Guillain-Barre综合征早期电生理变化及分型再认识

分析了31例Guillain－Barre综合征（GBS）的电生理改变。有14例于病后3周行肌电图检查。早期运动神经传导速度（MCV）异常率为71．01％，主要表现为末端潜伏时（ML）延长，占61．22％，其次为MCV轻度减慢，而感觉神经传导速度（SCV）及肌电图（EMG）对早期GBS的诊断价值有限．但EMG鼻常出现越早，则预后越差。31例电生理特点分型：髓鞘型GBS27例（87．09％），轴索型GBS2例（6．4％），另有2例（6．4％）髓鞘及轴索损害均较重，预后差，故认为可能是两者同时损害的混合型。     

基于速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨性能

采用基于诱导速度势迭代的面元法预报对转桨的定常水动力性能,在计算中,前桨和后桨的相互干扰通过影响系数实现;前桨尾涡面距后桨表面太近时的异变影响系数通过Lagrange插值求出。同时采用基于诱导速度迭代的面元法预报对转桨水动力性能,并与基于诱导速度势法进行对比,计算结果表明,采用诱导速度势迭代的方法计算的结果与试验值吻合良好。与基于诱导速度迭代的方法相比,计算结果精确,且可以节省计算时间。     

岷江朱石滩航道整治工程方案计算与分析

朱石滩下游1.4 km拟建的岷江二桥其215 m主通航孔位于航道右侧,与新槽的衔接存在较大问题;目前老槽水深不足,不能通行大件运输船舶。首先建立平面二维水流泥沙数学模型,并由实测资料验证其相似性。数学模型计算的水面线、流速分布及河床冲淤等与原型实测资料基本吻合,验证精度符合规范的要求。在掌握河床演变、滩险成因和碍航情况的基础上对老槽、新槽方案进行比较分析,提出达到Ⅳ级航道标准,满足大件运输需要。结果表明:该数学模型可较好地模拟河段水流的运动及航槽泥沙的淤积过程,从整治效果看(通航水流条件、航槽稳定等),3个方案各有优劣,相对而言,老槽方案较好,更能满足航道通航条件要求。     

捷联航姿系统航行状态下的组合对准算法研究

由于捷联航姿设备无纬度解算值,导致跨纬度航行时航向误差过大,引入计程仪速度与航姿设备输出姿态、航向一起对纬度值进行计算,航行状态引入计程仪信息后建立数学模型进行初始对准,经航行实验验证,72小时内航向角误差得到了极大的缩小,验证了该数学模型的可行性,可提高设备的精度,具有实际使用意义。     

三维楔形体与圆锥体的砰击压力

基于有限元软件Fluent计算楔形体和圆锥体的入水砰击压力,并与试验结果进行比较,对于砰击压力分布及楔形体入水速度变化过程二者吻合较好。重点研究楔形体长宽比对砰击压力的影响。研究发现,楔形体长宽比对砰击压力影响较大,当楔形体长宽比大于3时,三维楔形体中横剖面的砰击压力计算可近似简化为具有同样剖面的二维楔形体入水问题。楔形体入水角对砰击压力极值的分布有很大的影响,相同入水速度条件下,楔形体的砰击压力极值比圆锥体的砰击压力极值大。     

基于高速摄影的水下爆炸破片侵彻特性试验

为研究水下爆炸产生高速破片的侵彻特性,采用高速摄影技术对2种典型破片的侵彻过程进行了弹道试验。试验结果表明:冲击和空泡阶段破片侵彻深度随时间迅速增加,拖曳阶段增速逐渐放缓;而在这2个阶段速度衰减很快,到后期低速阶段速度衰减放缓,且其侵彻特性与质量密切相关。冲击和空泡阶段的实际侵彻深度为40~60 cm,这一深度仅相当于破片最终静止时侵深的40%左右,而这一过程却耗散了破片95%以上的初始动能。拖曳阶段破片虽然能在液舱中行进较远的距离,但液舱吸收的破片动能较少。     

Rear wheel torque vectoring model predictive control with velocity regulation for electric vehicles

In this paper we propose a constrained optimal control architecture for combined velocity, yaw and sideslip regulation for stabilisation of the vehicle near the limit of lateral acceleration using the rear axle electric torque vectoring configuration of an electric vehicle. A nonlinear vehicle and tyre model are used to find reference steady-state cornering conditions and design two model predictive control (MPC) strategies of different levels of fidelity: one that uses a linearised version of the full vehicle model with the rear wheels' torques as the input, and another one that neglects the wheel dynamics and uses the rear wheels' slips as the input instead. After analysing the relative trade-offs between performance and computational effort, we compare the two MPC strategies against each other and against an unconstrained optimal control strategy in Simulink and Carsim environment.     

Vehicle longitudinal velocity estimation during the braking process using unknown input Kalman filter

In this paper, vehicle longitudinal velocity during the braking process is estimated by measuring the wheels speed. Here, a new algorithm based on the unknown input Kalman filter is developed to estimate the vehicle longitudinal velocity with a minimum mean square error and without using the value of braking torque in the estimation procedure. The stability and convergence of the filter are analysed and proved. Effectiveness of the method is shown by designing a real experiment and comparing the estimation result with actual longitudinal velocity computing from a three-axis accelerometer output.     

发动机瞬时角速度波动分析

发动机在一定稳定工况下运转，瞬时转速会呈现一定的波动现象。本文介绍一种以发动机瞬时角速度的实时检测为基础，在一个工作循环内按着火顺序将做功冲程中瞬时角速度波动作为评价依据的判定发动机工作状况的方法。     

Effect of wave boundary layer on sea-to-air dimethylsulfide transfer velocity during typhoon passage

A full-spectral third-generation ocean wind–wave model (Wavewatch-III) implemented in the South China Sea is used to investigate the effects of the wave boundary layer on the drag coefficient and the sea-to-air transfer velocity of dimethylsulfide (DMS) during passage of Typhoon Wukong (September 5–11, 2000) with a maximum sustained wind speed of 38 m s^− 1. The model is driven by the reanalyzed surface winds (1° × 1°, four times daily) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It is found that the wave boundary layer evidently enhances (16.5%) the drag coefficient (in turn increases the momentum flux across the air–sea interface), and reduces (13.1%) the sea-to-air DMS transfer velocity (in turn decreases the sea-to-air DMS flux). This indicates the possibility of important roles of wave boundary layer in atmospheric DMS contents and global climate system.