光滑深海立管涡激振动 DES模拟

针对深海立管涡激振动流场建立计算模型,分析了第一层网格高度、网格数量、时间步长对深海立管涡激振动DES模拟的升力系数、阻力系数、斯特罗哈尔数的影响,通过与文献中实验、计算数据的对比,说明SSTk-ω湍流模型基础上的 DES方法模拟低雷诺数深海立管涡激振动准确合理;网格第1层高度对计算精度影响较大,按0.51确定 DES方法的第1层网格高度可得到满足要求的。     

计及水-空气-结构耦合的结构砰击载荷预报方法研究

船舶在恶劣海况下航行时,船体与波浪之间会发生剧烈的砰击现象,严重时会造成船体局部结构损坏或降低船舶总纵强度。随着工业技术的革新和海洋资源开发的需要,当代船舶不断向高速化和大型化发展,船舶发生砰击现象的概率也越来越高。开展结构砰击特性研究,准确地预报结构物的砰击载荷,对船舶航行和人员安全有重要的意义。本文基于水动力学软件 Fine/Marine,建立水域-空气域-结构耦合的分析模型,对楔形结构的砰击特性进行数值仿真分析,并研究不同斜升角及不同入水速度对砰击载荷的影响。     

迎接船舶推进技术的变革

本文分别从市场现状和技术发展趋势等角度,分析了船舶电力推进系统相对于传统机械推进系统的巨大优势,提出了随着环保观念、电力电子技术以及高温超导技术的飞速发展,在未来十五到二十年后,吊舱式全电力推进系统将会成为船舶动力系统的主流模式,并且市场份额有望占据船舶推进系统的半壁江山.文章还分析了中国船舶重工集团公司在发展国产化船舶电力推进系统上的有利条件,提出了预研、技术引进、跨行业整合等加快产业化的建议.     

多功能海上重吊船LNG燃料应用分析

基于某多功能海上重吊船液化天然气（Liquefied Natural Gas，LNG）双燃料系统的设计，结合其典型运营工况，采用经济性（Economic Performance，EP）分析方法对LNG燃料和低硫船用轻质柴油（Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil，LSMGO）燃料的能量消耗、额外初始投入成本、运营成本（Operating Expense，OPEX）等进行分析比较。结果表明，在满足设计要求的前提下，在中长期的船舶运维周期内，LNG燃料的EP更好。考虑未来船用清洁燃料的发展，相关研究可为海上工程作业船舶的燃料动力系统的设计和选择提供思路。     

Centrifuge performance of LCSM wall reinforced pile-supported wharf subjected to yard load-induced marine slope soil movement

Lattice cement soil mixing (LCSM) walls are constructed to relief the marine slope soil movement that will trigger failure of the pile-supported wharf, the structural performance and pile-soil interactions after the LCSM implementation are major concerns. This paper investigated motion modes, load-displacement relations, soil and pore pressures, and bending moments of pile-supported wharfs with LCSM walls subjected to yard load-induced slope soil movement via centrifuge modeling. Results showed that the LCSM wall tilted to compress the soil and pile, inducing the tilting of the wharf. The lateral structural displacement was effectively restricted by the LCSM wall compared with that of a nonreinforced wharf, but the LCSM wall was not superior to the other lattice wall type with legs in limiting the lateral structural displacement, and the deep LCSM wall worked better at larger soil movement. The rear piles were evidently affected by slope soil movement and were compressed in the middle part. Soil pressures generally increased with increasing yard loads, whereas their distributions were deeply affected by different LCSM wall depths. Pore pressures were greater around the tilting LCSM wall because of larger soil shear areas but dissipated when soil movement stopped. Bending moment distributions indicated evident waterside curvatures in rear piles, whereas waterside curvatures occurred in the upper part and landside curvatures occurred in the lower part in front and middle piles, the effects of LCSM wall types and depth on bending moment distributions were tremendous.     

