VTS船舶分级管理探讨

我国现有的VTS监管模式不利于船舶交通管理质量和效率的提高。文章综合考虑船舶航行风险和社会影响因素,运用层次分析法构建了VTS船舶重要度评价模型。在运用模型对VTS水域内的船舶进行分级的基础上,提出相应的船舶交通管理对策。     

可视化交互式船舶交通系统仿真

加强船舶交通管理,保障船舶交通安全,必须对船舶交通系统有全面了解,本文对可视化交互式船舶交通系统仿真进行了介绍,提出了船舶交通系统仿具体的步骤和要求。     

安装参数影响散热器模块性能的风洞研究

为解决车辆冷却系统中多散热器模块的匹配问题,在风洞试验台上研究了间距和热介质进出口位置对某散热器模块性能的影响。试验散热器模块的第1排为中冷器和液压油冷却器,第2排为冷却水箱,第3排是变矩器油冷器。试验结果表明,增大间距可以提高散热器模块总的散热量,但对模块中单个散热器的影响差异很大;调换散热进出口位置有利于提高散热器的换热性能;调整以上两结构参数对模块的总压差影响不大。     

浮式风机TLP平台运输方法

介绍了浮式风机的三种基础结构型式,重点对TLP平台干拖和湿拖两种拖航运输方案进行探讨,提出了适用于浮式风机TLP平台的装船、运输、安装一体船的运输方法。     

Strain rate sensitive steel constitutive models for finite element analysis of vessel-structure impacts

Civil infrastructure systems such as bridge piers, navigational guide walls, and protection structures that are located near navigable waterways are inherently at risk for being impacted by cargo vessels such as barges and ships. To safely design such systems to possess adequate vessel impact resistance, structural loads associated with potential vessel-structure collision conditions must be quantified in a conservative manner. While high-resolution finite element impact simulations may be employed to compute such loads, care must be exercised in defining the material characteristics of the vessel if conservative structural design loads are to be obtained. Importantly, constitutive relationships assigned to steel components in the vessel model must be capable of accounting for strain rate sensitivities and large-scale plastic deformations.In the present study, strain rate sensitive constitutive models were developed for two types of steel commonly utilized in marine construction in the United States—ASTM A36 and ASTM A1011. Tension tests were conducted over a wide range of strain rates (7.00 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ – 250 s⁻¹) spanning from quasi-static to intermediate and high rates that are typically associated with vessel-structure impact events. A novel testing apparatus—employing an impact pendulum as an energy supply mechanism—was designed for this study to conduct intermediate to high-rate material testing. Features of the apparatus, discussed in this paper, overcome key problems encountered in other studies that have employed impact loading for tensile material testing. From the testing program, representative stress–strain relations and Cowper–Symonds strain rate sensitivity parameters were developed for the materials tested. Rate sensitivities of the two steel grades tested were found to be very similar to each other. Additionally, rate sensitivities from the present study agreed well with ultimate stress data measured in past studies of mild steel, but were found to be less rate-sensitive than yield stress data measured in past studies.     

大型重载船舶在受限水域操纵中若干问题探讨

大型重载船舶航行在受限水域,不仅缩小了可航水道的宽度,并且富余水深小,浅水效应与岸壁效应明显,增大了操纵难度.此文结合水深、航道宽度等影响因素,阐述了大型重载船舶港内受限水域操纵中,对于船位控制、过弯操纵以及拖轮应急制动等方面的特殊要求,并结合船舶操纵实际,提出在受限水域中的安全操纵要领及注意事项.     

北京地铁复式交分道岔转换设备安装与调试

本文针对复式交分道岔转换设备中双转辙器部分杆件多、安装烦琐、调试复杂的特点，结合工程施工经验，详细介绍了安装与调试的方法。     

A simplified method to efficiently design steel fenders subjected to vessel head-on collisions

Steel fenders have been widely used to protect bridges from vessel collisions because of their relatively large plastic deformability and energy dissipation capacity. In the design of a steel fender, detailed finite element (FE) models are usually employed. However, detailed FE analysis involves complicated modeling and substantial computation time. This method is often not applicable, particularly during preliminary design iterations. For this reason, a simplified analytical method was developed in this paper with the aim to efficiently design steel fenders under vessel collisions. For primary individual members of steel fenders, the deformation mechanisms and models as well as participations during various collision scenarios were discussed in detail. By combining the contributions of primary members, a general analytical procedure was presented to rapidly estimate the force-deformation relationship of steel fenders under various bow impacts. For the fixed and floating steel fenders, several collision scenarios were simulated by FE models to verify the accuracy of the developed analytical method. The crushing resistances and energy dissipation capacities estimated by the developed analytical method were in good agreement with those obtained from the FE simulations. Based on the analytical method, an energy-based design approach was proposed for the efficient design of steel fenders. The developed design approach was demonstrated to be capable of predicting the crush depth and peak impact force of a steel fender with good accuracy.     

升力鳍伺服系统非定常水动力特性的研究

重点研究了升力鳍升力及转矩与鳍角的非定常水动力特性。通过对鳍升力和转矩的非定常水动力特性试验数据的分析,提出了升力鳍系统的鳍角与升力的换算关系应建立在非定常水动力的基础上。以Theodorsen理论为基础,利用水动力试验数据,修正了基于Theodorsen理论的计算升力系数的公式,提出了修正的升力转矩非定常水动力的数学模型,经实例计算仿真结果与水池试验结果比较,验证了该数学模型的正确性。利用该数学模型直接计算升力,可以省去复杂的、可靠性低、误差大的升力测量装置及复杂的升力计算。该研究也进一步充实了升力鳍非定常水动力特性的理论研究,解决了升力计算的问题。     

台湾海峡船舶交通流的调查与分析

采用雷达观测方法获取台湾海峡船舶交通实况,应用自行开发的基于电子海图的观测数据与分析软件进行数据处理,分析台湾海峡船舶交通流分布,建立交通流模型,揭示台湾海峡船舶交通流特点和潜在危险。其调查与分析结果为实施台湾海峡船舶交通管理措施提供科学依据。