Filling up gaps in wave data with genetic programming

A given time series of significant wave heights invariably contains smaller or larger gaps or missing values due to a variety of reasons ranging from instrument failures to loss of recorders following human interference. In-filling of missing information is widely reported and well documented for variables like rainfall and river flow, but not for the wave height observations made by rider buoys. This paper attempts to tackle this problem through one of the latest soft computing tools, namely, genetic programming (GP). The missing information in hourly significant wave height observations at one of the data buoy stations maintained by the US National Data Buoy Center is filled up by developing GP models through spatial correlations. The gap lengths of different orders are artificially created and filled up by appropriate GP programs. The results are also compared with those derived using artificial neural networks (ANN). In general, it is found that the in-filling done by GP rivals that by ANN and many times becomes more satisfactory, especially when the gap lengths are smaller. Although the accuracy involved reduces as the amount of gap increases, the missing values for a long duration of a month or so can be filled up with a maximum average error up to 0.21 m in the high seas.     

Effect of wave boundary layer on sea-to-air dimethylsulfide transfer velocity during typhoon passage

A full-spectral third-generation ocean wind–wave model (Wavewatch-III) implemented in the South China Sea is used to investigate the effects of the wave boundary layer on the drag coefficient and the sea-to-air transfer velocity of dimethylsulfide (DMS) during passage of Typhoon Wukong (September 5–11, 2000) with a maximum sustained wind speed of 38 m s^− 1. The model is driven by the reanalyzed surface winds (1° × 1°, four times daily) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It is found that the wave boundary layer evidently enhances (16.5%) the drag coefficient (in turn increases the momentum flux across the air–sea interface), and reduces (13.1%) the sea-to-air DMS transfer velocity (in turn decreases the sea-to-air DMS flux). This indicates the possibility of important roles of wave boundary layer in atmospheric DMS contents and global climate system.     

Spectral signature of wave breaking in surface wave components of intermediate-length scale

This paper investigates the length scale of ocean surface breaking waves in the spectral range of intermediate wavelength components a few centimeters to a few meters long. The spectral properties of wave breaking are examined first with the dissipation function of the wave action density conservation equation. The analysis reveals a strong breaking signature in wave components between 0.15 and 1.5 m long in the form of a quasi-singular behavior of the dissipation function using the present formulation of the wind-generation and breaking dissipation functions. Independent studies of more-direct breaking observations of radar tracking of sea spikes in the past have shown close correlation between sea spikes and scatterers traveling at the speed of surface waves a few meters long and much shorter than the dominant wavelength. This feature of sea-spike properties is consistent with the breaking signature of the dissipation function in similar wavelengths. The intermediate-scale waves are the primary contributor of the ocean surface mean-square slope. The close correlation between the gas transfer rate and the mean-square slope has been demonstrated repeatedly. A better understanding of the wave dynamics of intermediate-scale waves is important for clarification of various gas transfer mechanisms.     

穿浪双体船的船型优化

以计算线性兴波阻力的切比雪夫多项式法为基础 ,以片体水下横剖面面积曲线作为优化目标 ,用变分法对穿浪船WPC××进行船型优化 ,通过逐次增加几何约束数目 ,得到了在较高速度下 (Fn =0 .4 )实用的优化横剖面面积曲线 ,并用切比雪夫多项式法计算优化后的片体兴波阻力 ,经比较可以看出优化的横剖面取得较好的降阻效果。     

基于Matlab的AUV近水面运动模型的建立与仿真

该文运用矢量方法对自主式水下航行器(AUV)近水面的六自由度运动方程进行了推导，得到了一个适于在Matlab环境中仿真的高度矢量化的空间运动模型，并用在Matlab的仿真工具箱Simulink中建立的AUV近水面的六自由度运动仿真模块对AUV的近水面运动进行了仿真，在此基础上分析了波浪力对AUV的影响。该模型的建立和仿真为AUV近水面的稳定性分析和控制系统的设计提供了便利的工具。     

闭环电喷系统中的氧传感器波形分析(1)

在电喷摩托车发动机进入闭环控制工况时,ECM将根据氧传感器的电压信号来修正喷油脉宽,使混合气浓度保持在理论空燃比附近。借助发动机数据分析系统对各工况下的氧传感器波形进行分析判断,有助于快速检测出电喷系统中是否存在影响尾气排放的空燃比反馈故障。同时对于完成故障维修的车辆,通过氧传感器波形分析可以验证出维修是否有效,故障是否彻底排除。使车辆在日常使用中的尾气排放也能达到一个良好的状态。     

Virtual hull monitoring of a naval vessel using hindcast data and reconstructed 2-D wave spectra

A novel virtual hull monitoring approach is assessed using full-scale measurements from a naval vessel trial to address two questions. First: Can this technique accurately reproduce stress spectra from measured strains? Second: Are responses calculated using reconstructed two-dimensional wave spectra from hindcast data more accurate than those using simpler wave representations? Stresses calculated using wave hindcast data, ship track information, and stress transfer functions compare favorably to those derived from strain gauge measurements at five structural locations. Wave conditions are represented using a spectrum model along with bulk spectral parameters (significant wave height, peak period, and primary direction) from hindcast datasets and by reconstructing two-dimensional spectra from hindcast partition data. Both approaches give good agreement with strain measurements but using the more-detailed reconstructed two-dimensional wave spectra yields better results. Results suggest that wave hindcast data are sufficient for accurate structural calculations, encouraging further study of virtual hull monitoring using wave hindcast data.     

小水线面双体船在波浪中的水动力计算

采用直接边界元法,利用三维移动脉动源格林函数计算小水线面双体船在波浪中的水动力.针对小水线面双体船在零航速、横浪时所受到的波浪载荷最大的特点,分析计算了横浪和斜浪工况下水动力大小和分布特性.