芜湖长江大桥常规检定评估试验

为判别芜湖长江大桥当前安全运营状况,2014年对芜湖长江大桥进行了第一次常规检定评估试验。试验对结构应力、挠度、支座位移、索力、横竖向振幅和自振频率等进行了测试。实测结果表明:主桁主要杆件应力、跨中挠度、支座位移等测试结果与2000年成桥试验测试结果基本一致,结构受力正常且处于弹性工作阶段。应力和挠度实测动力系数均较小,振动各项指标(横向振幅、横向自振频率、加速度)均满足《桥检规》相关要求。     

基于遗传算法的长江堤防深搅桩加固措施优化及稳定分析

针对长江堤防特点,重点分析了扬州市小河口至潘家河口段堤防安全稳定问题,选取3个典型断面进行稳定计算,并采用遗传算法对深搅桩加固范围进行优化搜索。同时考虑长江堤防区别于一般河道设计的防浪要求,总结提出了适合于长江堤防整治的堤坡草皮和防浪林带绿化设计。研究发现,长江堤防加固采用套打搅拌桩的处理措施可以有效进行截渗,提高提防安全系数约30%,从而使得长江江港堤防防洪标准提高至100 a一遇。     

一种无中板大型地下泵站深基坑支护换撑技术

南淝河中游重点排口初雨污染控制工程建于合肥市南淝河两岸，北起滨河路与和平路交口，南至滨水公园。在滨水公园处(巢湖南路与铜陵路交叉口)建设一座埋深22.5 m的大型雨水泵站，采用灌注桩结合五道钢支撑支护体系开挖施工，该泵站结构无中层板，原拆撑方案采用“闷拆法”施工，即泵站结构全部完成后再拆除，施工过程中侧墙钢筋需穿越钢支撑构件，施工情况复杂，会对结构防水及混凝土浇筑质量产生隐患。经研究讨论及理论计算后，拆撑方案优化为利用现有腰梁及结构中隔墙进行换撑，该方法大大缩短了施工工期，且保证了主体结构施工质量，可给其他类似工程提供一定参考。     

Changes in dissolved silicate loads to the Baltic Sea — The effects of lakes and reservoirs

We tested the hypothesis that dissolved silicate (DSi) yields [kg km^− 2 yr^− 1] of 82 major watersheds of the Baltic Sea can be expressed as a function of the hydraulic load (HL) as a measure of water residence time and the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration, both variables potentially increasing the DSi yield. Most boreal rivers fitted a linear regression model using HL as an independent variable to explain the DSi yield. Rivers with high HL, i.e., shortest residence times, showed highest DSi yields up to 2300 kg km^− 2 yr^− 1. This is most likely caused by an excess supply of DSi, i.e., the geochemical sources prevail over biological sinks in these boreal watersheds. The DSi yield for regulated and unregulated larger rivers of the boreal watersheds constituting about 40% of the total water discharge and of the total DSi load to the Baltic Sea, respectively, can be expressed as: DSi yield = 190 + 49.5 HL[m yr^− 1] + 0.346 TOC [µM] (R² = 0.80). Since both HL and TOC concentrations have decreased after damming, the DSi yields have decreased significantly in the regulated boreal watersheds, for the River Luleälven we estimated more than 30%. The larger eutrophic watersheds draining cultivated landscape of the southern catchment of the Baltic Sea and representing about 50% of the annual water discharge to the Baltic Sea, deviated from this pattern and showed lower DSi yields between 60–580 kg km^− 2 yr^− 1. DSi yields showed saturation curve like relationship to HL and it appears that DSi is retained in the watersheds efficiently through biogenic silica (BSi) production and subsequent sedimentation along the entire river network. The relationship between HL and DSi yields for all larger cultivated watersheds was best fitted by a Freundlich isotherm (DSi = 115.7HL¹⁰⁹; R² = 0.73), because once lake and reservoir area exceeds 10% of the watershed area, minimum DSi yields were reached. To estimate an uperturbed DSi yield for the larger eutrophic southeastern watersheds is still difficult, since no unperturbed watersheds for comparison were available. However, a rough estimate indicate that the DSi flux from the cultivated watersheds to the Baltic Sea is nowadays only half the uperturbed flux. Overall, the riverine DSi loads to the Baltic Sea might have dropped with 30–40% during the last century.     

