Numerical Simulation on Freezing Process of Saturated Granular Soil

Introduction Soil freezing and thawing have a harmful impacton roads and buildings in cold regions. For example,frost heave and thawing settlement lead to cracks, set-tlement and structure breaking. A number ofreports[1-3]indicated that the frost heave induced bywater transfer could exceed the volume of water chan-ges because of water freezing in the cells. The mainmodels for coupled heat and moisture transfer infreezing soil are hydrodynamic models and rigid icemodels[1,2]. Though the hydrod…     

冰撞载荷作用下船舶夹芯抗冲击舷侧结构设计

伴随着"冰上丝绸之路"口号的提出,也为开发北极航道带来了空前的机遇。而北极航区有大量的浮冰存在,船舶航行时难免会遇到船与冰碰撞的问题。在查阅相关文献和掌握理论知识的基础上,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立船舶--浮冰碰撞模型,分别对不同船舶夹芯式舷侧结构与普通结构和浮冰碰撞的损伤情况进行数值模拟计算,根据对数据结果的比较分析选取出一种较优的抗冰载荷作用的结构形式。     

冰区航行船舶冰载荷研究进展综述

文章对冰载荷预报技术进行了研究与评估。给出了冰载荷的描述、定义,对预报方法进行了分类,并讨论了预报技术中的困难与难点。综述了理论预报方法和数值模拟技术,并分析了这些理论和方法的特点。指出这些预报方法的优点与缺点,并对今后的研究与开发工作给出了几点建议。     

冰雪条件下城市道路交通安全评价方法研究

在城市道路交通运行环境中,冰雪路面对机动车行驶安全性有着显著的不利影响.本文通过采集积雪路面、粗糙冰路面、光滑冰路面、冰雪混合路面的摩擦系数数据,基于驾驶员在冰雪路面行车时的制动反应时间与制动距离分析,计算给出了不同类型冰雪状态下对应不同行驶车速的机动车停车距离.基于车间距与停车距离定义了冰雪路面的行车安全度,分析结果...     

渤海导管架平台的破冰锥体设计

主要阐述了渤海辽东湾重冰区海域锦州21-1 BOP和锦州9-3E WHPA平台导管架破冰锥体的设计实践,并对渤海重冰区平台导管架破冰锥体的设计提出了建议.     

CBX-1500型冰雪清除机的研制

论述了研制冰雪清除机的必要性和有关数据的确定     

道路的冻胀与防治措施

提出防治道路冻胀的几种措施 :置换法、隔温法、稳定处理措施     

黑龙江省公路涎流冰防治

结合我省寒区特点,提出了公路涎流冰的防治原则,并分别对地面和地上排水措施进行了详细介绍。     

抗冰海洋平台的全寿命优化设计Ⅱ—算法与应用

针对抗冰海洋平台全寿命优化设计模型中的不同类型可靠度分析问题,提出了相应的计算方法,包括冰区导管架平台整体抗力和极值冰力响应的概率统计特性及整体可靠度的高效近似算法,基于首次超越破坏机制的海洋平台冰振动力可靠性分析,基于等效应力幅值近似计算的疲劳寿命分析等。最后,以渤海某抗冰平台为例,实现了全寿命总费用最小的抗冰海洋平台优化设计。结果表明,基于风险的全寿命优化模型比基于规范的静力设计和仅考虑动力的最优设计相比更加合理。     

Economic feasibility of an NSR/SCR-combined container service on the Asia-Europe lane: a new approach dynamically considering sea ice extent

The trend towards global warming and the rapid decline in the extent of summer Arctic sea ice over recent years has increased the feasibility of international Arctic shipping. In this study we propose a seasonal NSR (North Sea Route)/SCR (Suez Canal Route)-combined shipping service linking Shanghai and Rotterdam, using the Northern Sea Route during the economical navigable window but using the traditional Suez Canal Route at other times. Different from the previous literatures, this paper dynamically considers the sea ice extent in the model, which is more reasonable for the assessment of Arctic container shipping, because fuel consumption is highly related to ship speed, while ship speed is determined by the relative distances of ice-covered and ice-free route stages. A new approach is developed to predict the time points at which the ship enters and exits the ice-covered stage, given that both the ship position and the extent of sea ice are constantly changing. The results show that the NSR/SCR-combined Arctic container service can be more economical than the SCR, given lower NSR tariffs.