Speed variation during peak and off-peak hours on urban arterials in Shanghai

Increased speed variation on urban arterials is associated with reductions in both operational performance and safety. Traffic flow, mean speed, traffic control parameters and geometric design features are known to affect speed variation. An exploratory study of the relationships among these variables could provide a foundation for improving the operational and safety performance of urban arterials, however, such a study has been hampered by problems in measuring speeds. The measurement of speed has traditionally been accomplished using spot speed collection methods such as radar, laser and loop detectors. These methods can cover only limited locations, and consequently are not able to capture speed distributions along an entire network, or even throughout any single road segment. In Shanghai, it is possible to acquire the speed distribution of any roadway segment, over any period of interest, by capturing data from Shanghai’s 50,000+ taxis equipped with Global Positional Systems (GPS). These data, hereafter called Floating Car Data, were used to calculate mean speed and speed variation on 234 road segments from eight urban arterials in downtown Shanghai. Hierarchical models with random variables were developed to account for spatial correlations among segments within each arterial and heterogeneities among arterials. Considering that traffic demand changes throughout the day, AM peak, Noon off-peak, and PM peak hours were studied separately. Results showed that increases in number of lanes and number of access points, the presence of bus stops and increases in mean speed were all associated with increased speed variation, and that increases in traffic volume and traffic signal green times were associated with reduced speed variation. These findings can be used by engineers to minimize speed differences during the road network planning stage and continuing through the traffic management phase.     

基于BP神经网络的二手车价格评估影响因素研究

为了高效客观准确评估二手车价格,以影响二手车价格评估的因素为研究对象,采用文献法分析筛选出二手车评估价格的11个影响因素并建立了BP神经网络二手车价格评估模型。通过BP神经网络二手车价格评估模型的计算结果显示模型预测价格与实际价格相关系数达到0.96,根据所建模型的连接权值得出了二手车价格评估影响权重值较大的7个因素。最后将影响二手车价格评估的7个主要因素作为输入重构了价格评估模型并重新计算二手车价格得出BP-11模型与BP-7模型计算结果基本一致且Pearson相关性度到0.83。因此本文的研究结果表明:二手车价格评估主要受综合油耗、车辆售后满意度、车龄、车辆可靠性、舒适性、外观、当前里程数的影响,BP神经网络二手车价格评估模型可由这7个因素描述。     

沥青路面平整度影响因素分析及提高措施

沥青路面平整度影响因素分析及提高措施。     

浅谈影响石灰稳定土强度的因素及施工控制措施

对影响石灰稳定土强度的相关因素进行分析,并提出施工中采取的控制措施。     

ZPW-2000A区段工频干扰成因分析及整治方案研究

通过典型实例,深入分析了电气化区段50Hz工作频率对ZPW-2000A信号的干扰,提出了抑制电气化区段牵引电流干扰的措施,对指导信号施工、验收、维护工作,减小电气化区段牵引电流的干扰,具有重要意义。     

BRT速度影响因素分析及提高措施

本文分析了影响BRT速度的各个因素和计算方法,并提出提高BRT速度的改进措施,使在我国BRT规划实施前,全面掌握和了解影响速度的各个环节,以期能够在实际中顺利地达到快速的目的.     

Structure Model of Urban Traffic System Evolution

A structure model of urban traffic system evolution is built based on the analysis of the factors influencing the system evolution and the hierarchy between the factors. Then the influencing degrees of the factors are quantificationally analyzed by DEMATE (decision making trial and evaluation laboratory). The analysis results indicate that the traffic mode structure which achieves the highest central degree is the dominant influencing factor of the urban traffic system evolution, and that economy development and the traffic poficy axe the second important factors that also affect the traffic mode structures. Furthermore, physical geography is a basic restriction to the urban traffic system evolution.     

油气管道的H2S应力腐蚀破裂及防护

硫化氢腐蚀广泛存在于油气开采运输、石化加工生产中,是造成众多事故的重要破坏形式之一。在参考大量中外有关文献的基础上,总结了油气管道发生H2S应力腐蚀破裂(SSCC)的特点,介绍了油气管道SSCC的机理,系统地总结和分析了影响管道SSCC的环境、材料和应力因素,并对其防护提出了建议。     

浮式生产装置LNG预冷天然气分液罐泄漏扩散模拟研究

针对海洋工程中重气的泄漏而导致严重后果的问题,归纳国内外的重气研究结论,基于海上浮式生产装置的预冷天然气分液罐,建立了不同风速场、不同宽度的分液罐泄漏模型,对其进行了重气泄漏后的扩散模拟,得到了扩散后影响的区域结果,并提出了改进措施,为海上浮式生产装置的安全保障提供指导。     

对探地雷达检测中的电磁波波速相关问题的思考

通过探地雷达检测技术在公路工程质量检测中的广泛应用,结合长期实践应用的经验性总结,概括性地介绍了在检测中探地雷达电磁波波速确定方法并对影响因素给予了思考及分析,同时有针对性地提出了可行的建议措施.