Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

合安高速公路路面工程机械化施工管理

简述了合安高速公路路面工程机械化施工的机械合理配置、优化组合和有效的管理制度，对路面质量、工程进度和经济效益的直接影响。     

人事管理信息系统的开发与应用

介绍了人事管理信息系统的开发方法、系统功能与特点,实现了对人事管理各项工作及相关信息的全面、统一管理,提高了工作效率与管理水平。     

交通渠化理论及应用研究

交通渠化作为一种从空间分离交通流的手段 ,是一种投资少、工期短、效果好的交通组织方式。从交通渠化的原则出发 ,系统研究各种具体的渠化方法 ,并结合其在广州市中心区的实际应用 ,对交通渠化理论及其应用进行研究和分析 ,并指出交通渠化的发展趋势     

GIS技术在公路建设管理中的应用研究

针对公路建设的发展以及工程项目管理发展的要求,介绍了道路CAD技术、地理信息系统(GIS)技术、数据库技术、网络技术在公路建设项目管理过程中的应用以及如何借助GIS的图形处理功能、信息表现及其空间分析功能对公路建设过程中的各工程实体的工程信息、计划进度、质量监理、费用管理等进行可视化表现和分析,规范和方便建设项目的科学管理,从而为公路建设的管理者和决策者提供直观、可靠、及时和有效的管理手段,便于作出相应的决策。     

遗传算法在公路工程工期成本优化问题中的应用

利用遗传算法对公路工程工期成本优化问题进行探讨,给出利用遗传算法对整个问题的求解设计思路,在公路工程工期成本优化中利用遗传算法优化时染色体设计、优秀个体的充分利用以及遗传操作后不合理结果的处理提出解决方法,为今后遗传算法在公路工程进度优化中的应用提供有益的思路。最后设计求解流程图。     

CM模式在我国城市轨道交通项目管理中的应用

为探索城市轨道交通建设项目管理模式,本文在揭示了目前城市轨道工程特点及存在主要矛盾的基础上,介绍了新型CM建设管理模式的特征和优点;分析了在我国城市轨道交通建设领域采用CM模式的必要性和可行性,提出了推行CM模式的相应方案和步骤。     

通渝隧道围岩变形的神经网络预测

隧道新奥法施工中，常以围岩变形量作为评判围岩稳定性和支护结构经济合理性的重要指标。公路隧道围岩变形量是随时间而变化的数据序列，因而可以建立一些实时跟踪预测模型和方法。根据通渝隧道围岩拱顶下沉位移变形的特性，采用神经网络技术来预测其变形量，结果表明该方法简易、有效。     

Bus Priority Using pre-signals

The need to provide efficient public transport services in urban areas has led to the implementation of bus priority measures in many congested cities. Much interest has recently centred on priority at signal controlled junctions, including the concept of pre-signals, where traffic signals are installed at or near the end of a with-flow bus lane to provide buses with priority access to the downstream junction. Although a number of pre-signals have now been installed in the U.K., particularly in London, there has been very little published research into their design, operation and optimisation. This paper addresses these points through the development of analytical procedures which allow pre-implementation evaluation of specific categories of pre-signals. The paper initially sets out three categories of pre-signal, which have different operating characteristics, different requirements for signalling and different impacts on capacity and delay. Key issues concerning signalling arrangements for these categories are then discussed, together with a summary of the analytical approach adopted and the assumptions required. Equations are developed to allow appropriate signal timings to be calculated for pre-signalised intersections. Further equations are then developed to enable delays to priority and non-priority traffic, with and without pre-signals, to be estimated with delay being taken here as the key performance criterion. The paper concludes with three application examples illustrating how the equations are applied and the impacts of pre-signals in different situations.The analyses confirm the potential benefits of pre-signals, where these signals apply to non-priority traffic only. Where buses are also subject to a pre-signal, it is shown that disbenefits to buses can often occur, unless bus detectors are used to gain priority signalling.     

设计-施工总承包在武汉阳逻长江大桥南锚碇工程中的应用

介绍武汉阳逻长江公路大桥南锚碇工程采用设计-施工总承包模式的经验,对相关的招标和项目管理工作进行总结.针对我国的实际情况,分析该模式在工程建设中的适用范围.