模拟计算法在重型车辆燃油经济性标准中的应用研究

随着节能减排压力的日益严重,世界各国均开始制定重型车辆的燃油经济性标准。在对重型车燃油经济性的测量方面,模拟计算法由于操作简单、可重复性好、成本低的优点越来越受到行业的重视,在日本、中国和美国的标准中都得到了应用。本文在分析模拟计算法测量车辆燃油经济性的原理基础上,对比研究了日本、中国和美国标准中模拟计算法的应用情况,分析了各国在模拟计算法关键环节上策略的异同。     

Simulation on progressive collapse behaviour of whole ship model under extreme waves using idealized structural unit method

To ensure the safety of navigating ship, working loads and structural load-carrying capacity are two important aspects. In the present paper, a total simulation system combing load calculation and structural collapse analysis is applied to simulate progressive collapse behaviour of a single-hull Kamsarmax type bulk carrier. A three dimensional singularity distribution method is adopted to calculate pressure distribution with time history. A mixed structural model, collapse part simulated by ISUM elements and remaining part by elastic FEM elements with relative coarse mesh, is proposed for collapse analysis. Progressive collapse behaviour obtained by ISUM is good agreement with that by nonlinear software package, MARC. However, the calculation time of ISUM analysis is about 1/70 of MARC analysis. The applicability to structure system, high accuracy and sufficient efficiency of ISUM had been demonstrated.     

运梁河特大桥转体梁不平衡重称重试验分析

哈大客专运粮河特大桥跨既有线连续梁采用平转法施工,为确保转体顺利进行,转体前进行了T构不平衡重试验分析,文中介绍了一种转体构件不平衡重的测试方法和应用过程。结果表明,方法有效可行,可供同类工程借鉴。     

Development and calibration of a long-distance passenger traffic assignment model

This paper studies the assignment of long-distance passenger traffic on a highway corridor network. First, we propose a traditional model for the long-distance traffic assignment considering interactions with local commuter traffic. It addresses the effect of local networks on highway corridors. An iterative algorithm is developed to solve for the exact solution. Then, to address the potential computational issues that arise therein, a decomposition method is proposed by introducing a new concept of corridor elasticity. An assignment procedure for long-distance passenger traffic is developed accordingly. Numerical tests show that the proposed decomposition method makes significant improvements in computational performance at a small loss of optimality. This decomposition method well approximates the exact assignment from the traditional formulation, especially when the highway corridors are near-saturation. The proposed decomposition method appears practical for application.     

Catenary riser sliding and rolling on seabed during induced lateral movement

Catenary risers have an interaction zone with the seabed, usually referenced as flowline. Movements in this region can be induced by sea currents and large offsets in floating unit, leading to touchdown position changes and affecting internal loads along riser length. In this work the contact flowline-seabed is modeled including sliding and rolling friction. Case studies involving large offsets in floating unit and lateral sea currents are solved to better understand the consequences of possible rolling and large sliding. The riser is modeled using a geometrically-exact finite element beam model. The contact is addressed with a new technique to include rotation movements from underlying beam models. This leads to global riser models including complex kinematics, being able to represent scenarios with alternating sliding/rolling and its consequences on internal loads of riser structure. A parametric study is performed to measure the influence of the friction coefficient in tension and torsion along typical flexible pipe and steel pipe catenary risers.     

基于应力波反射法的桥梁竖向预应力筋管道注浆效果检测

文章结合某连续刚构桥,通过分析应力波反射法的检测原理,试将该检测方法用于桥梁竖向预应力筋波纹管注浆效果的评价,结果表明采用该方法检测桥梁单根预应力筋管道注浆密实度是一种高效、便捷、经济的检测方法。     

“穷举法”在油船货油舱分舱优化设计中的应用

为实现油船货油舱分舱优化,以一艘大型油船为例,根据MARPOL公约和共同结构规范(HCSR)的要求,在主尺度、船型和货油舱总舱容确定的情况下,以最小静水弯矩为优化目标,基于"穷举法"编制优化货油舱横舱壁位置的应用程序。实际应用结果表明,该程序可运用到油船的分舱优化中,能达到快速、合理地分舱,提高设计效率的目的。     

软弱富水地层浅埋暗挖隧道地表沉降和支护结构受力的模型试验

以莞惠城际轨道交通工程项目GZH-5标段中DK32+300~DK32+927.303段为背景,通过2组模型试验,其中一组无超前注浆,另一组进行超前注浆,研究软弱富水地层浅埋暗挖隧道地表沉降和支护结构受力规律及超前注浆对其受力变形造成的影响,最后,针对软弱富水地层浅埋暗挖隧道施工,提出几点隧道工程设计和施工的相关建议。     

轨道交通预制U形梁力学性能研究

以青岛蓝色硅谷城际轨道交通高架桥预制U形梁为工程背景,运用有限元方法对比分析先张法和后张法预制U形梁内力、应力状态及变形3方面的力学性能。对先张法和后张法U形梁进行静载试验,详细分析试验荷载下U形梁的刚度及抗裂性等指标。结果表明,先张法预应力U形梁力学性能优越,具有推广应用潜力。