浅谈公路工程变更和索赔管理

当前公路工程造价管理中由于工程变更造成费用增加和索赔金额巨大,从而使造价难以控制。文章通过阐述公路工程变更、索赔的定义、程序以及处理的原则,使工程管理者对变更和索赔内涵更加清晰,以提高公路工程造价控制能力。     

电流速率保护取代城轨供电系统双边联跳保护

本文根据目前轨道交通牵引供电系统设置双边联跳保护的目的,从保护需求、运行可靠度及投入费用等方面进行了综合分析与探讨。提出电流速率保护取代双边联跳保护的可行性。     

危险源辨识法在长岭关隧道斜井设计变更中的应用

运用现代安全管理理论，结合工程施工实际，介绍了危险源辨识的目的、辩识依据、辩识方法及危险源的防治措施，在此基础上提出长岭关隧道斜井设计变更建议。     

Variability of snow and ice thermal, physical and optical properties pertinent to sea ice algae biomass during spring

Changes in the thermal, physical and optical properties of the snow–sea ice system and feedbacks between various temporal and spatial scales affect accumulation of microalgae at the sea ice bottom and are the focus of this research. During the spring transition period, May 4 to June 9, 2002, we closely monitored atmospheric conditions and properties of the snow–sea ice system, including thermal, physical and optical properties of the snow cover (e.g., temperature, grain size, light attenuation), ice thickness and salinity, and biomass of bottom ice algae. Results show that snowdrift size averaged 31.2 by 10.6 m with a depth range of 2 to 45 cm. Snowpacks also varied in age, distinguished by coincident peaks of snow salinity and grain size and a lower PAR extinction coefficient. Spatial variability of the snowpack was superimposed by temporal variability associated with seasonal snow–ice melt and wind redistribution of snow. Maximum biomass of ice algae was observed under intermediate snow covers. Under thin snow covers, algae biomass declined steadily coincident with seasonal warming and desalination of the ice cover. Under thick snow covers, algae biomass was negatively correlated with snow depth. These results suggest that thin snow covers were associated with a thermal effect causing sloughing of algae, whereas under deep snow, algae were still light limited and thermally insulated from the warming atmosphere. Our results highlight the importance of snow cover history on the sea ice system operating below. Furthermore, in the context of current climate change scenarios, shifts in snow depth would result in decreases of ice algae biomass.     

人才资源向人才资本转变刍议

研究目的：探讨人才资源向人才资本转变的问题,为企业如何充分挖掘人才的潜能,变人才资源开发优势为人才资本创造优势提供对策。研究方法：通过阐述人才资源向人才资本转变的意义和目标要求,进一步提出相应的转变方法和对策。研究结论：企业为了加快人才资源向人才资本转变,需要做到：更新观念,树立先进的人才思想和经营理念;创新体制,提高人才的市场配置程度;革固鼎新,建立人尽其才的机制;营造氛围,创造良好的人才成长环境。     

软土固结蠕变特性试验研究

在研究软土的固结蠕变性状的室内试验方面,针对不同的研究对象、研究目的和研究内容有不同的试验方法,软土的固结蠕变性状试验的方法和仪器(设备)也是多种多样的。本文通过改造现有的常规三轴试验仪器,对软土固结蠕变性状的相关方面的进行了探讨。     

Elaboration and quantitative assessment of manoeuvrability for motorcycle lane change

The desire to quantitatively assess vehicle manoeuvrability and handling has led to the development of various expressions, or metrics, which typically relate system input to system output. With regard to motorcycle manoeuvrability, a notable example of such a measure, or metric, is the Koch index [Koch, J., 1978, Experimentelle und Analytische Untersuchungen des Motorraad-Fahrer Systems. Dissertation, Berlin.]. This article describes the development of a new metric applied to lane change (LC) tests and coined 'LC roll index'. This metric takes into account the peak-to-peak values of the rider-input steering torque divided by the peak-to-peak roll rate response of the vehicle and normalizes this quantity by the forward velocity. In addition to this new metric, an analytical expression is developed, which in many cases summarizes a motorcycle's LC performance in a single, terse, analytical term. Experimental results are presented for three vastly different motorcycles: a scooter, a street, and a touring motorcycle performing variations of the LC manoeuvre. Numerous test runs for each vehicle are analysed and the results are summarized along with those presented in the recent literature. Finally, simulation results are presented to highlight the correlation between the proposed indices and handling.     

隧道施工隧址区土壤因子变化规律研究

文章针对我国隧道施工造成周边土壤环境变化的现状,通过对隧址区周边土壤样品的对比分析,找出了土壤因子的变化规律及原因,为隧道施工后土壤环境的恢复与改良提供参考。