Sectoral and Territorial Cooperation in the European Demonstration Programme on ICZM

The search for integration among economic sectors and territorial administrations has become one of the defining features of coastal management initiatives in recent years. A wide range of ideal dimensions to integration has been described in the literature, with two common elements being horizontal and vertical integration involving, among others, the wide range of administrative actors in the coastal zone. Examination of the European demonstration projects in ICZM suggests that integration efforts on the ground start more modestly, with efforts to engage a range of different formal and informal stakeholders in a cooperative process aimed toward development of a set of common goals and a strategy for the coast. While institutional contexts vary greatly between different countries within Europe, in most countries integration between sectoral and territorial planning is not possible within a single administrative level. However, the direct involvement in local ICZM initiatives of key actors from central administrations is often impracticable. This article suggests actions could be taken at more central levels of government in order to simplify the institutional context in which local ICZM is developed.     

The Prince Edward Islands pelagic ecosystem, south Indian Ocean: a review of achievements, 1976–1990

This review summarizes the main research findings of the multi-year oceanographic and biological studies conducted in the vicinity of the Prince Edward Archipelago during the period 1976 to 1990. The Prince Edward Islands represent a flow-through system on the mainstream of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Although there are no taxonomic differences between the pelagic communities of the upstream, inter-island and downstream regions, these mesoscale subsystems may operate differently. The mesoscale oceanographic and biological processes appear to be affected by the position of the Subantarctic Front (SAF) in the vicinity of the islands. Both the rich benthic community, which is supported by the local enhancement of primary production, and the strong advection of zooplankton/micronekton from the upstream region provide the food resources necessary for the survival of the huge community of land-based predators present on the islands. Collectively this is termed the ‘life-support system'. Future studies should concentrate on the meridional shifts in the position of the SAF and its influence on background productivity upstream and downstream of the Prince Edward Archipelago.     

南海岛礁火力打击作战目标选择模型

为了满足体系作战要求,结合南海岛礁火力打击作战的特点和实际,将岛礁群构成的目标体系抽象为网络,利用系统优势函数和网络效能评估目标体系的整体作战能力,以最大程度地降低整体作战能力为目标,建立目标选择模型,设计模型的求解算法.通过实例分析,得到了最优目标选择方案,验证模型和算法的有效性.研究成果解决了目标体系的目标选择问题,具有较大的应用价值和军事意义.