Load-bearing characteristics of marine complex sandwich composites considering unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression

The panel and core materials of sandwich composite usually have the characteristics of unequal elastic modulus in tension and compression. However, in the numerical calculation of sandwich composite, it is usually considered as the material with the same tensile modulus or compression modulus, which often leads to larger calculation errors. The test results show that when the elastic modulus of tension and compression is about 10 times different, the maximum calculated stress and maximum deflection will be more than twice different. In view of the complexity of sandwich composite structure, based on the bi-modulus model of laminated plates, a simplified theoretical formula and numerical calculation method are proposed for bi-modulus sandwich composite structures in this paper. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed numerical calculation method of bi-module is verified by the experimental study of composite single-layer plate structure and sandwich composite cabin structure. The results show that the error between the improved numerical calculation method and the experimental measurement results is basically within 6%. Meanwhile, the numerical method based on field variables has wide application range and high convergence, and can be used to calculate complex marine composite structures.     

Effects of roughness on hydrodynamic characteristics of a submerged floating tunnel subject to steady currents

The effects of surface roughness as induced by marine fouling on the hydrodynamic forces on a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) are experimentally and numerically investigated in detail at Reynolds numbers Re = 8.125 × 10³–5.25 × 10⁴. A sensitivity analysis to different roughness parameters including roughness height, skewness, coverage ratio, and spatial arrangement is performed. In addition, an optimized parametric cross-section for an SFT is proposed, and the hydrodynamic performance of the parametric shape and circular SFT cross-section shape with roughness elements is compared. The pressure distribution along the SFT, flow separation and wake characteristics are analyzed to provide a systematic insight into the fundamental mechanism relating the roughness parameters and flow around an SFT. In order to better understand the nonlinear relationships among structural geometry, roughness parameters, flow states, and structural response, an artificial intelligence method using Random Forest (RF) for feature importance ranking is applied. The results show that with the parametric shape, the hydrodynamic forces on the fouled SFT can be effectively mitigated. The roughness height and coverage ratio affect the equivalent blockage and hence, change flow separation and recirculation length in the wake. Lower skewness of the roughness elements can increase the critical Re by changing the relative roughness parameter. Horizontal arrangement of the roughness elements on an SFT generally results in the largest hydrodynamic forces, compared to staggered and vertical distributions. Throughout the feature importance ranking, the flow regime is found to be the most important feature of the hydrodynamics of the SFT. In addition, the SFT cross-section shape and roughness coverage ratio play a dominant role.     

Torsional behavior of GFRP-reinforced concrete pontoon decks with and without an edge cutout

Using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars in precast concrete pontoon decks in aggressive marine environments would eliminate corrosion problems encountered with steel reinforcement. Although wave action usually subjects pontoon decks to torsion, but little is known about the behavior of such structures. Moreover, nothing is known about the effects of cutouts on the torsional behavior of pontoon decks. This study experimentally investigated the torsional behavior of GFRP-reinforced concrete (RC) pontoon decks in terms of the effect of edge cutouts, reinforcement-bar distribution, and rotation direction. The results show that the bar configuration affected the failure behavior and torsional capacity of the GFRP-reinforced concrete decks under torsion. The decks with double-layer reinforcement exhibited slower and narrower cracking growth in the post-cracking stage than the decks with single-layer reinforcement. In addition, the edge cutouts reduced the cracking torque of the solid rectangular decks by an average 17%. The torsional behavior of the GFRP-reinforced planks can be accurately described by the ACI318-14 equation in the cracking stage, while the decks’ post-cracking torsional rigidity can be predicted accurately from the contribution of the GFRP bars.     

双船法联合起重支撑结构的设计与分析

为双船法（Twin Marine Lifter，TML）联合起重拆解大型海上油田设施设计一种可调节气隙的支撑结构，该结构便于安装和拆卸，对施工船舶的船体吃水性能要求低。建立支撑结构的有限元模型，进行强度校核和屈曲校核，给出支撑结构的应力分布和各杆件利用率。设计方案和分析方法可为拆解大型海上结构物专用装备的设计提供参考。     

Parametric method for the assessment of fatigue damage for marine shaft lines

An original parametric method is introduced for the assessment of the fatigue life of marine shaft lines. The particularity of the method lies in the fact it introduces a relevant load modelling around a limited number of parameters specific to marine shaft lines while depicting the loading complexity (multiaxiality, mean stress effect, non-proportionality of the loading path). The method is designed to allow for assessments, in both in-use and pre-design phase shafts, towards a particular fatigue damage mode. The observations made in this study show two damage modes. On one hand, a damage mode issued from multiaxial cycles and associated with ship maneuvers, corresponding to HCF regime. On the other hand, there is a damage mode in the VHCF regime resulting from bending stress cycles due to the structure rotary bending.