高雷诺数时串列弹性双圆柱在均匀流场中的脉动升力和阻力

本文通过实验测量柱表面的脉动压力，获得了在高雷诺数范围中（4．19×104＜Re＜5．77×105）串列弹性双圆柱体（2．5＜L／D＜5．02）及孤立弹性圆柱体在均匀流场中的脉动升力和阻力。实验发现，在高雷诺数区中串列弹性双圆柱体的脉动升力与阻力与孤立弹性柱有较大的差异。     

Spatial variation of roadside C2–C6 hydrocarbon concentrations during low wind speeds: Validation of CALINE4 and COPERT III modelling

The CALINE4 model is widely used to predict the effect of vehicle emissions on ambient concentrations close to roadways. It requires an evaluation of the rate at which different air pollutants are emitted by vehicles, taking into account things such as vehicle flow, velocity, type and age. For Europe the databases of the COmputer Program to calculate Emissions from Road Transport (COPERT) are combined with local vehicle details to obtain site-specific emission factors for dispersion modelling. The ability of CALINE4 to predict the spatial variation of hydrocarbon concentrations downwind of a motorway is assessed, as is the accuracy of COPERT III composite emission factors for several hydrocarbon compounds. The concentrations of seven traffic-associated compounds is found at three locations downwind and upwind of a motorway. Modelled and measured background-corrected downwind concentrations are compared on three bases: daily peak hour concentrations, mean concentrations, and a set of model evaluation parameters.     

百叶窗翅片汽车散热器特性仿真研究

以百叶窗翅片汽车散热器为研究对象，提出了基于散热器微元结构的动态传热模型，把散热器传热过程分为水侧传热，翅片管传热和空气侧传热3部分来考虑，建立了相应的散热器传热及阻力特性的数学模型，并在MATLAB/SIMCLINK环境中建立了其仿真模型，进行了仿真值与试验值的比较，结果表明，仿真结果与相应的百叶窗翅片散热器试验数据基本一致。     

城市快速路区间旅行时间短期预测新算法

城市道路交通状况的预测,是实现未来路况查询、车辆动态导航等智能交通系统技术的关键。该文在分析浮动车数据的时间相关性的基础上,研究城市快速路的区间旅行时间短期预测算法。首先,采用统计方法和K-NN分类法相结合的新方法对缺失数据进行填充,并利用小波变换对每天的数据进行消噪处理;其次,在分别利用时间序列模型和人工神经网络模型对城市快速路区间旅行时间进行短期预测的基础上,通过模型组合获得预测值;最后,结合北京市区二环的一段快速路区间旅行时间的历史数据和实时数据,对该文所提出的快速路区间旅行时间短期预测算法进行了评价。结果显示,该算法的预测结果的平均绝对误差百分比控制在10.43%以内,具有良好的精度。     

Solving the K-shortest paths problem in timetable-based public transportation systems

Finding the K-shortest paths in timetable-based public transportation systems is an important problem in practice. It has three typical variants: the K-earliest arrival problem (K-EAP), the K-shortest travel time problem (K-STTP), and the K-minimum number of transfers problem (K-MNTP). In this article we show that these problems can be solved efficiently by first modeling the timetable information with the time-expanded approach, then applying the Martins and Santos (MS) algorithm. Then we model the timetable information with the time-dependent approach and propose a modified version of the MS algorithm for solving the K-EAP. Experimental results on real-world data show that for K smaller than 100, which is enough for most applications, the execution times of the MS algorithm for the problems in the time-expanded model are less than 100 ms on a server with a 1.86-GHz central processing unit (CPU) and 4 GB of memory. For solving the K-EAP the modified MS algorithm in the time-dependent model is even more efficient (about three times faster for K ≤ 100) than the original algorithm in the time-expanded model. Our results imply the great potential of the MS algorithms in practical transportation service systems.     

浮式防波堤的拖航阻力试验研究

本文对一种圆筒型的浮式防波堤进行了详细的介绍,在此基础上对拖航过程进行了概述。对于本次试验的试验概况以及工况进行了设定,根据要求对试验设备进行了安装和标定。通过模型试验的方法对圆筒型浮式防波堤的拖航过程中的拖航阻力进行了较为透彻的研究,分别分析了两种工况下圆筒型浮式防波堤随着航速增加拖航阻力的变化情况。通过比较可以得出两种工况下浮式防波堤拖航阻力的差距,为浮式防波堤实际的拖航工程提供更为可靠的依据,以此来保证拖航过程的经济、安全。     

管幕冻结法积极冻结方案模型试验研究

港珠澳大桥珠海连接线拱北隧道工程预支护体系采用管幕法与人工冻结技术相结合的全新"管幕冻结法"施工。根据工程实际情况,首次提出了在管幕钢管内部布置"圆形主力冻结管"、"异形加强冻结管"和"升温盐水限位管"三种特殊管路构成的冻结方案。为了研究该冻结方案的有效性与可控性,进行了大型物理模型试验。文章主要介绍了模型试验概况,重点分析了开挖前积极冻结阶段冻结的试验效果。试验结果表明,积极冻结阶段冻土帷幕发展显现了预期规律,冻结效果显著;管幕间形成良好的冻土帷幕,可确保良好的止水效果。     

基于“三阶段法”的高速铁路短期运量预测

考虑到我国未来年度的OD分布预测中的路网构成变化、区域经济布局变动、区域经济增长速度差异等一些具有时变性和特殊性因素,采用在“四阶段法”运量预测基础上改进而成的“三阶段法”进行高速铁路短期客运量预测。首先采用组合预测模型进行趋势运量预测,然后采用多元LOGIT模型进行方式分担,最后采用弹性系数诱增模型进行诱增运量预测。以京沪高铁为例,采用“三阶段法”预测了2014年和2015年京沪高铁本线及跨线单向客流量。     

大型活动交通分布预测方法比较及应用

大型活动的举办势必会对城市交通产生影响,为更好地制定交通管理措施,需要对大型活动进行交通需求预测。四阶段法是交通需求预测的常用方法,交通分布预测是四阶段法的第二阶段。通过对交通分布预测常用三种方法的比较分析,说明三种方法的优缺点,并通过三种方法在唐山世园会举办期间交通分布预测中的应用比较,得到交通需求总量。     

自升式海上风电安装船的模型试验分析研究

主要阐述了具备自航能力的自升式海上风电安装船在船型设计阶段的模型试验和计算分析,为相似船型和类似海洋工程装备的设计研究提供了参考.