柴油机气缸盖与气缸套温度场测试系统

以某柴油机气缸盖和气缸套温度场分布规律为研究对象,设计了基于热电偶测温法的温度测试系统,测试时将热电偶铆入被测点,获取了多种工况下气缸盖和气缸套上多个测点的温度变化规律,准确可靠的测试数据为柴油机的设计、改进和验收及可靠性研究提供依据.     

班轮运输船队规划模型与仿真

为提高班轮运输系统的优化配置水平,满足班轮运输组织定期、定时服务的要求,根据班轮多港口挂靠和货物直达运输航线形式的特点,以规划期内船队营运现金流量折现值最大为目标,建立了班轮船队规划混合整数非线性规划模型.针对该模型的特点,设计了拉格朗日松弛启发式混合算法.以某航运公司班轮船队为例进行分析.结果表明:本文提出的启发式算法实现了多航线、多型船、大规模班轮船队规划问题的优化求解,能得到规划期内的航线配船、发船频率及船队建设优化方案.本文建立的模型能综合考虑航线的货流预测、船舶装载率、船舶租入租出等多种影响班轮船队规划的因素,适用于同一航线上配置相同船型的典型班轮运输模式,为班轮船队规划决策提供了支持.     

班轮船舶调度多目标优化模型与蚁群算法

针对班轮船舶调度问题,在将班轮合理配置到各往返航班上和不存在时间冲突的基础上,以最小班轮变动成本、最小航线运载量缺口和最小班轮航次总绝对偏差为目标函数,构造了基于港口时段与往返航班的时空网络,建立了班轮调度的0-1整数规划数学模型。基于某船务公司实际运载数据,利用蚁群算法求解模型,并用邻域搜索技术提高求解效率。计算结果表明:在运载量满足运营要求的前提下,班轮运营的日均总变动成本从198 086.3元降低到170 472.2元,下降了约13.9%;班轮航次数总绝对偏差从4.4次降低到2.4次,下降了约45.5%,班轮利用率更加均衡;运载量缺口仍旧为0。可见,模型可行,算法有效。     

An application of centralized data envelopment analysis in resource allocation in container terminal operations

This paper presents an application of centralized data envelopment analysis (CDEA) to analyse the performance of a number of container terminals supervised by one liner shipping company. It provides a systematic and centralized perspective of resource reallocation based on one company’s perspective. The numerical results show that two of the five dedicated terminals are, by and large, efficient, but the other three need resources to be reallocated. Under the minor adjustment scenario, the liner shipping company should reduce the aggregated amount of the labour cost and the hauling equipment should be transferred to different terminals in America. Under the major adjustment scenario, both the labour and hauling equipment could be reduced.     

变质钨合金铸铁在筑路设备上的应用研究

以钨渣铁合金为主要合金原料制造钨合金铸铁衬板 ,研究了稀土变质处理提高其使用寿命的可能性。研究结果表明 ,钨合金铸铁经适量稀土变质处理后 ,共晶碳化物由网状分布变成断网状分布 ,冲击韧性和耐磨性显著提高 ,变质钨合金铸铁用于制作稳定土搅拌机衬板 ,使用寿命与高铬铸铁和镍硬铸铁相当 ,成本降低 30 %以上     

一种支持外形创新设计的重建模型表达及建模方法

基于几何特征参数化提出了一种支持模型几何外形再设计的重建模型表达和建模方法。首先根据几何特征类型,进行特征数据分割;然后建立特征约束模型,实现对原形的还原;最后再建立不同几何特征的协同变形关系,可对重建模型外形进行再设计。     

我国船用低速大功率柴油机曲轴制造技术的发展

分析了我国造船快速发展对船用低速大功率柴油机曲轴的需求,确定了船用半组合式曲轴开发的必要性,回顾了上海船用曲轴有限公司开发船用曲轴制造技术的过程与经历,并对行业前景作了展望。     

Evaluating economic and environmental value of liner vessel sharing along the maritime silk road

The Belt and Road initiative is a novel exploration of China towards strategic collaboration with Eurasia countries to an extent of a larger scale with higher and deeper level of cooperation. To meet the growing global demand of transportation, increasing numbers of liner shipping companies collaborate and form alliances to share vessel capacity and reduce capital costs. Effective liner shipping vessel sharing is essential for the Belt and Road initiative in terms of building efficient maritime transport networks. In promoting environmental development, shipping companies are required to attain higher environmental standards. However, limited literature relates vessel sharing to environmental performance. This paper studies the impacts of liner vessel sharing from the economic and environmental perspectives. Two container allocation models are developed for the two scenarios: with and without vessel sharing. The carbon emissions in transportation are calculated under both scenarios. Numerical studies are carried out using services along the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic (CIPE) Corridor. Liner shipping companies could benefit from vessel sharing in terms of significant profit improvement. Vessel sharing could also benefit the environment by reducing the CO₂ emissions dramatically.     

An equilibrium-based network model for international container flows

The liner shipping industry is a highly complex system and is extremely sensitive to rapid changes in the environment. To facilitate decision-making in response to endogenous and exogenous shocks, this research develops a strategic network model based on equilibrium principles to analyze the international marine liner shipping network according to port charge, congestion level at the port, and load factor of the ship and estimates the possible container flows under different scenarios in the long run. The distribution model of container flows is extended from Beckmann's transformation. To calibrate the parameters employed in the model so that it offers greater fidelity in predicting container flows, we devise a descent direction-based heuristic. The proposed framework is empirically applied to various scenarios to validate the model and predict the flow pattern after significant events. By identifying these events’ potential impact on the maritime network, the presented model can help relevant stakeholders reduce uncertainty when shaping maritime policies so that they can seize opportunities to increase their competitiveness and maintain their advantage in the maritime market.