Simulation studies of information propagation in a self-organizing distributed traffic information system

This paper investigates the feasibility of a self-organizing, completely distributed traffic information system based upon vehicle-to-vehicle communication technologies. Unlike centralized traffic information systems, the proposed system does not need public infrastructure investment as a prerequisite for implementation. Due to the complexity of the proposed system, simulation is selected as the primary approach in the feasibility studies. A simulation framework is built based on an existing microscopic traffic simulation model for the simulation studies. The critical questions for building the proposed market-driven system are examined both from communication requirements and traffic engineering points of view. Traffic information propagation both in freeway and arterial networks via information exchange among IVC-equipped vehicles is tested within the simulation framework. Results on the probability of successful IVC and traffic information propagation distance obtained from the simulation studies are generated and analyzed under incident-free and incident conditions for various roadway formats and parameter combinations. Comparisons between the speed of the incident information wave and the speed of the corresponding traffic shock wave due to the incident are analyzed for different scenarios as the most crucial aspect of the information propagation as a potential foundation for application in such a decentralized traffic information system.     

浅析京沪高铁北京CTC中心网络安全

随着分散自律调度集中(CTC)系统运用于京沪高速铁路,京沪CTC中心网络安全成为保障京沪高铁行车安全的一个重要环节。对CTC中心网络安全进行风险识别与分析。从安全管理和安全技术2个方面论证,总结了解决京沪CTC中心网络安全风险的途径。实践证明,采用安全管理和安全技术相结合的策略,有效规避了京沪高铁北京局CTC中心潜在的内、外网络风险,保证了系统网络高安全性。     

专用铁路综合数据通信网建设方案探讨

铁路综合数据通信网,是铁路信息化建设的基础平台,建设时首先应完善铁路基础通信网,然后从业务需求、网络结构、技术方案、网络管理、安全策略等几个方面综合考虑,合理规划,有效实现资源最大化的目标,使专用铁路信息化建设更科学、更合理。     

铁路线路单元质量管理信息系统框架探讨

铁路行业的高速发展向铁路线路管理提出了更高要求,亟需信息系统辅助管理。通过研究分析国内外铁路线路信息管理系统现状,明确线路单元优化划分和养护维修计划优化制定是系统的发展方向。依据公路单元划分的方法,探讨铁路轨道单元划分的原则和方式,研究"秩和检验法"划分线路单元的具体步骤,总结轨道单元划分管理的实际应用效果。参考国外铁路线路信息管理系统的框架搭建形式,结合单元管理思想探讨系统各模块功能,搭建线路检测、单元划分、计划制定、实施效果反馈的连续性管理框架,并在计划管理模块中采用案例推理技术(CBR),设计两次推理过程,建立检测数据与对策源案例的联系,优化养护维修计划制定方法,为铁路线路的管理提供决策支持。     

对建设铁路集装箱物流公共信息平台的探讨

从铁路集装箱物流运输与电子商务应用二者结合的角度出发,阐述铁路集装箱物流公共信息平台建设的意义,分析了目前国内物流公共信息平台的运营情况,提出将铁路集装箱物流中各种环节信息资源纳入统一平台;把海铁联运信息服务、物流SaaS服务、订舱中心服务等作为信息服务的创新产品;在铁路集装箱物流公共平台建设上分步推进等具体策略。     

铁路信息系统安全标准的探讨

分析我国铁路信息系统面临的主要安全威胁,介绍国际和国内重要信息安全标准。针对我国铁路信息系统的特点,提出信息系统安全标准体系框架建议。     

铁路货场生产管理信息系统设计总体方案研究

依据铁路货场生产管理信息系统设计目标和设计原则,设计系统架构、子系统及部署方案。通过各子系统实现客户服务管理、生产组织管理、动态管理、综合管理、系统管理、领导查询和与外部系统接口等功能,提出系统安全保障方案,保证系统的物理环境安全、网络运行安全、信息安全保密。     

基于GIS的区域道路交通安全管理系统研究

基于GIS的道路交通安全管理系统是将GIS、道路信息、交通事故信息及各类处置模型相集成的一个有机的整体。该整体利用GIS的可视性、空间分析能力和交通事故信息及相关资料的连续性、系统性通过相关的处置模型实现对系统所辖区域内各小区的道路安全水平的综合评价、预测,提出相应的区域道路网安全水平改善对策,从而达到提高整个区域道路网安全水平的目的。本文研究了基于GIS的道路安全管理系统的主要功能和对应于各功能的模块组成,提出了系统的建立程序。     

Generalized Maximum Benefit Multiple Chinese Postman Problem

This research is focused on a generalization on the Max Benefit Chinese Postman Problem and the multiple vehicle variant of the Chinese Postman Problem. We call this generalization, the Generalized Maximum Benefit k-Chinese Postman Problem (GB k-CPP). We present a novel Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) formulation for the GB k-CPP. Four different cases of the model are discussed. The first case, performs arc-routing with profits and assumes that the origin and destination for each vehicle is the same for each cycle and is given by the user. The next case relaxes the assumption that the origin and destination for each vehicle should be the same and allows the users to select possible origins/destinations for vehicles. Case three gets the origin for each vehicle as input and produces a solution based on finding the best destination for each vehicle. The last case, that is very general, allows the optimization model to select possibly different locations for vehicle origin and destination, during each cycle. The different cases are applied to a security patrolling case conducted on the network of University of Maryland at College Park campus and the results are compared.     

Formal scientific research of traffic collision data utilizing GIS

This paper explores the tenuous link between speeding behavior and accident causation, one that has not been well established in the international literature to date. Taking advantage of established engineering conventions and formulae, we were able to set up an a priori hypothesis suitable for testing. Utilizing this formal scientific method (which GIS researchers have been criticised for not using) we establish a statistical link for this relationship. Our methodology can be used to support all police intervention strategies, including the controversial photo radar systems. The results from our research have been entered into a GIS in order to create a map for spatial display. This map illustrates the relative probability or risk of collision occurrence resulting from speeding at all intersections and interchanges within the scope of the study. It is suggested that this methodology could easily be maintained with periodic updates of data, thus creating a dynamic model from which to monitor traffic safety within the city. Furthermore, this model can be utilized to study specific strategies, allowing for the scrutiny of before, during and after effects. The study area is the entire city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and includes all traffic collisions occurring during the year of 1994.