城市轨道交通单程票票卡结构规划及实现

为安全高效地使用单程票,以Utralight票卡介质为研究对象,在分析票卡特性以及单程票业务需求的基础上,对票卡结构进行功能区划分,规划单程票各功能区的字段内容并合理分配票卡存储空间,讨论票卡交易安全的加密算法。结合票卡结构的字段设计以及单程票业务功能,对单程票在流通过程中的各项操作流程进行详细的设计。     

高速铁路路基帮填沉降变形控制及监测技术应用探讨

高速铁路路基帮填将引起既有线附加沉降变形,为研究帮填路基有效可行的沉降变形控制技术及运营高速铁路安全监控技术,结合某新建客运专线引入既有高铁站,与运营高速铁路并站设置引起既有线路基帮填的工程实例,探讨帮填路基地基采用管桩桩筏结构加固及采用泡沫轻质土代替常规土质填料作为控制路基沉降变形措施的适用性,通过数值计算评估既有线附加沉降量为1.75~3.42 mm,验证设计方案是可行的;探讨自动化监测技术应用于运营高速铁路沉降变形监测,并建立预警及多方联动机制以确保运营安全是必要的、可行的。目前实测路基沉降量为1.73~2.44 mm,实测值略低于评估值且沉降较为均匀。     

基于物联网的运营地铁隧道结构健康监测系统软件平台开发

建立基于三维全景监测技术的运营地铁隧道结构健康监测系统,对武汉地铁3号线跨江段进行了监测;建立数据采集与传输子系统,实现地铁隧道健康监测数据的转换、汇集和传输;编写Java与Matlab语言交互与调用程序,开发相对应的监测功能软件模块,实现全自动全站仪、倾角传感器的远端三维可视化自动监测,以及三维激光扫描监测断面数据的解析、计算、拟合和分析功能。使用MVC(模型视图控制)以及Struts框架等相关Web框架搭建技术,对软件平台进行了框架搭建,并将开发的监测模块、评估模块集成至框架中,研发形成一套完整的运营地铁隧道结构健康监测系统软件,为实现运营地铁结构健康监测系统的智能化分析与决策提供有效的基础数据与知识支持。     

京沪高速铁路中小跨度桥梁结构选型初探

结合秦沈客运专线和其它国家或地区高速铁路桥型的选择 ,对京沪高速铁路中小跨度桥梁的刚度、造价等方面进行分析 ,结论是箱形截面梁性能优于T梁 ,在地基条件好的区段连续梁优于简支梁。     

新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备叶片的优化与仿真

为深入了解新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备的性能,对其叶片结构的流场特性和设备在流场中的动力收集特性进行仿真研究.建立不同结构叶片和不同数量叶片的二维模型,通过仿真计算,得到不同结构叶片的流场状态,以及叶片数分别为3、4和6时设备的合力和转矩大小.研究结果表明:在矩形叶片上开长方形孔能明显改善叶片后方的涡流,提高叶片的性能;当入口速度不变时,设备所受合力和转矩会随叶片数量的增加而增大;当叶片数量不变时,设备所受合力和转矩会随入口速度的增加而增大.研究结果可为新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备的结构设计与优化提供参考.     

UHPC薄板屈曲试验及临界板厚比研究

UHPC材料是一种新型纤维增强水泥基复合材料,利用材料强度高的特点设计建造桥梁通常为薄壁箱形结构,薄壁箱梁存在剪力滞效应、扭转畸变、翘曲失稳等问题。为研究UHPC箱梁顶板翘曲失稳,指导UHPC薄壁箱梁结构避免局部失稳破坏先于材料强度破坏,进行不同边界条件均布加载的19个UHPC薄板屈曲荷载试验研究。结果表明:UHPC板的屈曲主要有局部受压破坏、单方向裂缝破坏和双向裂缝破坏3种;屈曲荷载计算应引入材料和制作修正系数0.7;UHPC板最大幅值位于h/2高度,并只产生一个半波。最后对屈曲荷载试验值进行有限元计算分析对比,并通过欧拉公式推导UHPC箱梁顶板的临界板厚比限值。     

Numerical simulation on truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating into stiffened plate北大核心CSCD

