电机悬挂方式对LIM地铁系统动力特性的影响研究

研究目的：研究直线电机地铁在不同电机悬挂方式下的气隙变化规律及车辆、轨道的动力响应特性，并将二者进行比较。研究方法：应用车辆轨道耦合动力学理论，分别建立不同悬挂方式下的系统模型并编制相应的仿真程序，通过在轨道局部加入谐波型余弦不平顺激励对系统的动力特性进行分析。研究结果：2种悬挂方式对系统的各向加速度和轮轨力的影响差别较小，而气隙变化呈现明显不同的规律。研究结论：直线电机采用架悬式悬挂时，要严格控制幅值大于5．5mm的长波不平顺，防止电机和反力板之问的刮蹭；而当采用抱轴式悬挂时，要注意控制大幅值的短波不平顺出现，防止气隙过大，影响电机效率。     

机舱油水分离设备的营运检验

船舶舱底水对海洋环境的污染、船舶油水分离器的工作效果直接关系到是否满足MARPOL73/78公约的要求。通过对营运船舶油水分离器的检验方法,保证船舶油水分离器的工作效果。     

采用喷风冷却工艺提高淬火钢轨性能的研究

钢轨喷风淬火工艺采用单一的冷却介质压缩空气,使淬火冷却均匀性得到提高,而且不受钢轨表面状态对淬火质量的影响,便于生产管理。由于在冷却装置中加入侧面喷风冷却,淬火硬度分布更合理,有利于提高淬火钢轨抗侧磨能力。线路铺设使用也表明,喷风淬火钢轨比喷雾淬火钢轨具有更好的抗剥离性。根据目前国内淬火线生产状况,提出调整钢轨的成分和采用喷风冷却工艺是当前迫切需要解决的问题。     

Impacts of motor vehicle operation on water quality in the US – Cleanup costs and policies

This paper investigates the costs of controlling some of the environmental impacts of motor vehicle transportation on groundwater and on surface waters. We estimate that annualized costs of cleaning-up leaking underground storage tanks range from $0.8 billion to $2.1 billion per year over 10 years. Annualized costs of controlling highway runoff from principal arterials in the US are much larger: they range from $2.9 billion to $15.6 billion per year over 20 years (1.6–8.3% of annualized highway transportation expenditures). Some causes of non-point source pollution were unintentionally created by regulations or could be addressed by simple design changes of motor vehicles. A review of applicable measures suggests that effective policies should combine economic incentives, information campaigns, and enforcement, coupled with preventive environmental measures. In general, preventing water pollution from motor vehicles would be much cheaper than cleaning it up.     

积极开展牵引电气设备的绿色设计研究

阐述了开展绿色设计的重要意义,介绍了资源最佳利用原则、环境设计原则、产品结构设计原则、社会经济效益最佳原则以及绿色设计技术和方法的研究等.     

空气弹簧的刚度及阻尼特性研究

介绍了空气弹簧的热力学特性,对空气弹簧的垂直刚度特性和阻尼特性进行了分析。结果表明:空气弹簧的刚度不仅与其静平衡位置时的压力和容积有关,还与其有效面积变化率和体积变化率有关。空气弹簧的阻尼特性与空气弹簧本身结构有关,同时还受外界激扰频率及振幅的影响。当外界激扰条件发生变化,空气弹簧系统的阻尼特性也将随之改变。     

Valuation of externalities through neo-classical methods by including institutional variables

Externalities are uncompensated influences that are not expressed in a market but that affect the production possibilities or the welfare level of third parties. An example is the noise pollution in airport areas. Although air transport is an important source of economic growth and employment in many countries, the social and environmental problems connected with this sector are rising rapidly. Consequently, airports are becoming a matter of concern to many politicians. On what kind of values should they base their decisions as to further growth or consolidation of the current situation? In this paper we discuss two approaches, one based on mainstream, neo-classical, economics, and one based on institutional approaches, more in particular new institutional economics, which can be seen as a development complementary to the mainstream.     

电力机车高压设备污闪及其防治方法

文章介绍电力机车车顶高压设备污秽闪络的危害性．对污秽绝缘子闪络机理及其特点进行了研究,对污闪故障的影响因素进行分析,针对既有和新造电力机车,从设计、运用和管理等角度提出了一些防治污闪的方法,为电力机车设计厂家提供有益的参考。     

地铁车辆空气弹簧气压负载特性的分析与实验

针对目前地铁车辆称质量过程中检测的车辆质量与实际载质量存在较大误差的问题,通过对地铁车辆称质量过程进行分析,分别推导了空气弹簧的静态、动态气压-负载关系式,其中动态气压-负载曲线考虑了空气弹簧工作过程中的充、排气过程。以北京地铁大兴线4号线065车体为例,分别采用静态和动态气压-负载特性曲线对车体质量进行计算,通过与真实车体质量对比,表明本文推导的动态气压-负载特性曲线更加接近于实际情况,可以大幅减小地铁车辆称质量误差。     

动车组内低频磁场发射及限值

在综合分析国内外相关标准和实际测量数据的基础上,首次系统地提出了动车组内低频磁场的限值要求,为动车组内电磁辐射防护标准的起草奠定了基础。