The ambivalence of ridesharing

Ridesharing is quite a popular topic of discussion among transport authority personnel. It is perceived to be a viable alternative to classical modes of transportation, and receives a great deal of political support from transport planners. However, not much objective information is available on ridesharing behaviors. We use travel survey data to study the evolution of the ridesharing market in an urban area. Our study is based on data from four large-scale OD surveys conducted in the Greater Montreal Area (1987, 1993, 1998 and 2003). In the latest survey conducted in Montreal, car passengers were asked to identify the driver who gave them the opportunity to travel in this way. Their answers were classified according to the type of driver; for instance, a member of their household, a neighbor or a co-worker. We use this information to calibrate a model matching car passengers and car drivers belonging to the same household. This will be referred to as IHHR (intra-household ridesharing). Preliminary results reveal that approximately 70% of all trips made by car passengers are the result of IHHR. Furthermore, around 15% of those trips are questionable, in that they were exclusively generated for another individual’s purposes, consequently generating an additional trip for the journey back home. Moreover, this percentage increased over time. Objective data regarding ridesharing and its evolution in an urban area will undoubtedly help decision makers gain a clearer profile of this means of travel and help to realign attitudes on the issue.

基于ITTC的实船试航航速修正方法

依据ITTC 7.5-04-01-01.2,并结合ISO 15016（2002）中关于实船试航航速修正方法,以EXCEL为平台,通过VBA编写程序,建立了一种考虑风、波浪、水温、航行状态和浅水等影响因素的船舶试航航速修正方法,可以快捷方便地对试航航速进行修正,得到深水、无风、无浪、无流条件下的船舶航速、主机功率、螺旋桨转速及相应压载吃水和结构吃水工况下的S-P曲线。最后将软件应用于某散货船实船航速修正中,经对比分析表明其修正结果与船模试验的变化趋势是一致的。     

论基于ISO质量标准的高等航海院校质量管理体系建设

从加强教学质量管理，提高教学质量的角度，探讨高等院校引入国际通用的ISO质量标准体系的可行性和适用性。作通过在本校运用ISO质量标准后的经验与体会，深入浅出地论述了高校质量管理体的建设，为广大读提供了一种可供选择的高校质量管理新路。     

IEC列车通信网络

国际电工委员会（ＩＥＣ）和国际铁路联盟（ＵＩＣ）为铁路车辆之间和车辆内互相联接的可编程设备制定了一项标准——《列车通信网络》（ＴＣＮ），其目的是有利于铁路运用部门、装配厂和设备供应商实现世界范围的车辆间的相互操作和插入式设备的联接。文章介绍了ＴＣＮ的体系结构，包括绞线式列车总线（ＷＴＢ）和多功能车辆总线（ＭＶＢ）的功能、技术参数、公共协议及网络管理，并对ＴＣＮ原型的开发、试验验证情况和标准草案工作进程作了简要的说明。     

基于CANopen协议轻轨车网络监控系统

介绍了基于CANopen协议的轻轨车网络监控系统软硬件平台,详细说明了CANopen主控设备和从设备节点的硬件设计和软件设计,并利用CANalyzer软件分析CANopen网络数据流,最终验证了设计开发的轻轨车网络监控系统能够满足实际的应用控制需求。     

基于ISO13584开放式零件库开发模式研究

给出ISO 13584零件库标准体系的具体内容．提出了Browse/Server零件库开发模式，研究了零件库的总体结构及各部分功能．对服务器端零件库组成结构进行了深入研究；对客户端的基于用户CAD系统的几何编程接口给出两种可行的实现方法。     

IEC61850标准在地铁变电站自动化系统的应用

通过介绍变电站内通信网络和系统标准体系IEC 61850的主要内容和特点,探讨了基于该标准的变电站内通信系统框架模型,并提出变电站和调度中心之间远动信息网络化传输方案,为进一步设计和实现符合标准的变电站自动化系统无缝通信网络奠定了基础.     

ISO9000与CMMI质量管理体系在IT企业的实施

根据实施ISO9000质量管理体系和CMMI3级过程改进的具体实践,介绍IT企业构建有效的ISO9000质量管理体系和CMMI模型的策略和方法.     

Assessment of wheel loader vibration on the riding comfort according to ISO standards

Vibration accelerations were measured on a compact wheel loader during 11 operations with two drivers and with/without the activated boom suspension system (BSS). Two standards, ISO 2631-1 (1985) and ISO 2631-1 (1997), were used to assess the effect of wheel loader vibration on comfort. The assessment results of ISO 2631-1 (1985) showed that vibration in the frequency range from 4 to 20 Hz in the vertical direction and in the frequency range from 1.6 to 3.15 Hz in the vertical and driving directions plays an important role in comfort assessment. The overall total values of vibration measured on the wheel loader in all operations exceeded the ‘uncomfortable’ boundary specified in ISO 2631-1 (1997). The speed had a larger influence on the vibration intensity than the bucket load, the BSS or the driver biodynamic response during driving. During driving and V-cycle, the difference of vibration intensity with two drivers in the z-direction is larger than that in the x- and y-direction.     

基于GB/T27025的整车研发试验管理数字化平台的研究与探讨

文章基于GB/T 27025:2017《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》的理解与实施,结合工作实践及各车企及第三方检测机构试验室CNAS能力评审的经验,探索了如何建设满足CNAS的全部要素的整车研发试验管理数字化平台。试验管理数字化平台在对人、机、料、法、环的管理的基础上,运用5G、网联技术等新兴科技手段,加入融合设备网联管理、试验数据采集与分析等数字化功能模块,承载从试验策划到报告交付的试验业务流程,实现试验流程规范标准、试验数据互通共享、客户服务高效便捷、运营数据精细准确,更加高效的服务于整车研发。