Efficient optimization design method of jacket structures for offshore wind turbines

With the gradual implementation of offshore wind energy production, the future tendency is to expand into the deeper water. The jacket foundations will take the place of the present monopile foundations when the water depth increases. The foundations account for the majority of the construction cost for offshore wind farms, and the structural optimization of jackets will bring lucrative economic benefits. Structural optimization is a complex iterative process that requires huge computing costs. Therefore, this paper proposes a structural optimization method based on surrogate models to solve this problem effectively and swiftly obtain optimized design schemes of lightweight jackets for offshore wind turbines. The structural responses of jacket wind turbine systems under the equivalent static extreme loads with a recurrence period of 50 years are mainly considered in structural optimization design, and the key optimization variables of jackets are determined by parameter sensitivity analysis. The finite element models of jackets are transformed into surrogate models, and the genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the surrogate models directly. The optimized jackets are additionally verified through coupled dynamic analysis, besides, buckling strength and fatigue life are also checked. And local refined optimizations are carried out for the failure members. According to the optimized design schemes of lightweight jackets for 30 m, 50 m and 70 m water depths, it is demonstrated that the structural optimization design method is adequate and efficient for jackets of wind turbines. Parameter sensitivity analysis can cut the number of optimization variables in half to improve the optimization efficiency. Furthermore, the application of surrogate models can significantly speed up the optimization process by saving about 98.61% of the original time consumed. The optimization design method of the jackets for offshore wind turbines proposed in this paper is suitable for practical engineering, with high precision and efficiency.     

城市桥梁预制装配式下部结构选型及设计

采用工业化模式可提高桥梁建造效率,具有经济性及环保性能优势,在我国取得长足发展.以G312(南京绕城高速—仙隐北路段)改扩建工程为背景,开展城市建造背景下的桥梁预制装配式下部结构的选型及设计方法研究.通过对性能需求及运输条件的考量,选取了以大挑臂倒T型半隐式盖梁为代表性的系列装配式下部结构,确定了高度、宽度及牛腿宽度参...     

8度地震区连续梁桥下部结构抗震设计研究

现行《公路桥梁抗震设计细则》引入了二级设防的概念,细化了弹性及弹塑性理论在抗震设计上的应用,增加了桥梁延性抗震设计和抗震分析建模原则的规定;桥梁震害以下部结构最为严重。该文分析列举了桥梁下部结构震害的几种类型,并针对这些震害,以反应谱理论为基础,以国道211线某立交枢纽工程为例,利用MIDAS有限元程序对8度区常规连续梁桥下部结构建模分析。     

Feasibility of modal expansion for virtual sensing in offshore wind jacket substructures

The present paper investigates the feasibility of modal expansion-based virtual sensing in the context of offshore wind jacket substructures. For this specific application, issues have been reported when expanding wind-driven brace vibrations and wave-driven vibrations in the splash-zone based on a sensor network placed solely above the sea level. These limitations are addressed in this paper by extending the sensor network with sub-sea vibration sensors and a wave radar sensor, which allow for capturing local brace vibration modes and the wave-driven vibration response. The brace expansion is thus improved by including the local brace vibration modes in the expansion basis, while the representation of wave-driven vibrations is improved by including load-dependent Ritz vectors computed based on input from the wave radar sensor. The merit of the proposed extension is explored using a numerical model of an offshore wind turbine supported by a jacket substructure in a simulation setting with different operational and environmental conditions. It is documented that the extended setup provides an improvement in the expansion-based estimation of both wind- and wave-driven vibrations. The former improvement is particularly relevant for operational cases, while the latter is relevant for idling cases. Despite the documented improvements, a systematic reduction in the expansion quality is observed for higher wind speeds in operational cases for both the basic and the extended setup. It is contended that this phenomenon is due to the operational variability of the controller, which violates the fundamental assumption of the structural system being linear and time-invariant.     

某起重船扒杆结构强度分析与研究

文章以某起重船为例,依据"船舶与海上设施起重规范"要求,利用MSC.Patran软件建立有限元模型,计算不同工况下该船千斤柱和扒杆底座结构的局部强度分析,校核该船局部结构是否满足规范要求,为起重船结构强度的检验提供了借鉴。     

桩板复合地基对高速铁路路基沉降影响分析

以沪宁城际铁路客运专线为背景,在实测数据的基础上,通过预测计算分析,证明了桩板复合地基能有效地降低高速铁路无砟轨道路基结构的沉降,使其工后沉降量满足扣件的调整需要和线路竖曲线圆顺的要求,为正在建设的客运专线提供技术支持。     

船舶撞击后导管架安全性评估修复的方法探讨

依托项目实例,以实测凹陷值来还原撞击荷载,进而对导管架进行剩余强度评估和其它部位的损伤筛查,给出导管架海上维修方案,结合对平台的整体安全性评估结果,给出修复方法和后期监测方案。     

基于子结构法的重载凹底平车底架的固有动态特征分析

基于有限元分析,本文研究重载凹底平车底架弹性体的振动模态以及模态阶数的选取对车辆系统动态响应的影响。通过引入超单元,建立弹性体在模态坐标上的动力学方程,经过坐标变换得到物理坐标系上的方程;建立凹底架的有限元分析模型,计算分析其固有动态特征;同时,采用子结构法缩减处理凹底架有限元模型,建立有动态特征的凹底架弹性体模型,使描述凹底架的自由度总数减少,同时也保证计算的精度。对凹底架子结构超单元模型,计算分析振动模态,并与其有限元模型的模态结果进行比较。结果表明:子结构法的计算精度高,能满足车辆系统结构振动响应分析的要求。通过计算凹底架模态阶数对车辆系统动态响应的影响,得出选取凹底架的前8阶模态是合适的,有足够高的计算精度。     

改进组合型微型钢管桩在高速公路灾害处冶设计中的应用

高速公路作为国家或区域内的干线快速通道,是区域物资、人员转移的主要运输通道,保畅通行至关重要,道路病害的处治通常要求做到快速高效,永临结合,最大限度降低对交通的影响。十堰至天水国家高速公路甘肃段徽县（大石碑）至天水公路横岭山段出现路基滑塌后,为快速修复滑塌路段,保畅通行,将多用于临时加固工程的微型钢管桩改良后与永久支护工程相结合,取得了临时保通与耐久畅通的双重功效。