基于CATIA平台的三维集装箱导轨设计

在集装箱导轨设计中,存在着导轨需要安装的结构剖面多,不同剖面中连接肘板布置复杂,连接肘板种类繁多,重量统计繁琐等问题。该文基于计算机辅助三维交互应用(CATIA)平台,提出一种集装箱导轨的三维设计方法,利用CATIA的知识工程、参数化设计、统一装配等功能,有效提升了设计效率,使设计更加智能化,降低了后期修改工作量。     

基于OpenGL的三维河床地形实时可视化技术研究与实现

讨论了实现三维河床地形可视化的相关理论、技术和算法,详细介绍了以V isua l C 6.0为平台,利用O penGL基本函数编程技术开发三维河床地形可视化实时浏览系统的具体过程,为河床演变分析提供了一个科学有效、简便直观的可视化分析途径。     

点云技术在散货专业煤码头三维可视化中的应用

为了实现安全、可靠、真实的三维煤码头监控,通过GENESIS64软件平台导入3D建模,实现三维场景的展示。3D煤堆由先进的激光点云技术,产生海量测量点,使用点云灰度算法处理,再通过C#点云生成灰度图,在GENESIS64中生成真实的立体堆场画面。     

Environmental and transport effects of warehouse relocationing: evidence from Norway

Reducing traffic volumes and CO2-emissions from freight transport has proven difficult in many countries. Although the increasing suburbanization of warehouses is seen as a relevant land use trend, comprehensive analyses of their impact remain scarce. This study uses real data in modeling transport, costs, environmental and modal effects from warehouse relocations around Oslo and Trondheim (Norway). Results indicate that for Oslo, traffic performance (ton-km), CO2-emissions, and transport costs increase following warehouse suburbanization. For Trondheim, transport performance and CO2-emissions increase less, while transport costs decrease marginally. We conclude that specific case characteristics (geography and trade patterns) are important in determining the strength and direction of effects, and expect that common concomitant developments (warehouse centralization and consolidation) would lead to more pronounced results. Our findings confirm some, but challenge other, findings from the relatively scarcely literature available. Finally, the study's more general insights and observations can help advance similar analyses beyond Norway.     

Validating and improving public transport origin–destination estimation algorithm using smart card fare data

Smart card data are increasingly used for transit network planning, passengers’ behaviour analysis and network demand forecasting. Public transport origin–destination (O–D) estimation is a significant product of processing smart card data. In recent years, various O–D estimation methods using the trip-chaining approach have attracted much attention from both researchers and practitioners. However, the validity of these estimation methods has not been extensively investigated. This is mainly because these datasets usually lack data about passengers’ alighting, as passengers are often required to tap their smart cards only when boarding a public transport service. Thus, this paper has two main objectives. First, the paper reports on the implementation and validation of the existing O–D estimation method using the unique smart card dataset of the South-East Queensland public transport network which includes data on both boarding stops and alighting stops. Second, the paper improves the O–D estimation algorithm and empirically examines these improvements, relying on this unique dataset. The evaluation of the last destination assumption of the trip-chaining method shows a significant negative impact on the matching results of the differences between actual boarding/alighting times and the public transport schedules. The proposed changes to the algorithm improve the average distance between the actual and estimated alighting stops, as this distance is reduced from 806 m using the original algorithm to 530 m after applying the suggested improvements.     

Congestion tolling in the bottleneck model with heterogeneous values of time

When analysing the effects of transport policies it is important to adequately control for heterogeneity: previous studies note that ignoring heterogeneity biases the estimated welfare effects of tolling. This paper examines the effects of tolling, in a bottleneck model, with a continuously distributed value of time. With homogeneous users, first-best public tolling has no effect on prices. With heterogeneity it does: low values of time lose, and high values of time gain. The average congestion externality decreases with the heterogeneity in the value of time. Consequently, the welfare gain of first-best tolling also decreases. The more heterogeneous the value of time is, the lower the relative efficiency of a public pay-lane. This finding contrasts with the previous literature. Earlier studies, using static flow congestion, conclude that the relative efficiency increases with this type of heterogeneity. With more heterogeneity in the value of time, the relative efficiency of a private pay-lane is also lower, while that of a public time-invariant toll is higher. Our results suggest that the welfare gains of different tolling schemes are affected differently by heterogeneity. Further, the impact of heterogeneity on the effects of a policy also depends on the type of congestion considered.     

机械复合管在海底管道中的应用

原油、湿气含有CO2或H2S是造成海底管道内腐蚀失效的主要原因之一。机械复合管作为一种新型管材,可以有效解决CO2或H2S造成的内腐蚀问题,在国际上得到了广泛应用,但其在国内油气田开发海底管道中,尚无应用先例。文中介绍了机械复合管的制造原理、设计制造规范、用作海底管道的技术要求、海上安装技术特点以及应用前景。文中研究了机械复合管在海底管道中应用对设计制造和安装技术的要求,以推动其在国内油气田开发海底管道中的应用。     

基于JTG D62-2004的裂缝计算软件开发

介绍了采用VB编制的裂缝计算软件,弥补了大型有限元计算程序的不足,紧密联系规范,界面友好,能适用多种计算工况.     

温度应力对既有混凝土连续箱梁桥开裂的影响分析

采用三维空间实体单元，在分析连续箱梁桥温度应力分布规律的基础上，研究了温度梯度、箱梁的肋板与顶板刚度比以及跨径比等参数变化对温度应力的影响，并分析比较了按《公路桥涵设计通用规范》JTJ021-89版和JTG D60-2004版计算的温度应力。结果表明，在JTG D60-2004版温度梯度荷载作用下，箱梁顶板上下缘产生较大的横向拉应力，顶底板上下缘产生较大的纵向拉应力，产生较大温度应力处与实桥出现裂缝的部位基本吻合，从中揭示了温度应力对既有混凝土连续箱梁桥开裂的影响。     

从淘宝网看我国C2C的发展

电子商务已成为一种主流购物方式,而以淘宝网为代表的C2C市场也呈现一片发展的大好势头,免费牌、支付工具等使得我国C2C市场茁壮成长,但是物流、诚信问题等依然存在。只有给客户提供良好的购物环境的网站,才能赢得客户和C2C市场。