspace considering the fluctuation in air traffic demand

This paper proposes a novel short/medium-term prediction method for aviation emissions distribution in en route airspace. An en route traffic demand model characterizing both the dynamics and the fluctuation of the actual traffic demand is developed, based on which the variation and the uncertainty of the short/medium-term traffic growth are predicted. Building on the demand forecast the Boeing Fuel Flow Method 2 is applied to estimate the fuel consumption and the resulting aviation emissions in the en route airspace. Based on the traffic demand prediction and the en route emissions estimation, an aviation emissions prediction model is built, which can be used to forecast the generation of en route emissions with uncertainty limits. The developed method is applied to a real data set from Hefei Area Control Center for the en route emission prediction in the next 5 years, with time granularities of both months and years. To validate the uncertainty limits associated with the emission prediction, this paper also presents the prediction results based on future traffic demand derived from the regression model widely adopted by FAA and Eurocontrol. The analysis of the case study shows that the proposed method can characterize well the dynamics and the fluctuation of the en route emissions, thereby providing satisfactory prediction results with appropriate uncertainty limits. The prediction results show a gradual growth at an average annual rate of 7.74%, and the monthly prediction results reveal distinct fluctuation patterns in the growth.     

A Comparative Study of Three Multivariate Short-Term Freeway Traffic Flow Forecasting Methods With Missing Data

Short-term traffic flow forecasting is a critical function in advanced traffic management systems (ATMS) and advanced traveler information systems (ATIS). Accurate forecasting results are useful to indicate future traffic conditions and assist traffic managers in seeking solutions to congestion problems on urban freeways and surface streets. There is new research interest in short-term traffic flow forecasting due to recent developments in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technologies. Previous research involves technologies in multiple areas, and a significant number of forecasting methods exist in the literature. However, most studies used univariate forecasting methods, and they have limited forecasting abilities when part of the data is missing or erroneous. While the historical average (HA) method is often applied to deal with this issue, the forecasting accuracy cannot be guaranteed. This article makes use of the spatial relationship of traffic flow at nearby locations and builds up two multivariate forecasting approaches: the vector autoregression (VAR) and the general regression neural network (GRNN) based forecasting models. Traffic data collected from U.S. Highway 290 in Houston, TX, were used to test the model performance. Comparison of performances of the three models (HA, VAR, and GRNN) in different missing ratios and forecasting time intervals indicates that the accuracy of the VAR model is more sensitive to the missing ratio, while on average the GRNN model gives more robust and accurate forecasting with missing data, particularly when the missing data ratio is high.     

基于SVD的柴油机振动信号盲分离预处理

在利用独立分量分析对缸盖振动信号进行盲分离时,原始采样信号不满足独立分量分析的基本假设,而且缸盖振动信号信噪比较低,影响分离的速度和精度.采用小波阈值降噪的方法进行了降噪处理,提高了信噪比.采用奇异值分解的方法估计了缸盖振动的独立源数,并对缸盖振动信号进行了白化处理,为独立分量分析的应用建立了基础.     

聚氨酯弹性体水声吸声材料的合成工艺设计

为了达到水下声隐身的目的,必须对水声吸声材料进行研究。聚氨酯弹性体材料因其独特的分子结构和可设计性得到广泛应用。考虑用其作为水声吸声材料,但该材料的合成工艺影响因素很多,进行合理的工艺设计可以大大减少试验量。本文从聚氨酯弹性体的微相分离和微观阻尼吸声机理出发,研究设计了聚氨酯弹性体水声吸声材料的合成工艺,并根据该工艺参数制作了聚氨酯弹体声学测试试样,在脉冲声管中测试了试样的吸声系数,测试结果表明所设计的工艺参数是合理的。     

推移质间相互作用力研究

沉降性浆体中固体颗粒处于滑跳移运动状态时,固体颗粒将受到摩擦力的影响。推移质的整体摩擦力等于推移质间剪切力和推移质与管壁间摩擦力的和。任意推移质的剪切力与固体颗粒的体积分数成比例,由力的平衡方程可以推导出其比例系数。     

上海外环线环东二大道立交工程板梁吊装施工

通过上海外环线环东二大道立交工程复杂工况条件下的板梁吊装施工,总结出吊装成功的关键是:周 密的测量、合理的吊装设备选型、以及合理可行的吊装施工方案。     

沧州市旧城区排水管道改造简介

结合沧州市的实际情况 ,对旧城区原有排水管道进行部分改造 ,实施了雨污分流及雨水截流的方式 ,雨水就近存入坑塘 ,得到充分利用 ,同时污水处理量大量减少 ,费用降低。     

船舶前置导管流态的数值计算与分析

利用Fluent 6.0软件计算和分析了船舶螺旋桨前置导管的平面流流态.比较了安装前置导管前后船体艉部流态,发现安装后流态发生了改变,旋涡大幅减少,流速显著增加,伴流不均匀性减小.用数值方法再显了现有模型试验分析的结果.