广西南梧公路苍梧县林水段通行能力研究

文章对南梧公路苍梧县林水段通行能力和服务水平进行了研究和比较,介绍了通行能力计算公式和参数选取过程,论证了该路段的通行能力可以满足2020年前的交通需求,并提出了提高现有公路通行能力的方法和建议。     

Incorporating human-factors in car-following models: A review of recent developments and research needs

Over the past decades there has been a considerable development in the modeling of car-following (CF) behavior as a result of research undertaken by both traffic engineers and traffic psychologists. While traffic engineers seek to understand the behavior of a traffic stream, traffic psychologists seek to describe the human abilities and errors involved in the driving process. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these two research streams.It is necessary to consider human-factors in CF modeling for a more realistic representation of CF behavior in complex driving situations (for example, in traffic breakdowns, crash-prone situations, and adverse weather conditions) to improve traffic safety and to better understand widely-reported puzzling traffic flow phenomena, such as capacity drop, stop-and-go oscillations, and traffic hysteresis. While there are some excellent reviews of CF models available in the literature, none of these specifically focuses on the human factors in these models.This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the available literature with a specific focus on the latest advances in car-following models from both the engineering and human behavior points of view. In so doing, it analyses the benefits and limitations of various models and highlights future research needs in the area.     

武汉快速步入节水型先进城市的借鉴与对策

在水及节水措施引起国际社会极度关注的今天,针对武汉快速步入节水型城市这一重大课题,指出武汉城市发展必须走节水型道路。分析了武汉城市节约了用水的情况与问题,借鉴美国节约用水的成功经验与做法,最后提出武汉快速步入节水型先进城市的对策与建议。     

电力牵引工频高压电磁场对人体视—运动反应时的影响

通过对我国电力牵引达２２年区段的２７．５ｋＶ工频电场强度为１．７５－３．４６ｋＶ／ｍ，磁感应强度为０．６０－１．７５ｍＴ，人体感应电流为１０．０８－５８．４０μＡ环境下作业的１３５９名工人和无电磁场接触史的３７５名工人的视－运动反应时值进行的测验和分析。结果表明两组无明显差异。引起视－运动反应时值的延长。结果表明两组无明显差异，引起视－运动反应时值的延长，机体协调功能减退的主要原因是年龄因素的增长     

Probabilistic Modeling of Erroneous Human Response to In-Vehicle Route Guidance Systems: A First Look

An integral component of (in-vehicle) navigation systems is the determination of optimal routes to the desired destination. An implicit assumption in the underlying algorithms is that people do not make mistakes when following the prescribed routes. This is, however, not always consistent with reality, especially when driving in unfamiliar environments. This article presents a first look at the possibility of mistakes when driving. This possibility is formalized in a Markov decision process. It is demonstrated that quite paradoxical situations can occur when accounting for mistakes. As the most interesting—but perhaps extreme—example, we have shown that under certain conditions, it is no longer optimal to recommend drivers to take the shortest route. Instead, a longer route (in certain cases even the longest!) becomes optimal. Numerical results are provided throughout the article to reveal the fundamental properties of this problem.     

陕西省高速公路服务区驶入率调查与预测研究

高速公路服务区驶入率是计算确定服务区总体规模的关键技术指标之一,进一步影响到服务区内部设施的配备数量.我国高速公路服务区规划设计中驶入率多是采用《交通工程手册》[1]中推荐的恒定值,但是驶入率是随着社会经济状况、道路发展状况的变化而变化发展的,故该推荐值有一定的局限性.通过对陕西省部分高速公路服务区驶入率的调查,运用弹性系数理论对高速公路服务区未来特征年的驶入率进行了预测研究.     

北京市道路交通资源占有率分析

为了从宏观上了解城市交通基础设施的利用和使用情况,引入了交通资源占有率的概念表征车辆在全天、全路网上的运行状况。以北京市为研究对象,通过历年的统计数据和交通调查数据,分别从客运交通结构、行车里程、行车时间、交通调查中核查线车型比例等角度对北京市2000年和2005年的公交车、小汽车、出租车等不同交通方式的道路资源占有率进行计算。     

雅马哈摩托车的ABS装置(1)

介绍雅马哈ABS摩托车电路工作原理、液压系统结构与工作原理、ABs装置的维修方法及安全骑乘注意事项等。     

图腾信仰与现代企业标志

图腾信仰发生于文明早期，是人类历史上共有的文化现象．图腾是原始社会部落组织的标志和象征，起着团结群体、维系社会组织和互相区别的职能，后逐渐成为一种教化的力量，号召全体氏族成员共同维护部落群体的安全及繁衍壮大．现代企业标志图形继承了原始图腾的信仰功能、文化意蕴，传达了企业所奉行的价值理念，是现代企业形象系统的灵魂，也是凝聚企业力量、振奋士气的重要法宝，成为新时期的图腾信仰之源．