基于数值和实验方法的非透浪梳式防波堤的水动力学特性研究

采用源函数造波法建立了三维数值波浪水槽模型,模拟了不同随机种子数(NW)下的随机波浪,与目标谱对比的结果证明当NW=200时,采用文中的数值方法可以得到较好的模拟精度;建立了随机波浪对一种非透浪梳式防波堤作用的数值模型,通过数值模拟结果和实验结果的比较,验证了该数值模型的有效性。对该非透浪的梳式防波堤的水力学特性进行了实验研究,并应用上述数值方法对结构的所受冲击波浪力机理进行了分析,数值结果证明在该结构的危险水位下,由结构的翼板和胸墙下底板所构成的异型空腔结构是导致翼板上产生较大冲击压力的主要因素。在此基础上,为了消减翼板的冲击压力,提出一种改进的结构型式,最后对该改进结构的翼板上波浪力特性和波浪反射系数进行了实验研究。     

液舱晃荡载荷数值模拟中的流固耦合影响研究

为了研究大型化后LNG船液舱围护系统结构弹性对液舱内晃荡冲击压力的影响,采用基于显式时间积分方法的有限元/有限体积法程序模拟流体和结构的运动和变形及其相互作用。论述了数值模拟方法及其重要相关参数,以二维矩形刚性液舱模型为例模拟晃荡,得到的结果分别与计算流体程序和试验的结果比较,论证了该数值计算方案的可行性。进一步进行了三维刚性和三维弹性模型的液舱晃荡分析,比较了不同模型对液体运动和舱壁冲击压力的影响。文中研究结果对液舱结构晃荡冲击载荷评估具有参考价值。     

系泊船舶在横浪作用下撞击能量计算参数Cm 取值研究

船舶附加水体质量系数Cm的取值对计算系泊船舶在横浪作用下的撞击能量具有十分重要的影响,目前国内外相关文献对该参数取值差异较大,且国内水运行业规范的参数取值偏小,给结构安全带来一定隐患。经过对取值规定的比较,并参照计算公式、结合工程实例分析计算结果,得知国内现行规范Cm的取值明显小于国内外相关规范和研究报告的取值。建议20万吨级以上船舶增大Cm取值为1.7～2.0。     

突起路标逆反射器自动冲击装置的研制及应用

本文主要描述了一种用于检测突起路标逆反射器抗冲击性自动试验装置,包括冲击装置和试样保持架,解决了目前突起路标逆反射器抗冲击试验过程中的装置简陋或部分缺失、操作不规范、试验结果不准确及存在安全隐患等问题,符合实际生产的需求,提高了实验效率,准确有效的测量了突起路标的逆反射器抗冲击性能,确保了产品性能检测指标。     

Traffic impact analysis of inspection area site selection at a foreign trade container terminal

ABSTRACT

To improve the security and efficiency of terminal operations, a key issue for land area layout at a foreign trade container terminal is to plan and design an inspection area. Since it directly affects terminal traffic, while determining inspection area site selection, we should pay a great attention to operations and management of terminal traffic as well as container inspection. This paper employs a system decomposition technique to develop an integrated simulation framework, which enables us to flexibly obtain the whole picture of terminal traffic conditions and evaluate traffic impacts of inspection area site selection. A real-world terminal with typical patterns of land area layout is chosen to carry out a case study, which shows that traffic flow is unevenly distributed on the terminal road network and that the distribution is influenced by truck streams at the terminal. New findings also include: (1) traffic volume at the terminal apron is rather unbalanced in association with the non-continuous utilization of berths; (2) a proper inspection area should be located near the gate if the terminal conditions permit from the perspective of terminal traffic. This work may provide a decision-making reference for the planning and construction of foreign trade container terminals.     

On the fluid-structure response of elastic-plastic ship sides subjected to impact loads

This paper presents a simplified numerical model capable of analysing the interaction between the structural dynamic response of elastic-plastic struck plate wall of a fluid tank subjected to wedge impact and the resulting fluid motion. The Variational Finite Difference Method (VFDM) is applied to analyse the structural dynamics of the struck plate and 2-D linear potential flow theory is used to study the resulting fluid motion and its effects on the structural dynamics of the struck plate. Experiments of a wedge indenter impacting with both empty and 90% filled tanks are carried out to study the structural deformation of the struck plate. The accuracy of the developed numerical model is validated with published results and experimental results, and good agreement is achieved. Through the comparison of the impact behaviour of empty and partially filled water tank, it is found that the resulting water motion helps to reduce the structural deformation of the struck plate since part of the impact energy is dissipated by the resulting water motion. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the effect of impact velocity and water level on the structural dynamics of the struck plate of a partially filled water tank. A case study is also conducted to demonstrate the potential application of the proposed method in analysing ship-ice impact problems.     

Experimental study of freak wave impacts on a tension-leg platform

This study investigates the freak wave impinging on a tension-leg platform through wave flume experiments. The freak waves are generated using the focused wave theory. By adjusting the wave focusing location, different incident wave scenarios at the structure location are produced. Simultaneous measurements of wave shape evolutions upon impingement, wave impact pressures on the platform deck, platform motions and tether forces are carried out for synchronized analyses of the wave kinematics/dynamics and structural responses. The variation of these parameters with the incident wave profile is studied. It is found that although applying less intensive local impact pressures as compared to the highly-breaking freak wave, the slightly-breaking or non-breaking freak wave imposes the same level of adverse effect on the platform's global stability in terms of motions and tether forces. In addition, the high-crest freak wave causes violent motions of the floating platform, which are likely to induce snap loads of large amplitude and high occurrence frequency in tethers. The published results would provide useful benchmarks for validating numerical and analytical models.     

城市物流服务站交通影响分析方法及应用

为有效地解决城市物流服务站的交通影响分析问题，在总结国内外研究成果基础上，提出了城市物流服务站交通影响分析的工作程序．用物流处理量作为实施交通影响分析的前提条件,针对交通服务水平不足以表征城市物流服务站对交通的影响程度，以交通影响度代之，并给出了相应定义与计算方法,讨论了包括改善邻近交叉口的交通组织、合理设置物流服务站进出口与道路交通标志标线等在内的减小城市物流服务站交通影响程度的措施．     

人湿尺骨干在冲击压缩实验下的力学性能及规律

目的探讨人湿尺骨密质骨在高应变率下的力学性能及其分布规律。方法用分离式Hopkinson压杆(SHPB)技术对人湿尺骨密质骨进行了应变率在.ε=1.2×103/s条件下的冲击压缩试验。结果尺骨密质骨在高应变率下的力学性能随其纵向位置变化而呈现出中间强两端弱的分布,最强的位置约在距近端1/3处,且近端强于远端。与静态结果的比较表明,尺骨密质骨对应变率有较大的依赖性。结论在冲击压缩力作用下,尺骨的两端,尤其是远端容易骨折。     

浅谈交通运输企业运用环境会计问题

要想实现环境和经济协调持续发展的奋斗目标,就很有必要将环境会计理论运用到交通运输业会计理论体系中。从环境会计兴起与发展谈起,对交通运输企业运用环境会计的必要性、内容及会计信息的披露方式进行了论述。