现代化汽车制造业中设备的优化管理

汽车企业中的装备是其核心竞争力的一部分,能否保证生产设备在大批量与连续生产过程中处于良好状态是一个必须应对的问题。文章通过对设备优化管理方式的实施,采取建立设备保全体制及持续开展保全活动的方法,使生产设备始终满足使用要求该经验可供行业人士借鉴。     

后扭力梁系统研发及某液压成型结构梁改型优化设计

对扭力梁剪切中心、横梁截面、扭转刚度以及悬架运动特性确定悬架设计的关键点,通过优化方法来达到预先设定的性能,并成功运用于液压成型扭力梁改型,大大降低开发费用及技术难度。     

应用UGNX二次开发实现玻璃钢船体曲面三维建模

在UGNX三维建模软件二次开发的基础上,采用高维数据点丰富船体曲面型值点信息,借助数据库实现型值点数据的快速分类,提供玻璃钢船体自由曲面的三维建模流程,从而实现船体的自动生成。为玻璃钢船艇的母型船变换,以及结构、舾装等设计提供真实的三维环境,大大提高玻璃钢船艇的设计效率和设计精度。     

FPSO Hull项目进度测量系统的建立

对国内造船企业的项目进度测量现状进行了分析,并根据FPSO Hull建造的管理要求和船舶企业的管理特点,详细论述船舶企业建立FPSO Hull建造的进度测量系统原则、思路和方法.提出的思路与方法不仅适用于船舶企业的FPSO Hull的建造的进度测量,亦适用于一般船舶的建造进度测量.     

Coordinated platooning with multiple speeds

In a platoon, vehicles travel one after another with small intervehicle distances; trailing vehicles in a platoon save fuel because they experience less aerodynamic drag. This work presents a coordinated platooning model with multiple speed options that integrates scheduling, routing, speed selection, and platoon formation/dissolution in a mixed-integer linear program that minimizes the total fuel consumed by a set of vehicles while traveling between their respective origins and destinations. The performance of this model is numerically tested on a grid network and the Chicago-area highway network. We find that the fuel-savings factor of a multivehicle system significantly depends on the time each vehicle is allowed to stay in the network; this time affects vehicles’ available speed choices, possible routes, and the amount of time for coordinating platoon formation. For problem instances with a large number of vehicles, we propose and test a heuristic decomposed approach that applies a clustering algorithm to partition the set of vehicles and then routes each group separately. When the set of vehicles is large and the available computational time is small, the decomposed approach finds significantly better solutions than does the full model.     

Development of super element to perform direct analysis on failure assessment of hull structures based on FAD

Failure assessment diagram (FAD) has great potentials to be a powerful tool to assess the integrity of hull structures. However, the current methodology to obtain the fracture ratio and the load ratio, two axes of FAD, for hull structures is tedious and burden which is one of the major obstacles to advance the further application of FAD. In this paper, a super element is introduced to obtain those two ratios simultaneously in the framework of linear elastic analysis within a single step. Besides, the virtual section closure technique is proposed to compute the reference stress under the inspiration of virtual crack closure technique to compute the stress intensity factor. The capacity of the proposed super element has been assessed by two classic examples of a plate with central crack and a cylinder with circumferential crack. The results obtained from the super element are compared to the corresponding analytical solutions. Finally, the cracked Nishihara specimen (NST-3) was examined and the facture ratio and the load ratio obtained by the super element were compared to those obtained by the global analyses. The comparisons indicate that the proposed super element is accurate. No convergence troubles were encountered. Therefore, the methodology developed in this paper could be a very useful addition to perform the direct analysis on the failure of hull structures due to large crack extensions based on the failure assessment diagram.     

Optimizing charging station locations for urban taxi providers

Recently, electric vehicles are gaining importance which helps to reduce dependency on oil, increases energy efficiency of transportation, reduces carbon emissions and noise, and avoids tail pipe emissions. Because of short daily driving distances, high mileage, and intermediate waiting time, fossil-fuelled taxi vehicles are ideal candidates for being replaced by battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Moreover, taxi BEVs would increase visibility of electric mobility and therefore encourage others to purchase an electric vehicle. Prior to replacing conventional taxis with BEVs, a suitable charging infrastructure has to be established. This infrastructure consists of a sufficiently dense network of charging stations taking into account the lower driving ranges of BEVs.In this case study we propose a decision support system for placing charging stations in order to satisfy the charging demand of electric taxi vehicles. Operational taxi data from about 800 vehicles is used to identify and estimate the charging demand for electric taxis based on frequent origins and destinations of trips. Next, a variant of the maximal covering location problem is formulated and solved to satisfy as much charging demand as possible with a limited number of charging stations. Already existing fast charging locations are considered in the optimization problem. In this work, we focus on finding regions in which charging stations should be placed rather than exact locations. The exact location within an area is identified in a post-optimization phase (e.g., by authorities), where environmental conditions are considered, e.g., the capacity of the power network, availability of space, and legal issues.Our approach is implemented in the city of Vienna, Austria, in the course of an applied research project that has been conducted in 2014. Local authorities, power network operators, representatives of taxi driver guilds as well as a radio taxi provider participated in the project and identified exact locations for charging stations based on our decision support system.     

滑柱摆臂式悬架转向梯形断开点位置的优化及分析

本文应用空间机构运动学对滑柱摆臂式悬架进行空间运动计算，在此基础上对转向梯形断开点位置的确定进行详细分析计算，编制了确定断开点位置的通用优化计算程序。与传统的平面作图法和平面解析法相比，本文考虑了更多的因素，计算结果更符合实际情况。     

优化振动压路机工作参数

讨论了振动压路机—土体的动力学模型。以土体吸收最大功率为目标函数 ,优化振动压路机激振频率、振幅等主要工作参数 ,使之产生最佳压实效果     

汽车悬挂参数的多级优化

本文以汽车最佳行驶平顺性为目标，提出了一种多级载荷悬挂参数优化的方法，并通过对多个最优点的拟合，得到相应的变刚度与变阻尼特性曲线以及弹性元件的P─δ（载荷一位移）关系，为汽车悬架设计提供了一种较合理的方法。