大轴力桩基托换变形控制值确定

研究目的:桩基托换是基础工程中的一个技术难题,而变形控制又是桩基托换的核心问题.本文简要介绍深圳地铁百货广场大厦下的桩基主动托换,并着重介绍变形控制值的分析确定.研究结果:确定了变形控制值,该控制值下的最大内力,是托换结构(托换大梁、托换桩等)设计的依据,也是托换施工过程动态监测的依据.     

Numerical simulation of wave-induced nonlinear motions of a two-dimensional floating body by the moving particle semi-implicit method

The moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) method was applied to compute nonlinear motions of a floating body influenced by the water on deck. To compute the motions of a rigid body, the fluid pressure at the position of each particle on the body surface was directly integrated in space and the equations of translational and rotational motions were integrated in time to determine the correct position of the rigid-body surface at each time step of the time-domain calculation. The performance of this method was validated through a comparison with measured results in an experiment that was newly conducted using a model of a box-shaped floating body with a small freeboard. Although the overall agreement was good, some discrepancies were observed for a shorter wave period, especially for the drift motion in sway. The effect of numerical resolution on the results was checked by changing the number of particles. With a higher number of particles, no obvious improvement was seen in the global body motions, but the resolution of the local free-surface profile, including the water on deck, was improved.     

基于视频亚像素模板匹配算法的索力试验

针对索结构的索力测试，基于室内试验对比了计算机视觉方法和传统加速度传感器方法，探讨了计算机视觉方法的适用性。研究采用伺服静载锚固试验机张拉单根斜拉索钢绞线，简化模拟索张拉受力状态，通过相机摄影的非接触测量方法测量拉索动态响应，结合亚像素模板匹配算法识别拉索动态变形、基频和索力，并与传统的加速度传感器测试结果进行对比。研究结果表明，计算机视觉方法识别的拉索振动频谱峰值明显，基频识别结果与加速度传感器测试结果基本一致，索力识别结果与实测值相比最大误差不超过6%，具备开展实际结构索力测试的能力。     

Coupler jackknifing and derailments of locomotives on tangent track

A number of derailments occurred in recent years due to coupler jackknifing, some of them were reported on tangent tracks where conventionally thought to be the safer sections. This article studied coupler jackknifing behaviour and its implications for locomotive safety on tangent tracks from the experience of China heavy haul. Three types of coupler systems were modelled and simulated regarding coupler jackknifing behaviour. Two typical locomotive derailments occurred on tangent tracks were analysed. From the derailment experience, coupler angle self-lock behaviour was introduced and simulated. An approach to determine coupler angles in the jackknifed position was derived and validated with a self-coded program and SIMPACK. Methods to prevent coupler jackknifing were also evaluated with regard to locomotive stability.     

大跨度三主桁连续钢桁梁桥受力特性研究

为研究横向构件布置与截面设计对3主桁受力均衡性的影响,以宁波市三官堂大桥主桥160m+465m+160 m=785 m的大跨径钢桁架连续梁桥为例,采用Midas/Civil软件建立钢桁架梁模型,分析比较对称荷载与偏载作用下主桁结构支反力、轴力和位移等静力效应,得出了3主桁连续钢桁梁桥的内力分布特性.     

小净距隧道下穿薄煤层采空区地层开挖稳定性分析

采空区地层离散性大,小净距隧道近接下穿不同倾角薄煤层采空区开挖将引起采空区内腔塌陷。建立小净距隧道近接下穿采空区地层开挖模型,对比分析采空区倾角为0°、15°、25°、40°时先行洞监测面洞周位移和初支内力。结果表明:后行洞初支闭合时,采空区倾角为15°时,拱顶下沉量最大;采空区倾角为40°时,仰拱隆起量和拱腰水平收敛量最大;随着采空区倾角增大,初期支护正(内)弯矩分布和轴力最大位置有向近接采空区侧移动的趋势,偏压越严重;应力集中逐渐由右拱脚向左拱脚移动。最大偏心距出现在拱脚处,采空区倾角为15°时,偏心距最小,初期支护稳定性最好;倾角为40°时,偏心距最大,不利于初期支护稳定。     

轮轨作用力计算分析及其校核

文章对文献[1]中的车辆-轨道的计算模型以及轮轨接触力迭代求解方法进行了改进。算例分析表明:改进后的数值计算结果与文献[2、3]给出的测试和仿真分析结果具有较好的一致性。此外,利用有限元分析软件ANSYS进行了建模、分析和验证。     

波浪中船舶结构惯性力及在数值分析中加载方法研究

用传统与规范方法系统地分析波浪中船舶惯性力的计算,通过比较总结出两种方法的优缺点,传统方法较适合于手工粗略计算,而规范方法更适合于有限元分析平台上的复杂结构计算。同时对ANSYS结构分析中船舶惯性力的加载方法进行探讨,将传统方法和角加速度加载方法作对比,分析和实际计算得出两种方法计算结果基本一致,但角加速度加载方法更为简单直接,避免了许多繁琐的过程。     

调距桨桨毂机构水动力负荷加载方式仿真研究

本文首先对某调距桨进行了CFD仿真分析,然后将CFD计算得到的桨叶分布式压力负荷加载至调距桨桨毂有限元模型的桨叶上进行有限元静强度仿真计算,并与多点约束集中(MPC)加载方式的计算结果进行比较。因分布式压力加载方式更接近真实加载情况,更适应于精度要求较高的高负载调距桨桨毂设计,与分布式压强加载相比,虽然MPC加载方式精度较低,但因其载荷加载处理与仿真计算时间大为缩短,得到的结果偏安全,因此适用于一般的工程强度估算校核。     

江中型LNG加注趸船旁靠系泊作业的安全性

内河LNG加注趸船是我国提出并得到实际应用的一种新船型,其适用于长江、珠江等季节水位高差变化较大的天然性水域。本文采用水动力数值分析方法,针对一艘典型的江中型LNG加注趸船,研究分析了三种不同吨级LNG动力船旁靠系泊加注趸船进行补给作业时,在风、浪、流载荷联合作用下,两船旁靠系泊水动力安全问题,并给出了三种不同吨级LNG动力船旁靠作业的限制环境条件建议值。研究结论可为实际工程操作提供有益参考。