环境可持续集装箱班轮运输管理研究综述

集装箱班轮运输业如何在追求成本经济性和服务可靠性的同时做好环境可持续性,对航运企业、港口运营商以及政府组织都提出了新的挑战。围绕集装箱班轮运输在环境层面实现可持续发展的目标,本文分别从战略、战术和运营等3个层面就措施、技术和规章制度等所做的研究进行文献综述、分析发展趋势。战略层面,从市场减排机制和政策的制定、绿色政策、...     

声学多普勒流速仪(ADCP)“旁辨”区数据处理方法的探讨

声学多普勒流速仪(ADCP)是目前世界上最为先进的河流流速流量实时测量设备,文中通过对其“旁辨”区进行讨论,结合实测数据利用线性相关理论求得ADCP“旁辨”区中的流速值。     

活塞组件耦合作用下的气缸套变形特征分析

为评估某V型高强化柴油机气缸套的变形特征,考虑活塞组件的耦合作用,建立气缸套变形分析的有限元分析模型。采用有限元非线性求解方法对气缸套热-机耦合工况下结构变形进行求解,获得气缸套工作状态下的结构变形量,并充分说明在气缸套结构变形分析中考虑活塞组件耦合效应的重要性。分析了缸套结构纵向及不同高度截面变形特点,结果表明,缸盖螺栓预紧载荷和活塞侧向作用力对缸套缸口和活塞上止点处的截面变形影响较大,气缸套中下部截面变形相对较小,主要以椭圆变形为主。     

冷却强度、配对副以及润滑介质对活塞环槽温度限值的影响

在自制的基于摩擦力的活塞环槽温度限值测试装置上,采用火焰加热活塞模拟内燃机燃烧室的燃烧过程,在加热强度一定的条件下,分别研究不同冷却强度、配对副以及润滑介质时缸套-活塞环间的摩擦力随活塞环槽温度的变化。结果发现:活塞环槽温度限值随冷却强度的增大而逐渐提高;CKS环与镀铬缸套配副时比镀铬环以及喷钼环与镀铬缸套配副时活塞环槽温度限值高;SAE15W/40润滑油作为润滑介质时比SAE40,SAE10W/30润滑油作为润滑介质时活塞环槽温度限值高。     

基于CVaR的海运集装箱超订模型

将条件风险价值(CVaR)度量准则应用于集装箱舱位超订的风险管理研究.建立了在CVaR准则下的海运集装箱舱位超订模型,解此模型得到舱位最优超订水平需满足的方程组,并讨论了风险厌恶程度和空箱调运对舱位最优超订水平的影响.分析结果表明,在风险厌恶环境中,集装箱舱位的最优超订水平依赖于需求的分布和风险厌恶程度,不一定小于风险中性时的最优超订水平;与不考虑空箱调运时比较,考虑空箱调运时,最优超订水平会降低.     

气缸套内表面磨损的图像处理检测方法研究

对柴油机内表面磨损的特征和机理进行了研究，对图像边缘提取的经典算法（梯度算子和拉普拉斯算子等）和小波变换算法进行了分析与比较，提出了用图像处理的方法实现气缸套内表面磨损检测的途径．     

Neural network-based fuel consumption estimation for container ships in Korea

ABSTRACT

Due to the outstanding strength of advanced machine-learning techniques, they have become increasingly common in predictive studies in recent years, particularly in predicting ship energy performance. In constructing predictive models, prior studies have mostly employed vessels’ technical parameters to establish machine-learning algorithms. To bridge this research gap and enable wider applications, this paper presents the design of a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP ANN) as a machine-learning technique to estimate ship fuel consumption. We utilized the real operational data from 100–143 container ships to estimate fuel consumption for five different container ships grouped by size. We compared the performance of two ANN models and two multiple-regression models. Four input parameters (sailing time, speed, cargo weight, and capacity) were included in the first ANN and the first regression model, while the other two models only consider two inputs from physical function. The mean absolute percentage error of the ANN models with four inputs was the smallest and less than those in extended statistical models, demonstrating the MLP’s superiority over the statistical model. The MLP ANN model can thus be applied to confirm the effectiveness of the slow-steaming method for achieving energy efficiency.     

一种新型电弧喷涂气缸套的工业化应用及质量检测方法

近年来,随着全球变暖问题日趋严重,各大汽车制造商正在采用各类技术减少发动机油耗及尾气排放。作为减少发动机重量、增强发动机缸体内壁耐磨性能、减少摩擦力的新技术,气缸套热喷涂沉积技术成为了节能减排的重要技术手段。文章首先介绍了气缸套热喷涂技术的原理、加工工序以及几种常用的热喷涂沉积技术,而后引出了对一种新型电弧喷涂气缸套的工业化应用的介绍,进而重点阐述了某品牌汽车发动机制造厂商技术人员对新型电弧喷涂气缸套的质量检测方法。     

Modelling cyclic container freight index using system dynamics

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the cyclical nature of container shipping market represented by a containerized freight index and proposes a predictive cyclical model of the market. In contrast to the traditional spectral analysis (univariate), system dynamics reflect the drivers of the market in both supply and demand side, and therefore, it is a multi-variate system equilibrium approach consisting of various causal spillovers from sub-components of the market. This study is the first to analyze the cycle of container market using system dynamics. By utilizing system dynamics cyclicality approach, one-step ahead predictions are generated for monthly containerized freight index and compared to conventional benchmarks for post-sample validation. Our study can also help policymakers and shipping liners for better management and invest timing of container ship.     

一种双横臂独立悬架动力学模型验证的新方法

利用某轻型客车的CATIA三维设计数模进行运动仿真,得到悬架线刚度,并与试验结果进行对比,验证了运动仿真结果的正确性。在ADAMS/Car中建立了双横臂扭杆弹簧独立悬架动力学模型,进行动力学仿真计算得到悬架的线刚度,并通过与CATIA中运动仿真计算所得的线刚度对比分析,验证了动力学模型的正确性。该方法同样适用于其它类型独立悬架的动力学模型验证。