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21.
There is an increase in risks and catastrophic losses in maritime transport including ports and cargo. Significant losses have been associated with large scale natural hazards, such as earthquakes, tsunami, cyclones, and other extreme weather events. This paper identifies the main gaps in understanding maritime risks in transportation research. The gaps are attributed to insufficient empirical work available from the maritime transport and logistics research community to guide multi-risk and natural hazards impact assessment on seaport and cargo. In addition, disaster studies communities have barely made adequate efforts to understand and assess port and cargo risks arising from multi-hazards and disaster events. This paper examines existing conceptual frameworks concerning exposure and risk assessments of natural catastrophe’s impacts. Furthermore, the paper identifies trends and gaps in risk assessment frameworks in the field of disaster studies that can be beneficial for maritime risk research. The authors propose a new risk assessment framework that can guide future research and multi-hazard risk assessment processes at different scales of maritime risks. 相似文献
22.
Pierre Cariou Ali Cheaitou 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2012,17(2):116-123
In the fight to reduce CO2 emissions from international shipping, a bunker-levy is currently under consideration at the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Faced with the inability of the IMO to reach an agreement in the short term, the European Commission is now contemplating a unilateral measure of a speed limit for all ships entering European Union (EU) ports. This paper argues that this measure is counterproductive for two reasons. Firstly, because it may ultimately generate more emissions and incur a cost per ton of CO2 which is more than society is willing to pay. Secondly, because it is sub-optimal compared to results obtained if an international bunker-levy was to be implemented. These elements are illustrated using two direct transatlantic services operated in 2010. 相似文献
23.
Dong-Ping Song Jingjing Xu 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2012,17(1):91-96
This paper develops an operational activity-based method to estimate CO2 emissions from container shipping in contrasts to the traditional aggregated activity-based method. Two case studies investigate the impacts of empty container repositioning policies and port handling capacity on CO2 emission index. The results show that the aggregated method could well overestimate CO2 emissions and the operational activity-based method is more appropriate. The paper also demonstrates that high port-handling capacity and efficient empty container repositioning could reduce CO2 emissions in seaborne container transportation. 相似文献
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针对使用单位在应用《军用机场净空规定》的过程中,容易将新规定与原规定内容混淆的问题,分析比较了机场净空新旧规定的差异,对新规定中净空要求的基本原则、净空区组成和障碍物限制要求等方面的修改进行了详细分析。通过比较分析新旧规定的区别,有利于使用者更好地理解和应用新规定。 相似文献
26.
文中从海事政务中心的发展角度出发,通过分析和研究其产生、存在并发展的法律依据,找出困扰其发展的问题根源,并试图从立法规范、职能定位和运行机制等方面提出推动其健康发展的有效对策。 相似文献
27.
文中总结了上海海事空中巡航一年来的实践,借鉴国内外相关单位的空中巡航的建设和运行情况,提出了海事部门空中巡航发展的一些建议. 相似文献
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The crude oil offloading and supply problem (COSP) is a type of operation maritime inventory routing (MIR) problem encountered by petroleum companies. In COSP, the company not only is responsible for the ship scheduling to carry the crude oil from production sites to discharge ports but also must maintain inventory levels at both ports (production and consumption) between safety operational bounds to avoid disruptions in its crude oil production and/or refining processes. We show how to improve significantly the decision-making process in a Brazilian petroleum company using a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to represent COSP. Comparison tests with a current ship-scheduling method adopted in the company indicated that the use of the MILP model increased the transportation efficiency and reduced costs by 20% on average. In addition to the quantitative gains, the use of a MILP model to solve COSP has succeeded when encountering real-life events, such as variation in production or consumption rates, berth unavailability, and changes in the storage capacities at ports. 相似文献
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船舶噪声对船员的听力损伤是众所周知的,甚至发生部分船员的永久性听力损失。国际海事组织第91届海安会通过了新的《船上噪声等级规则》,围绕实施噪声规则,分析了听力保护的技术要求和正确选用听力保护器的技术依据,探讨了佩戴听力保护器对语言交流和感受听觉信号造成的影响。强调必须开展听力损伤的风险评估,并对识别听力损伤的特殊风险因素提出了建议。 相似文献
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文中分析了当前我国海事司法鉴定工作存在的问题,结合海事审判特点,从建立海事司法鉴定法律体系、完善海事司法鉴定人资格审核制度、建构海事司法鉴定机构、对海事司法鉴定机构实行统一管理、完善鉴定人出庭制度等五个方面提出解决对策,以期对完善我国海事司法鉴定制度有所裨益。 相似文献