Container liner fleet deployment: A systematic overview

Container liner fleet deployment (CLFD) is the assignment of containerships to port rotations (ship routes) for efficient transport of containers. As liner shipping services have fixed schedules, the ship-related operating cost is determined at the CLFD stage. This paper provides a critical review of existing mathematical models developed for the CLFD problems. It first gives a systematic overview of the fundamental assumptions used by the existing CLFD models. The operating characteristics dealt with in existing studies are then examined, including container transshipment and routing, uncertain demand, empty container repositioning, ship sailing speed optimization and ship repositioning. Finally, this paper points out four important future research opportunities: fleet deployment considering ship surveys and inspections, service dependent demand, pollutant emissions, and CLFD for shipping alliances.     

Port system evolution – the emergence of second-tier hubs

Some evidence has emerged of second-tier hubs inserting themselves between hubs and feeder ports, producing a new hierarchy of port networks. This article aims to establish the dynamics of this process based on illustrative cases in Asia, South America, and Europe. Findings reveal spatial factors to include a cluster of small ports with minimal sailing distance within a given range, suitable channel and berth depth, and ideally high capacity inland links. From the economic perspective, demand-side factors include a local captive market and aggregated demand to be captured from other ports, while supply-side factors include diseconomies of scale at traditional hubs, an increase in direct services, an increase in large feeder vessels calling from first-tier hubs which are then transhipped to smaller feeders for serving local ports, and an increase in overland servicing of local smaller ports. From a strategic perspective, vertical and horizontal integration in the shipping sector has produced extensive network economies, whereby shipping lines look to create group-specific port hierarchies, enhanced in the presence of aggressive management strategies and supportive policies. This finding suggests that proactive port stakeholders can in certain circumstances seize the opportunity to capture this role within their port range.     

国际箱运班轮公司战略收购的博弈分析——马士基收购P＆O为例

通过背景分析引出马士基收购铁行渣华案例，从博弈理论角度阐述了马士基公司的收购战略意图，警示相关行业应引起足够的重视。     

汽车企业研发项目预算审核与管理方法

研发项目预算在汽车企业的整体战略规划中占有十分重要的地位,是财务管理的重要组成部分。充分发挥研发项目预算管理方面的作用,对全面合理地运用企业技术资源,有效降低企业运营的资金及管理风险有积极作用。文章针对研发项目预算的属性,详细阐述了研发项目预算审核需关注的几个关键点。结合预算执行中出现偏差的情况,提出预算创新管理方法,时有效贯彻研发目标、合理调配技术资源和提高研发项目预算的执行率,具有实践和指导意义。     

气缸套装配变形的 Fourier分析与仿真

采用V‐Incometer系统测量了某柴油机湿式气缸套在自由状态和预紧安装条件下的装配变形,对测试数据进行Fourier变换分析,获得了该湿式气缸套径向变形的基本规律,给出了由于机械加工和热处理等因素造成的气缸套初始变形对气缸套装配变形的影响规律,并结合有限元计算探讨了气缸盖整体刚度和螺栓预紧力等因素对气缸套装配变形的影响。     

金枪鱼延绳钓船机电混合动力推进系统应用研究

作为一种新型推进方式,机电混合动力推进系统具有调速范围广、驱动力大、正反转易控、体积小、布局灵活、安装维修方便、振动和噪音小等优点。金枪鱼延绳钓船正常航行与作业航行时的航速不同,高航速航行时,使用柴油机推进系统;低航速钓鱼作业时,使用电力推进系统,柴电推进系统相互切换,相互联锁。经过实船测试,机电混合动力推进系统比柴油机推进省油约25%;前者可以提高金枪鱼船推进系统冗余度,提高船舶放钓、收钓作业工况下的操纵灵活性,大幅度提高船舶操纵性和综合推进效率,提高了船舶经济性与环保节能性,具有广阔的应用推广前景。     

浅析新时期高等职业教育集团发展的新思路

高等职业教育集团建设可以促进地方经济发展和职业教育事业跨越式发展。应准确把握高等职业教育集团建设的内涵,政府支持,企业参与,创新务实,以推动当前高等职业教育集团的建设与发展。     

气缸套的离子氮化技术分析

本文应用钢铁件离子氮化的理论及生产实践经验,遵照国家离子氮化行业标准的有关要求,阐明了气缸套离子氮化的原理、过程、工艺和特点;分析了本厂气缸套离：产氮化的工艺流程及操作要点。     

G03气缸套离心铸造云斑偏析的质量放行标准的实践

云斑偏析是离心铸造气缸套常见的铸造缺陷,国家专业标准中对其进行了严格的等级分类。本文在参照相关专业技术标准的基础上,结合本人多年的工作经验,以G03气缸套为例,提出了该型气缸套云斑偏析缺陷质量验收的控制标准,给离心铸造气缸套质量验收提供更科学、更严密、更实际的依据。     

用科学发展观引领企业安全文化

企业安全文化是贯彻落实科学发展观的内在要求,是构建社会主义和谐社会的主要内容,是坚持以人为本、和谐发展、安全发展、持续发展的体现。论述了如何运用科学发展观引领企业安全文化。