Observations of the Fawn Trough Current over the Kerguelen Plateau from instrumented elephant seals

Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depths, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder ( 50 Sv, 1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s^− 1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn and Princess Elizabeth Troughs. However, the paucity of finely resolved quasi-synoptic hydrographic data in this remote and infrequently sampled area has limited the progress in our knowledge of the regional circulation. Since 2004, a new approach using elephant seals from the Kerguelen Islands as autonomous oceanographic profilers has provided new information on the hydrography over the Kerguelen Plateau, covering the entire Antarctic Zone between the Polar Front and Antarctica, with a mean along-track resolution of about 25 km. These finely resolved bio-logged data revealed details of a strong northeastward current found across the Fawn Trough (sill depth: 2600 m; 56°S, 78°E). This so-called Fawn Trough Current transports cold Antarctic waters found mostly south of the Elan Bank, between the Ice Limit (58°S) and the Antarctic Divergence (64°S) in the eastern Enderby Basin, toward the Australian–Antarctic Basin. Our analysis also demonstrates that the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries cold Antarctic water along the eastern flank of the southern Kerguelen Plateau collides with Fawn Trough Current at the outlet of the Fawn Trough sill. In other words, the Fawn Trough constitutes a veritable bottleneck, channelling the quasi-totality of the Antarctic Circumpolar flow found south of the Polar Front. Thanks to the unprecedented fine resolution of seal-borne data, a branch of flow centered at the Winter Water isotherm of 1 °C is also revealed along the northern escarpment of the Elan Bank, and then along the southern edge of Heard Island. Further analysis of different supplementary data reveals a complex circulation pattern in the entire Enderby Basin, with several distinctive branches of flow being strongly controlled by prominent topographic features such as the Southwest Indian Ridge, Conrad Rise, Elan Bank, and Kerguelen Plateau. This newly emerged frontal structure refines considerably previous large-scale circulation schematics of the area.     

面对"入世"挑战东风汽车公司的产品发展战略和对策

简析加入WTO对中国汽车工业带来的机遇和挑战，分析了汽车行业竞争态势，结合多年工作实践，对东风汽车公司产品发展战略提出对策建议。     

基于遗传算法的重载与非重载去向开行方案比较研究

本文道德简要介绍重载运输在我国开行的现状，在此基础上建立一个重载列车去向模型。引进一个先进的算法－遗传算法求解模型，根据求得最终优化方案，比较普通直达列车和重载列车开行方案的不同，计算结果表明重载列车的开行应该重新调整现有编组计划，而不是仅仅加大原有开行方向上的编成辆数以实现重载。     

暖棚法在高墩0#块冬季施工的应用

该文介绍葫芦河特大桥主墩0#块冬季施工方法,对西北严寒地区混凝土生产、运输、施工、养护等成功的经验进行了总结。提出采用"暖棚保温、管道覆盖、暖棚养护"法进行混凝土施工是一种较好的方法。     

Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria–Oran front: Part 1: Ageostrophic flow

This paper presents a detailed diagnostic analysis of hydrographic and current meter data from three, rapidly repeated, fine-scale surveys of the Almeria–Oran front. Instability of the frontal boundary, between surface waters of Atlantic and Mediterranean origin, is shown to provide a mechanism for significant heat transfer from the surface layers to the deep ocean in winter. The data were collected during the second observational phase of the EU funded OMEGA project on RRS Discovery cruise 224 during December 1996. High resolution hydrographic measurements using the towed undulating CTD vehicle, SeaSoar, traced the subduction of Mediterranean Surface Water across the Almeria–Oran front. This subduction is shown to result from a significant baroclinic component to the instability of the frontal jet. The Q-vector formulation of the omega equation is combined with a scale analysis to quantitatively diagnose vertical transport resulting from mesoscale ageostrophic circulation. The analyses are presented and discussed in the presence of satellite and airborne remotely sensed data; which provide the basis for a thorough and novel approach to the determination of observational error.     

产业导向下的轨道交通站点开发策略研究

近年来,在城市轨道交通站点周边土地开发过程中,出现了诸多“开而不发”的现象。本文以产业为切入点,在研究城市轨道交通站点开发模式及其对产业集聚影响等理论的基础上,结合站点周边开发的典型案例,提出了将产业导入与开发建设统筹考虑、以服务业或生产性服务业为主导产业、合理配置产业结构并紧凑布局、采用政府与企业协作的发展模式、以TOD理念进行规划设计、优化开发时序与合理分区分期等开发策略,为城市轨道交通站点周边开发提供参考和借鉴。     

在室温及低温下316L、316LN不锈钢单轴低周疲劳特性的研究

本文在室温及低温下对316L、316LN奥氏体不锈钢进行了单独拉压低周疲劳试验及其微结构观察，利用穆斯堡尔谱方法，间接地证实了至今尚未得到试验证实的在316LN不锈钢中存在IS结合体的假设，基于宏观微观试验研究结果，深入研究了不锈钢的单轴低周疲劳特性对合金元素氮和试验温度依赖性的微观机理。     

重庆鱼洞长江大桥主桥0号块施工技术

由于预应力混凝土连续刚构桥对地形、地质和通航要求适应性强,施工方便,较为经济,已成为大跨径桥梁的首选型。但是,随着连续刚构桥梁跨度的不断增大,处于连续刚构桥梁重要承重结构地位的0号段体积也不断增大,施工技术更加复杂。如何突破0号段施工技术难点,是解决大跨度连续刚构桥梁施工技术的关键。总结中铁十七局在鱼洞长江大桥全国最大的0号块施工时所采取的一系列有效措施和取得的成功经验,为今后的公路、铁路桥悬灌梁0号块的施工提供可以借鉴的施工经验。     

C_0-C_0轴式大功率货运电力机车牵引装置技术难点分析及对策

目前货运电力机车正朝着重载大功率方向发展,其中C0-C0六轴大功率货运电力机车又是重点发展的车型。大功率货运电力机车要求牵引装置具有低的牵引点高度、更高的结构强度。同时,大功率牵引电机的尺寸大,底部限界的要求也限制了牵引装置的设计空间。文章结合HXD1B型电力机车牵引装置,重点分析了该结构是如何满足六轴大功率货运电力机车要求的。     

部分斜拉桥塔梁墩固结点局部应力分析

庆淄路惠青黄河公路大桥为部分斜拉桥,矩形桥塔,塔梁墩固结,桥塔处主梁设置有斜向横隔板.建立其塔-梁-墩固结部位的三维有限元模型,分析该部位的局部应力.重点分析桥塔作用在主梁上的荷载对0号块主梁应力的影响,以及竖向及横向预应力荷载的效应.