搅拌摩擦焊工艺探索与研究

对铝合金薄板的对接、角接及圆筒纵缝进行了搅拌摩擦焊工艺实验。实验结果表明：搅拌焊头的结构形状、旋转速度及焊接速度是决定搅拌摩擦焊焊缝成型及接头组织、性能的重要因素。     

重载机车扁销钩缓装置的受压稳定性

建立钩尾圆弧摩擦面与从板圆弧摩擦面的曲面—曲面接触摩擦数学模型,并结合改进的具有非线性迟滞特性的缓冲器数学模型和扁销止挡数学模型,采用SIMPACK软件建立重载机车扁销钩缓装置的动力学分析模型并验证其准确性,研究钩尾与从板间的摩擦系数及它们相互接触的圆弧摩擦面半径对钩缓装置受压稳定性的影响。结果表明:摩擦系数对钩缓装置的受压稳定性影响较大,随着摩擦系数的增大,钩尾的摩擦约束作用逐渐增强,钩缓装置的受压稳定性也随之增强,车钩转角呈阶梯形减小,建议摩擦系数的合理控制范围为0.25~0.45;钩尾的圆弧摩擦面半径越大、从板圆的圆弧摩擦面半径越小,则钩缓装置的受压稳定性越好。     

Freight cars shunting impacts analysis using an improved dynamic model of friction draft gear

In this study, simulations of shunting impacts for groups of freight cars that include up to six cars are considered. The simulation technique employs a white-box improved dynamic model of friction draft gear considering all its components and detailed finite element models of the freight cars. The key differences between the one-to-one shunting impact and the impact of long groups of cars in terms of features of the draft gear deflections and the coupler force time history are discussed. We present an example of dynamic finite element analysis for the car body using the coupler force time history obtained from the shunting impact simulation.     

对嵌岩设计深度的探讨

许多设计单位对嵌岩桩的设计偏于安全,使得设计嵌岩值过深,大大增加了桩基施工的难度和工程造价.对嵌岩桩的理论特性及其设计作了一些探讨.     

条形沟槽深度对船舶水润滑尾轴承材料摩擦性能的影响

为了研究条形沟槽深度对船舶水润滑尾轴承摩擦磨损性能的影响,在轴承试件表面分别添加0.5 mm、1.0 mm和1.5 mm 3种不同深度的条形沟槽,并加入1组不添加表面纹理的试件作为对比。使用CBZ-1船舶轴系摩擦磨损试验机对材料进行测试,并结合表面形貌及磨损量比较分析其摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,条形沟槽可有效提高材料的摩擦磨损性能且沟槽深度对材料性能有着较大影响:转速较低时,较深的沟槽深度更能提升材料的摩擦磨损性能;转速较高时,较浅沟槽深度的材料具有更加优良的性能。     

大跨度连续梁桥摩擦摆支座布置及参数研究

以1座(71+83+123.5+240+123.5+83+71)m大跨度连续梁桥作为研究对象,研究摩擦摆支座的布置方式以及支座的力学参数取值对结构的地震响应的影响。分析结果表明:采用摩擦摆隔震支座体系的大跨度连续梁,在E2地震作用下,能大幅降低原固定墩的受力,使得各墩内力分布更加均匀,同时降低墩顶的位移;综合考虑可以仅在主跨的主墩上布置摩擦摆支座;摩擦摆支座摩擦系数的变化对结构地震反应影响很大,摩擦系数的增大虽然使支座耗能能力增加,但是过大的摩擦力不能有效地阻断墩梁间惯性力的传递,不能充分发挥隔震支座的耗能作用,建议摩擦系数采用0.02~0.03;摩擦摆支座半径的变化对结构地震反应影响很小,建议根据支座竖向承载力采用相应的曲率半径。     

汽车摩擦制动噪声研究进展与发展趋势

总结汽车摩擦制动噪声的产生机理、噪声特点和影响因素,回顾并分析抑制和防治制动噪声的理论与工程研究进展,提出开发新型高阻尼摩擦制动材料来降低或抑制制动噪声的思路和措施。     

小凌河大桥外拱塔竖转过程中问题分析

以小凌河大桥外拱塔转体施工为实例,介绍了以永久结构(内拱塔)作为提升支架转体施工过程中出现的小拱塔受摩擦力作用而出现"摇摆"现象,并对该现象分析,对该施工方法提出建议。     

铝合金气缸与活塞环摩擦副的应用研究

小型汽油机缸套——活塞环摩擦副是发动机中非常重要的一对摩擦副,功能是防止燃气泄漏及过量润滑油进入燃烧室,任何一方过量磨损都影响发动机的性能和排放。在负荷和转速不高的汽油机上使用表面未经过强化的铝合金气缸,合理选取活塞环的材料和相关结构参数,既可满足使用要求,又能降低生产成本。     

Development of optimum friction new nano hybrid composite liner for biodiesel fuel engine

This work presents the preparation of aluminum (Al) 6061 nano hybrid composite samples reinforced with equal weight percentage of nano-ZrO₂, micro-SiC, micro-Gr particles of 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25%, and 3% using stir casting method. Friction characteristics of the composite samples under reciprocating conditions were studied at 125 °C using L₂₇ orthogonal array and Taguchi method. The results of analysis of variance showed the influencing parameter for friction coefficient in the order of applied load and reciprocating sliding speed, followed by sliding distance and percent reinforcement. Hence, the total combined reinforcement sample of 6.75% was found to be optimum in terms of frictional characteristics and tensile strength. It was selected to synthesize lightweight nano hybrid composite cylinder liner (NL) and to replace the present cast iron cylinder liner (CL) used in biodiesel engine application. The developed NL had a 43.75% reduced weight than the currently used CL. Neat diesel and biodiesel from Jatropha oil and its diesel blends were used as test fuels. Experimental results proved that NL improved brake thermal efficiency, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate and reduced carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and smoke emission in comparison with the existing liner. The results also showed that emission of the oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) increased marginally with the new liner. Thus, the newly developed NL was found suitable for both diesel- and biodiesel-operated internal combustion engines.