Elaboration and quantitative assessment of manoeuvrability for motorcycle lane change

The desire to quantitatively assess vehicle manoeuvrability and handling has led to the development of various expressions, or metrics, which typically relate system input to system output. With regard to motorcycle manoeuvrability, a notable example of such a measure, or metric, is the Koch index [Koch, J., 1978, Experimentelle und Analytische Untersuchungen des Motorraad-Fahrer Systems. Dissertation, Berlin.]. This article describes the development of a new metric applied to lane change (LC) tests and coined 'LC roll index'. This metric takes into account the peak-to-peak values of the rider-input steering torque divided by the peak-to-peak roll rate response of the vehicle and normalizes this quantity by the forward velocity. In addition to this new metric, an analytical expression is developed, which in many cases summarizes a motorcycle's LC performance in a single, terse, analytical term. Experimental results are presented for three vastly different motorcycles: a scooter, a street, and a touring motorcycle performing variations of the LC manoeuvre. Numerous test runs for each vehicle are analysed and the results are summarized along with those presented in the recent literature. Finally, simulation results are presented to highlight the correlation between the proposed indices and handling.     

基于VanetMobiSim/NS-2的车辆换道模型仿真

高速公路上驾驶人换道行为容易导致车辆碰撞事故。利用车载自组网（Vanet）车车通信提醒驾驶人在换道过程中可能遇到的危险,但在真实环境中测试车载自组网难度大,代价高。Vanet-MobiSim和NS-2分别是优秀的交通、网络仿真器,两者联合可以为车载自组网提供真实可靠的微观仿真平台。文中结合开源的VanetMobiSim中的智能驾驶人换道模型——IDM_LC设计Vanet环境下的车辆换道模型,仿真产生不同车密度、车道数下的移动车辆Trace文件。将Trace文件导入开源的NS-2中进行仿真分析。结果表明,采用VanetMobiSim/NS-2联合仿真平台可以很好的模拟设计的不同情景下的车辆换道模型,车辆换道时的车车通信将使得车辆换道效率和安全性都得到提高。     

汽车白车身门盖换模机构可升降导向杆装置研究

文章介绍了适用于汽车白车身焊装门盖线换模机构可升降导向杆装置的一种驱动机构新型设计,该设计通过控制信号对气缸阀岛切换,从而快速实现模具上下线切换,可以有效节省模具切换下线的时间及人力资源成本。     

一起船用滑油变质事故案例分析

文章根据一例滑油变质事故实例,论述滑油变质的原因、机理,提出减缓滑油变质的措施,从而使其使用时间延长,确保柴油机正常运行。     

利用遥感影像自动提取变化信息的方法研究

目前土地利用遥感动态监测已进入实用化阶段,但其自动化程度不高,影响作业效率。本文在使用增强法对两时相的遥感影像自动发现变化基础上,结合两时相影像的分类结果,对变化图斑进行类别标记,然后对标记图像进行矢量化、变化信息提取和统计,从而提高变化监测工作中的自动化程度、减轻工作量。     

摄入过量氟实验大鼠肾脏形态损害与体内氟含量及血清MDA的关系

目的探讨氟中毒肾脏病理形态损害发生的机理。方法70只4～5周龄,体重50～90g的Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、低、中、高剂量氟组,观察3月与5月。光镜观察各实验组大鼠肾脏病理形态学变化,血清MDA含量用硫代巴比妥酸法测定,血清氟用氟离子选择电极法测定。结果摄入过量氟引起肾脏的病理变化为皮质及髓质呈灶状散在分布的肾小管上皮细胞坏死、扩张,间质纤维母细胞及胶原纤维灶状增生。随摄入过量氟的浓度增高,肾损害率由58.33％增高到90.00％。与肾损害率密切相关的因素是肾氟含量。结论滞留在肾脏的过量氟是引起肾脏皮质与髓质肾小管损害的直接因素。     

液化气船运输中的货种变更技术及方法

货种变更作业是一种危险性和技术性的操作,要整个液化气运输过程中,它是一个非常重要的环节,任何人为疏忽或违章操作都会造成船货共损和人命危害,在这种情况下,本文从不同角度着重讨论了船舶常运液化气的装载要求以及货种变更作业中规范化的操作程序。     

关于更改国际航行船舶船龄问题的探讨

文中旨在分析国际航行船舶船龄更改的背景、法律、登记制度的弊端，结合实际存在的问题，对船龄更改方法进行了详细的阐述，提出了我国海事机构应采取的有效对策。     

Bounded rationality and irreversible network change

A network change is said to be irreversible if the initial network equilibrium cannot be restored by revoking the change. The phenomenon of irreversible network change has been observed in reality. To model this phenomenon, we develop a day-to-day dynamic model whose fixed point is a boundedly rational user equilibrium (BRUE) flow. Our BRUE based approach to modeling irreversible network change has two advantages over other methods based on Wardrop user equilibrium (UE) or stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). First, the existence of multiple network equilibria is necessary for modeling irreversible network change. Unlike UE or SUE, the BRUE multiple equilibria do not rely on non-separable link cost functions, which makes our model applicable to real-world large-scale networks, where well-calibrated non-separable link cost functions are generally not available. Second, travelers’ boundedly rational behavior in route choice is explicitly considered in our model. The proposed model is applied to the Twin Cities network to model the flow evolution during the collapse and reopening of the I-35 W Bridge. The results show that our model can to a reasonable level reproduce the observed phenomenon of irreversible network change.