非线性有限元分析与分叉问题数值方法

非线性有限元分析和分叉问题的数值方法研究是当今计算力学领域中受重视的研究方向之一。虽然在单元构造、非线性分析与分叉数值方法方面已有长足进展，但迄今为止，可以用于实际复杂结构分叉问题的方案还存在不少困难。本文对有限元的发展作了简要回顾，并介绍了一种有效的用于分叉计算的数值方法。文末以实际上常见的平面杆系结构为对象，给出一个实际可行的大变形分析包括分叉在内的方案。     

单点系泊船舶非线性动力学特性的试验研究

对潮流作用下单点系泊船舶的静态分岔特性和动态分岔特性进行了试验研究.通过试验确定了船舶的平衡系泊点及其Liapunov运动稳定性.以来流速度和系缆长度为分岔控制参数,研究了船舶系泊运动的静态分岔与Hopf分岔特性.对系统的动力学行为进行了定性分类,据此在参数空间中给出了局部分岔集.它将参数平面划分为四个不同的区域,每个区域中船舶的运动模式均不相同,但同一区域内系统的动力学行为是一致的.研究表明,单点系泊船舶具有复杂的动力学响应,试验中观察到吸引子的共存与跳跃和Hopf分岔现象.局部分岔集的确定为系泊系统设计参数的选择提供了依据.     

A variational formulation for higher order macroscopic traffic flow models of the GSOM family

The GSOM (Generic second order modelling) family of traffic flow models combines the LWR model with dynamics of driver-specific attributes and can be expressed as a system of conservation laws. The object of the paper is to show that a proper Lagrangian formulation of the GSOM model can be recast as a Hamilton–Jacobi equation, the solution of which can be expressed as the value function of an optimal control problem. This value function is interpreted as the position of vehicles, and the optimal trajectories of the optimal control formulation can be identified with the characteristics. Further the paper analyzes the initial and boundary conditions, proposes a generalization of the inf-morphism and the Lax–Hopf formulas to the GSOM model, and considers numerical aspects.     

Numerical prediction of the surf-riding threshold of a ship in stern quartering waves in the light of bifurcation theory

In order to develop design and operational criteria to be used at the International Maritime Organization (IMO), critical conditions for broaching are explored in the light of bifurcation analysis. Since surf-riding, which is a prerequisite to broaching, can be regarded as a heteroclinic bifurcation, one of global bifurcations, of a surge-sway-yaw-roll model in quartering waves, the relevant bifurcation condition is formulated with a rigorous mathematical background. Then an efficient numerical solution procedure suitable for tracing the surf-riding threshold hypersurface is presented with successful examples. This deals with all state and control variables in parallel, and excludes backward time integration and an orthogonal condition in the iteration process. The bifurcation conditions identified were compared with the results from a direct numerical simulation in the time domain. As a result, it was confirmed that the heteroclinic bifurcation provides a boundary between motions periodically overtaken by waves and nonperiodic motions such as surf-riding and broaching.     

Hopf代数、Yang-Baxter方程与量子群

介绍了Ｈｏｐｆ代数的发展情况,Ｙａｎｇ－Ｂａｘｔｅｒ方程的由来和量子群的盛行。Ｈｏｐｆ代数、Ｙａｎｇ－Ｂａｘｔｅｒ和量子群是数学中目前十分活跃的３个领域,这３个领域来源于不同学科,文中着重指出３者之间的深刻联系,其中也包含有自己的一些观点。     

一类多自由度含间隙动力系统的分岔与混沌

建立了一类含间隙多自由度动力系统的力学模型,给出了系统在无碰撞情况下的无量纲微分方程,以及振子与小球,小球与小球之间复杂的碰撞情形及相应的无量纲冲击方程,并得到了系统的通解和Poincaré映射,通过数值仿真方法揭示了系统的周期运动经Neimark-Sacker分岔通向混沌的演化过程.     

Improved scheme of internet congestion control under moving average filter

An important task of Internet congestion control is inhibiting sporadic data flow to maintain a suitable window size or route queue length. Such a requirement is just consistent with the basic idea and function of a moving average filter. In this paper one prior Internet congestion control model, named transmission control protocol (TCP)/random early detection (RED) stroboscopic model, is studied, and then one new scheme is proposed to enlarge its stable domain, where a simple moving average filter is introduced to inhibit sporadic data flow as possible. In the novel scheme the bifurcation phenomenon is postponed without any extra controller. The effectiveness of the new scheme is verified by theoretical analyses and numerical simulations.     

Kopel系统的分岔研究

应用中心流形定理和分岔理论,证明Kopel系统会发生跨临界分岔和叉式分岔.运用数值方法证明了当临界平衡点失稳时,系统中Neimark-Sacker分岔的存在,即从平衡点处会分岔出稳定的极限环.应用Matlab进行了数值模拟,数值模拟的结果与理论分析一致,而且数值分析展示了更为丰富的动力行为.     

空气弹簧悬架系统在强迫振动下的动力学分析

利用非线性动力学的方法研究了空气弹簧悬架的非线性动力学特性。通过空气热力学方程和试验得出空气弹簧的刚度特性,对单自由度1/4车辆模型只考虑车辆的垂向运动,得到其振动方程,并研究在单频正弦激励情况下的主共振,利用平均法得到了一次近似解及幅频关系。利用奇异性理论分析其分岔集,可知系统为叉形分岔的普适开折。结果表明:激励幅值与非线性刚度是影响空气弹簧悬架非线性特性的主要因素,且非线性刚度中只有立方非线性起作用。     

非对称连拱隧道设计技术研究

由于我国城市交通量急剧增加,城市交通需求旺盛,为了减少道路建设对区域规划的破坏及既有建筑的影响,城市隧道工程成为新的发展趋势。以重庆市渝中连接隧道为依托,介绍城市非对称连拱隧道结构设计的控制性因素和技术,为类似工程的设计施工提供借鉴。