Making time count: Traveler activity engagement on urban transit

In practice, travel time is assigned a cost and treated as a disutility to be minimized. There is a growing body of research supporting the hypothesis that travel time has some value of its own, and the proliferation of information and communication technology (ICT) may be contributing to that value. Travelers’ attitudes are confounded with their mode choice, and as telecommunications mediate travel behavior, analysts must recognize the interaction between time use and customer satisfaction for appropriate travel demand management. To that end, this paper presents results from jointly estimated models of travelers’ latent satisfaction and on-board activity engagement using Chicago transit rider data gathered in April 2010. The simple questionnaire and small sample corroborate the findings of past research indicating travel attitudes and activity engagement have potential to influence travelers’ value of time, and many transit riders consider transit a better use of time and/or money than driving. The findings affirm the need for a more holistic understanding of value of time for travel demand management and infrastructure valuation. As time use has an influence on users’ valuation of the transit mode, offering opportunities to conduct certain leisure activities could improve the perceived value of travel time.     

Integrating GIS concepts into transportation network data structures

Transportation network data structures must be designed to meet the requirements of the analyses being conducted and must be compatible with the selected graphical user interface. Increasing interest in geographic information systems (GIS) and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have further burdened the network data structure. It is possible to implement object oriented programming (OOP) technology to satisfy these needs, without making the data structure excessively complicated.

This paper shows how a well‐developed network data structure can incorporate major capabilities normally associated with stand‐alone GIS's. The design of a network data structure derives from both theoretical and practical considerations. A design of a network data structure, composed entirely of objects, is presented. Examples of its implementation, limitations, advantages, and possible extensions are drawn from experience with the General Network Editor (GNE).     

Interactive image-based information visualization for aircraft trajectory analysis

Objectives: The objective of the presented work is to present novel methods for big data exploration in the Air Traffic Control (ATC) domain. Data is formed by sets of airplane trajectories, or trails, which in turn records the positions of an aircraft in a given airspace at several time instants, and additional information such as flight height, speed, fuel consumption, and metadata (e.g. flight ID). Analyzing and understanding this time-dependent data poses several non-trivial challenges to information visualization.Materials and methods: To address this Big Data challenge, we present a set of novel methods to analyze aircraft trajectories with interactive image-based information visualization techniques.As a result, we address the scalability challenges in terms of data manipulation and open questions by presenting a set of related visual analysis methods that focus on decision-support in the ATC domain. All methods use image-based techniques, in order to outline the advantages of such techniques in our application context, and illustrated by means of use-cases from the ATC domain.Results: For each considered use-case, we outline the type of questions posed by domain experts, data involved in addressing these questions, and describe the specific image-based techniques we used to address these questions. Further, for each of the proposed techniques, we describe the visual representation and interaction mechanisms that have been used to address the above-mentioned goals. We illustrate these use-cases with real-life datasets from the ATC domain, and show how our techniques can help end-users in the ATC domain discover new insights, and solve problems, involving the presented datasets.     

基于OIPSO算法的环境最优动力定位控制器设计

环境最优动力定位控制是一种以能量消耗最少为目标的动力定位控制方法,在不需要任何环境传感器的情况下,使其保持在设定区域且消耗能量最少,节约燃料、减少有害气体的排放。首先,提出一种带有目标性初始化粒子群的改进粒子群优化算法(OIPSO),通过引入混沌算子,利用信息熵进行评估对初始化粒子种群进行调整以提高粒子群算法全局搜索能力和收敛速度,具有大范围全局寻优能力。其次,研究设计环境最优艏向控制器控制律,该控制律能满足欠驱动船舶动力定位的控制需求。最后以Cyber Ship Ⅱ动力定位模型船为对象进行仿真验证。结果表明,所提出的寻优算法和改进控制律达到了设计的目的。     

GIS在城市轨道交通中的功能分析

地理信息系统技术应用于城市轨道交通成为一种新的趋势,它能够提高轨道交通管理的快速反应能力和综合协调控制能力。本文针对地理信息系统应用于城市轨道交通建设、运营等阶段的功能进行分析,首先对地理信息系统在国内外轨道交通中的应用进行简介,再着重对地理信息系统在城市轨道交通建设、城市轨道交通调度指挥以及城市轨道交通应急处理中的功能进行总结并加以简单的分析,最后基于GIS在城市轨道交通中的功能分析,对GIS在该领域的发展趋势进行预测,得出地理信息系统在城市轨道交通中的应用应朝多功能综合一体化、多信息技术融合及三维可视化方向发展的结论。     

PDM系统在摩托车设计中的应用

实现信息化管理是摩托车行业在激烈的市场竞争中求生存、求发展的基础,基于产品设计技术的数据管理（PDM）系统的应用,为企业提高技术能力与市场竞争力起到了很大的作用。通过PDM的实施和应用,产品数据信息得到了高度共享,产品设计实现了数字化,大大缩短了产品的开发周期,提高了设计质量,增强了企业竞争力,推进了企业信息化进程。     

数据库技术在船舶综合信息服务系统中的应用

根据AIS信息数据库的主要特征,以SQL Server 2005为例,研究了船舶综合信息服务系统开发过程中几种关键的数据库技术：数据分区、索引、事务和锁、存储过程和函数、复制技术以及这些技术的综合应用,提高了AIS信息数据库的整体性能,使客户端的连接数量及访问速度有了明显改善,同时对其他大型数据库系统的开发具有重要的指...     

交通指挥调度、事故应急处理智能化系统的设计与应用

上海公安交通指挥调度、事故应急处理智能化系统是为加强世博安全、保障世博交通而提出建设的。介绍了系统的建设目标、总体建设思路和系统总体架构,以及系统的功能特点、关键技术等。系统在实际使用中发挥了重要作用,大大提高了上海公安交通管理的整体水平。     

浅谈档案有效利用在服务交通事业发展中的作用

阐述了科学管理是档案工作服务交通事业的前提,信息收集贮备是服务交通事业的基础,有效利用档案在交通事业发展中起着重要的作用。     

Quantifying the benefit of responsive pricing and travel information in the stochastic congestion pricing problem

This paper is concerned with roadway pricing amidst the uncertainty which characterizes long-term transportation planning. Uncertainty is considered both on the supply-side (e.g., the effect of incidents on habitual route choice behavior) and on the demand-side (e.g., due to prediction errors in demand forecasting). The framework developed in this paper also allows the benefits of real-time travel information to be compared directly against the benefits of responsive pricing, allowing planning agencies to identify the value of these policy options or contract terms in publicly-operated toll roads. Specifically, six scenarios reflect different combinations of policy options, and correspond to different solution methods for optimal tolls. Demonstrations are provided on both the Sioux falls and Anaheim networks. Results indicate that providing information to drivers implemented alongside responsive tolling may reduce expected total system travel time by over 9%, though more than 8% of the improvement is due to providing information, with the remaining 1% improvement gained from responsive tolling.