Sasojuve再生养护剂在大佛寺长江大桥预防性养护中的应用

该文指出城市桥梁养护关系到群众的出行、货物运输和日常交通,是城市的重要节点。接着,介绍了重庆大佛寺长江大桥采用Sasojuve路面再生养护剂对桥面进行涂刷,不仅对桥面已老化沥青混合料起到再生作用,还防止桥面出现早期破坏,从而有效地保障了桥梁的正常使用。     

大跨径钢桥桥面铺装层疲劳特性试验研究

利用有限元方法对某大跨径钢桥面铺装层进行力学分析,以此为依据,现场采样,进行了环氧沥青混合料与钢板的结合件的疲劳试验。结果表明,该大跨径钢桥采用环氧沥青混合料铺装是成功的,其使用寿命可达15 年以上。     

Influence of the Mackenzie River plume on the sinking export of particulate material on the shelf

We examined the influence of the Mackenzie River plume on sinking fluxes of particulate organic and inorganic material on the Mackenzie Shelf, Canadian Arctic. Short-term particle interceptor traps were deployed under the halocline at 3 stations across the shelf during fall 2002 and at 3 stations along the shelf edge during summer 2004. During the two sampling periods, the horizontal patterns in sinking fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a (chl a) paralleled those in chl a biomass within the plume. Highest sinking fluxes of particulate organic material occurred at stations strongly influenced by the river plume (maximum POC sinking fluxes at 25 m of 98 mg C m^− 2 d^− 1 and 197 mg C m^− 2 d^− 1 in 2002 and 2004, respectively). The biogeochemical composition of the sinking material varied seasonally with phytoplankton and fecal pellets contributing considerably to the sinking flux in summer, while amorphous detritus dominated in the fall. Also, the sinking phytoplankton assemblage showed a seasonal succession from a dominance of diatoms in summer to flagellates and dinoflagellates in the fall. The presence of the freshwater diatom Eunotia sp. in the sinking assemblage directly underneath the river plume indicates the contribution of a phytoplankton community carried by the plume to the sinking export of organic material. Yet, increasing chl a and BioSi sinking fluxes with depth indicated an export of phytoplankton from the water column below the river plume during summer and fall. Grazing activity, mostly by copepods, and to a lesser extent by appendicularians, appeared to occur in a well-defined stratum underneath the river plume, particularly during summer. These results show that the Mackenzie River influences the magnitude and composition of the sinking material on the shelf in summer and fall, but does not constitute the only source of material sinking to depth at stations influenced by the river plume.     

长三角一体化趋势下跨城市的轨道交通发展研究

论述了长三角区域一体化进程中城市内部现代公共交通发展,对邻近城市间跨城市轨道交通发展进行探讨。长三角一体化趋势下,应建立多种形式的公共交通网络。城际应建立以高速铁路为骨架,城市轨道交通为重要组成部分的轨道交通网络;城市内部应构建以城市轨道交通为主动脉、其他公共交通为微循环系统的现代公共交通体系;而在邻近城市之间,宜建立跨城市轨道交通,作为公共交通的重要补充。跨城市轨道交通应注重建设和运营阶段的管理以及相应的建设、运营模式,重视建设及运营阶段的安全管理。     

进江海轮在能见度不良时的操纵

本文从能见度不良船舶的行动规则及近距离避让两方面着手,阐述进江海轮在能见度不良时的操纵避让措施并提出相关建议,以使船舶驾引人员能从中得到启发,对进江海轮在能见度不良时的安全航行有一定的参考价值,对驾引人员的实际应用亦有一定的参考意义。     

黄浦江上游堤防管辖区域管线信息平台建设

随着城市基本建设的不断完善和发展,在黄浦江上游堤防管辖范围内不断有各类市政公用管线排入,由于管线信息滞后,造成上游堤防在养护、加固、大修等施工过程中因管线造成设计变更、工期延长、隐患风险加大,项目成本难以控制等现象.基于上海市黄浦江上游堤防管辖区域内的管线普查资料,设计和开发了黄浦江上游堤防管辖区域综合管线信息管理平台,实现堤防管线信息的动态综合管理,为堤防设施及附近市政工程、地下空间的规划、设计、施工提供快速、准确、完整的管线信息,为提高堤防的管理水平提供基础数据支撑.