Financial and environmental impacts of hypothetical Finnish dry port structure

One main theme of European Union’s in transport policy statements has been the increased role of railways in the reducing environmental impacts and costs of transport activity. One option to increase the modal share of rail transport is to utilize the dry port concept, particularly applicable to general cargo. At the Port of Gothenburg (Sweden) use of this concept in combination with rail transport has led to a reduction of CO₂ emissions, and lower transport energy costs. The main objective and motivation of this research work are to examine through analytical models, how this same dry port concept could be implemented in the Finnish transportation network, with estimates of the benefits being gained.The research method of this study is macro gravitational models of distribution. Main input data for the models are distances and population in the area. The approach aims to research, how relative transport costs behave by increasing the number of dry port distribution locations. For the actual computation work the authors apply linear integer programming. Based on the results, the authors argue that relative transport costs can decrease considerably by increasing the number of dry ports, up to the level of six locations. This is considerably less than what is the current situation in Sweden. The found solution also differs from Sweden as the fragmented Finnish seaport system enables using numerous seaports instead of one, which further decreases inland transportation distances and volumes considerably. At the same time forthcoming sulphur emission reduction regulation (for sea transports) might impact the transportation network structure by decreasing sea transport and the number of seaports used. This might lead to a further increase in land-based hinterland transport.     

基于社交网络的民航旅客偏好建模

从社会网络的视角,提出了一种旅客个体偏好与关系偏好相结合的建模方法．首先,从旅客的历史出行记录中,构建基于共同出行关系的旅客社会网络;然后,构建旅客个体偏好模型和旅客关系偏好模型;最后,基于旅客偏好模型给旅客推荐座位．在民航领域的一个真实的数据集上进行了实验,证明本文提出的偏好模型能够有机地将旅客个体偏好与关系偏好结合起来,较好地描述旅客对航班座位的偏好．     

旅客列车到发时间域的优化模型与算法

旅客列车的开行方案必须体现以旅客为本,服务旅客、方便旅客的原则,而旅客出行的方便与否,主要体现在旅客列车出发与到达时刻是否合理.因此,本文首先定义了旅客列车合理始发、合理到达时间范围的概念,并研究该范围内不同时段旅客出行的方便度,绘制方便度曲线.然后建立了以最大程度方便旅客出行为目标的指派模型,实现了求解该模型的蚁群算法.最后以成都站为实例,对各始发列车的发车时间域进行优化.通过验证,本文模型和算法具有可行性.     

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出行信息的搜寻与获取是驾驶员出行决策的重要依据.为获取驾驶员的出行信息搜寻行为特征,以昆明市412个样本数据库为基础,建立驾驶员出行信息搜寻行为的因果和过程结构方程模型(SEM),并拟合各变量之间的路径关系.其中,驾驶员出行信息搜寻的因果结构方程模型重点分析个体属性、信息源因素及环境因素与搜寻行为之间的关系;驾驶员出行信息搜寻的过程结构方程模型则模拟驾驶员的出行信息搜寻过程.结果表明：驾驶员由于自身属性的不同在信息源与搜寻行为上存在显著差异,搜寻行为中驾驶员对出行信息的认知及信息源的选择是重要的影响因素.此外,驾驶员出行信息搜寻过程模型主要受到个体属性与信息需求的影响.     

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为识别区域综合交通系统能耗驱动因子,测算其对系统能耗的贡献度,将驱动因素分为规模效应、结构效应和技术效应,采用ASIF数据构造原理和时序列回归法识别各因子的相关性,运用迪氏分解方法建立扩展LMDI分解模型,计算各因子能耗贡献度.计算表明,规模效应和技术效应的影响程度在逐渐减弱,结构效应的影响程度在逐渐增加;运输结构还需要进一步优化,对系统能耗的影响还有很大下降空间;近年来能耗效率已经得到很大提高,但能耗效率对能耗的贡献正在逐渐减弱,未来提高运输强度对降低能耗有明显效果.经实证检验,计算模型可靠、结论可信,能为区域综合低碳交通政策制定提供更科学的依据.     

翻译伦理视阙下归化和异化的对立统一

归化与异化两种翻译策略长期以来一直存在于一种二元对立状态.翻译作为一种涉及原文作者、译者以及译文读者三方的交际行为,在某种程度上受到道德和一定社会规范的制约,因此需要从伦理学的角度审视翻译活动.切斯特曼的四大翻译伦理模式认为翻译体现了不同的伦理价值,在不同的伦理价值关照下的翻译策略也不是固定和唯一的,只有将归化和异化两种策略有机结合起来才能有效处理翻译中的各种矛盾.     

无线射频识别技术在高速公路二义性路径标识系统中的应用

论述了无线射频识别技术在二义性路径标识系统中的必要性及意义,通过数学建模并仿真分析,介绍了基础防碰撞算法及其改进算法,对标签快速、准确识别具有一定的参考意义。     

英语词汇层面上的理解在阅读中的作用

英语阅读教学在我国英语教学中占有重要地位。词汇是阅读理解的基础,处理词汇的能力也是提高总体阅读水平的重要组成部分。作从理论上对词汇层面理解技能的本质、组成、目的及功能进行了探讨。并以实验结果证明、揭示了词汇层面理解与阅读过程中局部理解的关系,指出理解词的字面意义、功能意义、语境意义、及引申意义的重要性,并论证了在语言教学中加强词汇理解技能训练的重要地位。     

FEMUR SHAPE RECOVERY FROM VOLUMETRIC IMAGES USING 3-D DEFORMABLE MODELS

IntroductionThe rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament( ACL) has become the most common knee in-juries.In operation of ACL reconstruction,thesurgeons have to find the optimal attachmentpoints resulting in a low anisometry of the graft,while preventing impingement between the graftand the femoral notch.Markus Fleute andStéphane lavallée[1] proposed a real- time systemfor computer- assisted ACL surgery.A recentadvance in surgery is minimally invasive tech-nique that can avoid the large…     

DESIGN OF A NEW INTERPOLATED CONTROLLER FOR STABILIZATION OF A SET OF INTERPOLATED PLANTS

IntroductionDynamics of almost all plants in reality variesaccording to the condition under which the plantis operated.An idea to describe the variation ofplant dynamics is interpolating a number of rep-resentative models defined at representative op-erating points.In Ref. [1 ] ,the plant was as-sumed to described as a linear interpolation ofproper stable coprime factorizations of transferfunctions of two representative models and thestabilization problems have been considered. InRef.[2 ] ,it…