GPS-RTK技术在铁路测量中的应用

介绍RTK技术应用于铁路定测的基本方法和步骤,通过应用实例证实了该技术的可行性和优越性。实践证明这种作业方法能够省掉不必要的中间环节,最大限度地减少外业工作量,从而缩短整个勘测工期。     

SNS柔性防护技术在边坡危岩防护中的应用

SNS柔性防护系统具有施工快捷、方便、环保、美观等独特的优势,应用于庐江至铜陵高速公路边坡危岩防护中．替代传统的加固防护措施,解决了在山区复杂环境地质条件下传统防护措施施工困难、进展缓慢等难题。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的GPS信号跟踪技术

提出一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的GPS信号跟踪方法,通过扩展卡尔曼滤波器,得到基于相干积分支路的滤波模型,有效地削弱常规GPS跟踪环路中的跟踪误差,增强接收机的抗干扰性能,提升其在信号较弱位置下环路的跟踪性能,对加入惯性信息条件下惯性信息对系统所产生的影响做了相应的分析研究。通过仿真对比结果可以知道:当处于弱信号条件时,与通常用到的GPS信号跟踪方式相比,基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的信号跟踪算法可以有效提升跟踪的精度。     

Aggregating mobile object trajectories: cumulative time geographic density estimation for GPS data

We present new approaches that expand upon the time geographic density estimation (TGDE) framework previously employed to estimate potential path trees. In the past, TGDE metrics have identified possible locations an individual moving object may have passed between, given known origin and destination points. This paper utilizes a new form of TGDE to investigate taxicab GPS traces over a specified time horizon with position ‘gaps’. To this end, we propose a new extension to the TGDE framework, TGDE-C, which is used to determine the cumulative TGDE values for a group of GPS traces, at a given location. These metrics are applied to multiple taxis and allow for time of day analysis. Additionally, we combine these new extensions with existing TGDE metrics that allow us to determine how accessible individual or groups of vehicles are to urban opportunities.     

基于GIS的航道辅助设计平台的设计与实现

基于航道地理空间特性和航道设计相关规范及工作流程,选用Arc GIS作为基本框架,经多项关键技术开发构建而成航道辅助设计平台。平台具有自然条件分析、河床演变分析、航道尺度计算及选线布置等设计功能,并配置水深数据识别、地形坐标转换等通用工具,可对航道基础数据和设计成果进行综合管理,初步实现专业间设计协同,基本达成航道设计工作的标准化和提高工作效率的目标。     

Developing an enhanced weight-based topological map-matching algorithm for intelligent transport systems

Map-matching (MM) algorithms integrate positioning data from a Global Positioning System (or a number of other positioning sensors) with a spatial road map with the aim of identifying the road segment on which a user (or a vehicle) is travelling and the location on that segment. Amongst the family of MM algorithms consisting of geometric, topological, probabilistic and advanced, topological MM (tMM) algorithms are relatively simple, easy and quick, enabling them to be implemented in real-time. Therefore, a tMM algorithm is used in many navigation devices manufactured by industry. However, existing tMM algorithms have a number of limitations which affect their performance relative to advanced MM algorithms. This paper demonstrates that it is possible by addressing these issues to significantly improve the performance of a tMM algorithm. This paper describes the development of an enhanced weight-based tMM algorithm in which the weights are determined from real-world field data using an optimisation technique. Two new weights for turn-restriction at junctions and link connectivity are introduced to improve the performance of matching, especially at junctions. A new procedure is developed for the initial map-matching process. Two consistency checks are introduced to minimise mismatches. The enhanced map-matching algorithm was tested using field data from dense urban areas and suburban areas. The algorithm identified 96.8% and 95.93% of the links correctly for positioning data collected in urban areas of central London and Washington, DC, respectively. In case of suburban area, in the west of London, the algorithm succeeded with 96.71% correct link identification with a horizontal accuracy of 9.81 m (2σ). This is superior to most existing topological MM algorithms and has the potential to support the navigation modules of many Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services.     

BIM与GIS融合技术在航道整治工程中的应用

针对航道整治工程中BIM技术无法管理条带状工程、难以表达工程周边地理信息等难点,通过梳理BIM与GIS数据特点,研究探索BIM与GIS融合技术,提出了通过格式转换、坐标转换和数据关联实现BIM与GIS融合的方法。将研究成果应用在蕲春水道航道整治工程,验证了BIM与GIS融合方法的可行性,实现了BIM与GIS数据一体化浏览、显示、管理、分析等功能,解决了BIM无法管理大范围工程、无法反映工程周边环境的不足,为BIM与GIS技术在航道整治工程中的应用提供了技术支撑。     

公路三级自然区划新框架体系的应用研究

从分析以往的公路三级自然区划的研究原理和思路出发,总结、归纳、探讨性地提出公路三级自然区划新的框架体系:原则,标志性体系的建立,方法的选用以及基于新方法GIS技术的应用。新框架体系的应用研究为以后的相关人员进行公路三级自然区划提供参考和依据。     

Enhancing stated preference surveys in transportation research: the contribution of geographic information systems

In this paper we argue that visualization, data management and computational capabilities of geographic information systems (GIS) can assist transportation stated preference research in capturing the contextual complexity of many transportation decision environments by providing respondents with maps and other spatial and non-spatial information in graphical form that enhance respondents' understanding of decision scenarios. We explore the multiple inherent contributions of GIS to transportation stated preference data collection and propose a framework for a GIS-based stated preference survey instrument. We also present the design concepts of two survey prototypes and their GIS implementation for a sample travel mode choice problem.     

公路工程测量探讨

主要就公路测量的特点及过程进行介绍，论述公路测量中所采用的方法，解释公路测量在工程进行各个阶段的具体任务。另外介绍了GPS 技术在公路测量的应用前景。