[Objectives]In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the anti-penetration performance and energy absorption mode of a stiffened plate, as well as the influence of different stiffened bars on the flight attitude of the projectile body.[Methods] Finite element software LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of a truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating a stiffened plate, and the results of the numerical simulation are compared with an experiment to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The momentum method and mass equivalence method are used to predict the residual velocity of the projectile, and the applicability of different theoretical methods within different velocity ranges is compared. The deformation energy of different regions of the stiffened plate is then extracted to analyze the influence of the initial velocity of the projectile body on the energy absorption mode of the target plate. Finally, the structure of the stiffeners is changed and the influence of the relative position of the stiffeners on the penetration attitude of the projectile body is analyzed.[Results]The results show that the mass equivalence method is more accurate than the momentum method in predicting the residual velocity of the stiffened plate when the initial velocity of the projectile body is in the range of 300–900 m/s. The ratio of the deformation energy of the stiffened plate to the energy loss of the projectile body decreases with the increase of the initial velocity of the projectile body. The effect of a T-stiffened plate on trajectory is greater than that of a rectangular-stiffened plate.[Conclusions]The related calculation method and research results have certain reference value for research and engineering application surrounding the anti-penetration of stiffened plates. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

施工场景下基于YOLOv3的安全帽佩戴状态检测

针对现有安全帽检测研究中采用的两阶段检测法存在检测效率偏低,累积误差对精度影响较大的问题,提出一种对安全帽的单阶段检测法。将安全帽和工人头部视为一个整体,将检测目标分为2类,即佩戴安全帽的头部和未佩戴安全帽的头部,同时对2类目标进行检测,避免了冗余的计算步骤及累积误差的影响。同时,针对施工场景安全帽佩戴状态检测特点,对YOLOv3的网络结构、损失函数及先验框尺寸进行改进,提出YOLOv3-C模型。研究结果表明:改进后的YOLOv3-C模型的检测性能大幅提升,在本文建立的样本集中模型的mAP达到93.84%,对安全帽检测平均精度达到97.01%,对工人头部检测平均精度达到90.67%,同时YOLOv3-C对本文的检测场景表现出良好的鲁棒性。     

膨胀性地层铁路隧道衬砌结构及防排水措施优化建议

结合膨胀性地层铁路隧道病害概况以及单、双线铁路隧道断面、防排水设计现状,提出相应的衬砌结构及防排水措施优化建议。衬砌结构的优化建议如下:对单线隧道而言,适当增大其边墙曲率、仰拱矢跨比,提高边墙、仰拱的强度和刚度;对双线隧道而言,适当增大其仰拱矢跨比,提高仰拱的强度和刚度;隧道仰拱处二次衬砌应采用钢筋混凝土,同时在隧道仰拱填充中增设格栅钢架或在隧道仰拱填充顶部增设钢筋。防排水措施的优化建议如下:将设置在仰拱填充内的中心水沟下移至仰拱下方,在仰拱下方设中心水沟或改设为排水渗沟,可将隧道衬砌背后积水均引入仰拱下方的中心水沟排出洞外;而改设的中心渗沟主要用于排出仰拱下方积水。     

A multiscale material-structure-hydroelasticity coupled analytical model for floating sandwich structures with hierarchical cores

A novel material-structure-hydroelasticity coupling analytical model is proposed for marine structures, which is utilized for the calculation and optimization of a very large floating sandwich structure (VLFSS) with a hierarchical ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) core in this study. For the coupling material and structure analysis, three-dimensional representative volume element and self-consistent methods are developed to reveal the physical relations between the UHPC core's macroscale mechanical properties (e.g., modulus and density) and mesoscale hierarchical characteristics (e.g., aggregate and porosity) and to obtain the corresponding parameterized formulas. For the coupling material-structure-hydroelasticity analysis, a sixth-order dynamical equation for the potential flow model of the VLFSS, in which the hierarchical core's parameters are introduced through the material-structure coupling formulas, is developed. The hydroelasticity equations containing multiscale parameters are solved, and the mechanical responses are calculated. Using this coupled multiscale method, the shear force in the representative VLFSS is optimized for a smaller amplitude, which relies on the interactivity of the hierarchical structural parameters and wave conditions. These results demonstrate the potential of the multiscale coupling methodology to achieve the physically significant optimization of a floating composite structure in ocean engineering.