基于FVCOM的象山港海域潮汐潮流与温盐结构特征数值模拟

基于有限体积法的FVCOM模型,建立了象山港海域的三维潮汐潮流和温盐数值模型,计算中考虑了潮流、风、太阳辐射和径流因素的影响。模拟结果与2009年的监测资料进行了对比验证,结果表明建立的模型可以模拟该海域的水流运动和温盐分布特征。通过对数值结果分析得到了该海域的同潮图、潮流椭圆图、潮流性质和温盐分布等。结果表明,象山港的潮汐属于非正规半日浅海潮;M2分潮流椭圆长轴从口门到湾顶逐渐减小,其走向与岸线的方向基本一致;狭湾内呈现往复流特征而口门外开阔海域呈旋转流特征。湾口和湾顶部有着显著的温度差和盐度差,海水温度由湾口向湾顶部逐渐增大,盐度分布则正好相反。狭湾内距离湾口不同位置的横向温度、盐度垂向分布结构特征各不相同。     

苏州市公共交通优先通行技术及策略研究

苏州市正面临着出行向机动化方式转变的关键时期,公交优先作为缓解城市拥堵的重要策略,是苏州城市可持续发展的重要保障。文章首先分析了优先发展公共交通对苏州的重要意义,阐述了苏州公交发展所面一陆的挑战,接着探讨了如何从规划、政策、服务、管理和具体技术措施如公交专用道的车道位置选择、公交专用道的隔离方式与交通标志设置、公交专用道的停靠站设置形式等几方面保障公交优先发展。文章最后提出了苏州优先发展公共交通的几点建议。     

Navigating Institutional Constraints in the Process of Computational Environmental Modeling

Abstract

The use of computational models has proliferated in the last few decades due to the practical benefits that they offer in terms of understanding complex systems. However, the process of developing a computational model is not only shaped by scientific and practical concerns. Modelers must also navigate the institutional structures in which the models are constructed and implemented. In the process, they must often draw upon existing or create new social relationships that can, themselves, alter the institutional structures they are attempting to navigate. In this article, I use an ethnographic approach to examine three examples in which the process of building and implementing a computational model was constrained by institutional factors and the strategies the modelers used to navigate them. The research was conducted with computational modelers at the Chesapeake Bay Program who are involved in constructing the Chesapeake Bay modeling system for nutrient management in the watershed. Modelers in this context had to: build relationships with the broader scientific community to reinforce the “believability” of the model, draw upon institutional relationships in order to work around limitations on data-sharing between organizations, and manage differing incentive structures to motivate and coordinate the research needed to complete the model     

加利福尼亚州车辆合乘系统运行效果

为了解加利福尼亚州HOV系统的运行效果,基于交通量检测器收集的数据,对HOV系统进行全面分析、评价。最终得到4个主要结论：1）与多条普通车道构成的高速公路相比,包含1条HOV车道的高速公路损失了20%的通行能力;2）HOV车道通常处于两种运行状态,一种是HOV车道未被充分利用,另一种是HOV车道处于超负荷、降级运行状态;3）HOV车道未显著提高小汽车合乘比例;4）在一个相当出色的交通管理系统中,HOV车道并未从整体上缓解道路交通拥堵状况。     

胶州湾海底隧道综合超前地质预报技术研究与实践

本文以胶州湾海底隧道为例,研究了超前地质预报中经常采用的预报手段,并概括了国内的综合超前预报研究现状,提出了综合超前地质预报的概念,指出了其优缺点和适用性。针对三线海底隧道,提出了具体的综合超前地质预报流程。运用本文所提出的三线海底隧道综合超前预报方法对胶州湾海底隧道的服务隧道和左线主隧道进行了多次综合超前地质预报,预报效果良好,工程进展顺利,取得了良好的经济效益。     

中途站的合理位置设计与分析

本文重点对中途站的合理位置进行设计与分析,同时根据中途站的具体位置给出中途站样式的建议,希望能够优化中途站设计,不仅将中途站对交通的干扰降为最低,也力争做到以人为本。     

联程客运服务联盟建设运营模式和实施建议——以构建粤港澳大湾区“一票式”联程客运服务产业联盟组织为例

在综合交通运输一体化和粤港澳三地"硬链接"日益深化的趋势下,如何解决粤港澳大湾区客运体制机制壁垒问题,进而破解粤港澳三地交通运输服务"软联通"障碍成为当务之急。本文基于构建粤港澳大湾区特色"一票式"联程客运服务体系目标,研究建立粤港澳大湾区联程客运服务产业联盟的价值和意义,构思了联盟组织定位,设计了联盟成员选择和运作机制,从联盟目标设立、联盟职责制定、成员权利义务设置入手,系统、准确把握联盟需求和成员诉求协同机制,为构建粤港澳大湾区"一票式"联程客运服务产业联盟组织提供方向和参考。     

杭州湾跨海大桥南岸滩涂引桥上部结构设计

介绍杭州湾跨海大桥南岸滩涂引桥50 m箱梁,采用整体预制、梁上运输、整孔架设的施工方案,以及施工设计阶段中遇到的困难与采取的措施。     

Collaborative Integrated Management in Canada's North: The Role of Local and Traditional Knowledge and Community-Based Monitoring

The objective of this article is to take stock of integrated management in the Canadian North, assessing its contribution to the advancement of knowledge and practice regarding the role of indigenous knowledge and community-based monitoring. This is done in three steps. (1) The Beaufort Sea, designated a Large Ocean Management Area under Canada's Oceans Action Plan, is used as an example of a consultative planning process, with special attention to indigenous peoples. (2) How specifically can indigenous knowledge contribute to integrated management? The problem of Arctic marine food web contamination is used to illustrate the strengths and limitations of traditional ecological knowledge and its relationship to science. (3) The discussion of community-based monitoring relies on Voices From The Bay study involving the Inuit and Cree of Hudson and James Bay, and Inuit observations of climate change study in the Canadian western Arctic. The examples together address integrated coastal management and the health of ocean ecosystems, showing how stakeholder participation and knowledge helps widen the range of knowledge to understand and help monitor environmental change.