A comparison of rail liberalisation levels across four European countries

This paper presents the results of a research into railway regulation and liberalisation in Italy, France, Germany and Spain. The analysis covers the relationship between the State and the rail companies, network access conditions by operators, slot allocating and pricing schemes and how public service obligations are defined, financed and regulated.     

2轮／轨几何学（待续）——轨道车辆与线路的共同课题

对车轮和轨道的一般性测量早就做出过定义，但两者的生产制造精度存在很大的差别。只有掌握了车轮和轨道的轮廓型面，并将两者相结合，才可能掌握几何接触状况对铁路运营车辆的运行性能所产生的影响。为了保证运营的安全、经济和舒适，应当在较长周期内对轮／轨系统确定新的条件，因此，需要独立的车辆和线路监测系统。     

浮筒式垂直升船机

根据作者对浮筒式垂直升船机现场考察的情况,结合德国同行朋友迪·蓝克瑙先生的介绍并参考一些相关文献对其作一简单介绍。     

萨尔布吕肯市的双系统低地板城轨车

介绍了德国萨尔布吕肯市采用的双系统低地板城轨车的结构特点和主要技术参数。     

Variation of households<Emphasis Type="Bold">’</Emphasis> car ownership across time: application of a panel data model

For economic and environmental policy formulation and with the effort of creating less car dependent societies, it is important to study the changing characteristics of car ownership in a household through time as well as factors responsible of these variations. There is a vast body of literature on empirical studies of car ownership and use. These studies have investigated the socio-economic background of the decision maker, the built environment and the perception associated with owning a car as determinant factors of car ownership and use. In most cases, these analyses have been carried out using cross-sectional data sets. However, the analysis of factors determining changes in travel behavior of an individual or household requires information on their behavior over time (longitudinal data set). In this study, the German Mobility Panel (1996–2006) is used to examine variation of car ownership through time and across households. The panel data modeling results showed that there are variations of car ownership between households whereas changes in car ownership of a given household over time (within household variations) are insignificant. The influence of other factors such as the households’ socio-economic background, the availability of public transportation and shopping/leisure facilities, perception on parking difficulties and satisfaction with existing public transportation services on the car owning characteristics of households is also presented and discussed in this paper.

德国有轨电车建设运营特征分析及启示

有轨电车在我国正处于稳步发展的阶段,积极借鉴国外的建设运营经验,对有轨电车在我国的可持续发 展具有重要意义,而拥有世界上最大规模有轨电车线网的德国可为我国提供丰富的案例借鉴与参考。从服务范 围、建设运营中执行的规范、线路特征 3 个方面,分析德国有轨电车的技术特点。选取布伦瑞克、汉诺威、慕 尼黑 3 座城市的有轨电车作为研究案例,分析德国小城市、中等规模城市和大城市有轨电车的建设运营特征,不 同规模城市的有轨电车在功能定位、线路敷设方式、旅行速度、平均站间距、客流强度、乘客平均乘距等指标上 存在明显差异。最后,结合案例分析,从功能定位、线路建设标准、运营交路设置、换乘接驳规划、换乘站建设 标准等方面,阐述对我国有轨电车发展的启示。     

德国与我国机车车辆用螺栓技术的对比分析

介绍DIN25201《铁路车辆及其部件的设计准则螺栓连接》对紧固件的风险等级分级、设计、防松和安装等要求,并与我国目前铁路用螺栓紧固件实际应用情况进行对比分析,列举我国机车车辆用螺栓在应用上的一些成绩和存在的差距,推广先进的紧固件应用理念。     

从德国政府支持发展内河航运的措施看我国内河航运发展应注意的几个问题

文章介绍德国政府发展内河航运的一系列措施,结合我国目前水运的发展形势,提出了我国内河航运发展必须抓住历史机遇,因地制宜,加快发展,使我国内河航运走上高速、高效、协调、健康发展的良性循环之路。     

建立广西交通立法评估机制的借鉴与思考

作者在德国参加了交通方法成本效益分析与实施效果后评估项目培训,了解了德国立法成本效益分析与实施效果的现状与运作机制。文章结合广西交通立法评估机制情况,就如何吸取和借鉴德国立法的成功经验和做法,提出了建立广西交通立法评估机制的相关问题。