船舶撞击后导管架安全性评估修复的方法探讨

依托项目实例,以实测凹陷值来还原撞击荷载,进而对导管架进行剩余强度评估和其它部位的损伤筛查,给出导管架海上维修方案,结合对平台的整体安全性评估结果,给出修复方法和后期监测方案。     

流体与结构砰击的全非线性模拟:综述（英文）

This paper presents a review of the work on fluid/structure impact based on inviscid and imcompressible liquid and irrotational flow. The focus is on the velocity potential theory together with boundary element method(BEM). Fully nonlinear boundary conditions are imposed on the unknown free surface and the wetted surface of the moving body. The review includes(1) vertical and oblique water entry of a body at constant or a prescribed varying speed, as well as free fall motion,(2) liquid droplets or column impact as well as wave impact on a body,(3) similarity solution of an expanding body. It covers two dimensional(2D), axisymmetric and three dimensional(3D) cases. Key techniques used in the numerical simulation are outlined, including mesh generation on the multivalued free surface, the stretched coordinate system for expanding domain, the auxiliary function method for decoupling the mutual dependence of the pressure and the body motion, and treatment for the jet or the thin liquid film developed during impact.     

复合材料层合板低速冲击损伤特性影响因素

基于二维Hashin失效准则,在充分考虑低速冲击下层合板纤维和基体拉压失效等损伤模式下,计及材料退化并引入损伤因子,运用ABAQUS软件建立复合材料层合板低速冲击有限元模型。运用该模型深入研究层合板低速冲击问题,考察其动态响应和损伤演化过程,数值结果和实验值吻合良好,验证模型的合理性和准确性。在此基础上,通过对层合板进行各冲击工况的数值模拟,详细讨论冲击能量、铺层形式等参数对层合板低速冲击动态响应和损伤特性的影响规律。     

Assessment of economic impacts from unexpected events with an interregional commodity flow and multimodal transportation network model

Loss and damage caused by unscheduled events, especially earthquakes, have sudden and significant impacts not only on the region’s economy where the event occurs but also on other regions. The New Madrid Seismic Zone, located in the center of the United States, could have great impacts on economic activities related to this area, if a major earthquake occurred. Based on the 1993 US Commodity Flow Survey [US Commodity Flow Survey, 1993. Available from: <http://www.bts.gov/ntda/cfs/prod.html>], more than 42% of total commodity flows in the US are related to the greater Midwest, which includes the New Madrid Seismic Zone. If a catastrophic earthquake occurred in this area, the indirect damages could spread far beyond the region, and could have sizable impacts on other regions. A model of interregional commodity flows, incorporating regional input–output relationships, and the corresponding transportation network flows, was applied to assess the economic impacts of such an unexpected event. The economic impacts from the event are described for three hypothetical scenarios, analyzing the magnitude and the extent of the direct and indirect impacts. These analytical results may be used to propose strategic management of the recovery and reconstruction efforts after the event.     

Jointly optimizing cost, service, and environmental performance in demand-responsive transit scheduling

In certain fleet systems, the environmental impacts of operation are, to some extent, a controllable function of vehicle routing and scheduling decisions. However, little prior work has considered environmental impacts in fleet vehicle routing and scheduling optimization, in particular, where the impacts were assessed systematically utilizing life-cycle impact assessment methodologies such as those described by the Society of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology. Here a methodology is presented for the joint optimization of cost, service, and life-cycle environmental consequences in vehicle routing and scheduling, which we develop for a demand-responsive (paratransit or dial-a-ride) transit system. We demonstrate through simulation that, as a result of our methodology, it is possible to reduce environmental impacts substantially, while increasing operating costs and service delays only slightly.     

船舶曳引系统冲击力稳定性分析与验证

船舶在隧洞中采用一种曳引技术通航,为了探究曳引系统在通航过程中受到外部冲击力对船舶稳定性的影响,文章通过仿真分析与模型试验相结合的技术路线,以受到不同冲击力作用下船模姿态为依据进行分析.结果 表明:曳引系统在不同牵引速度下,受到外部冲击载荷,均可保证船舶的稳定性,适当增加内部载荷能有效抵抗外部冲击力的影响.     

汽车侧碰中后向式婴儿座椅设计参数的仿真研究

运用子结构的建模方法建立了侧碰时的婴儿约束系统模型,该模型包括后车门总成模型、汽车后排座椅模型、婴儿安全座椅、P3／4假人模型、后排座椅安全带和婴儿座椅安全带,并运用规定结构运动的PSM方法定义车门总成的运动,在此基础上研究侧碰撞中婴儿安全座椅的设计参数对P3／4婴儿假人动力学响应及其损伤的影响。仿真结果表明：坐垫刚度和安全带刚度对婴儿假人损伤影响较大、坐垫摩擦系数对胸部加速度和颈部损伤影响较大。     

水中大直径钻孔桩冲击钻成孔工艺

介绍水上大桩径冲击成孔桩基施工中存在的实际问题,以及桩基冲击成孔施工中采取的相应措施。     

冲击碾压技术在公路施工中的应用

公路工程施工过程中运用冲击碾压技术,能够在很大程度上减少出现路基变形沉降的情况、促进公路路基均匀性以及整体强度提高。鉴于此,就冲击碾压技术的基本特征以及在公路施工中的应用效果进行探讨,可为相关工程提供参考。     

厚层大粒径填石路堤碾压关键技术研究

由于路基设计规范对填石路堤在松铺厚度和最大粒径方面的限制,山区公路建设中大量石质挖方和隧道弃方不能作为路基填料加以利用,导致环境破坏,工程成本增加.结合现有施工机械和碾压手段,利用大粒径硬质填石料,进行了现场碾压试验和质量检测,提出大粒径石料适宜的松铺厚度、最大粒径限制、碾压机械及其组合、碾压遍数等.