改进遗传算法在船舶自由浮态计算中的应用

为了更快、更准确地计算船舶自由浮态问题,对原有计算方法进行改进。根据船舶自由漂浮的平衡条件,将自由浮态计算归结为多目标约束优化问题,并引入一种改进遗传算法对该优化问题进行求解。实例计算表明,使用该方法,迭代次数明显少于基本遗传算法,船舶自由浮态计算时间大幅下降,计算结果准确可靠。研究结果对于迅速掌握船舶状态,可靠保障船舶生命力具有重要意义。     

基于反馈线性化与闭环增益成形的减摇鳍控制

根据减摇鳍系统的非线性数学模型,设计了一种具有鲁棒性的非线性控制器。通过采用精确反馈线性化方法将减摇鳍系统的非线性模型线性化,然后用闭环增益成形算法设计出非线性鲁棒控制器。用Matlab的Simulink工具箱分别对相同海况下未进行减摇控制、已设定航速及航速减半状态时采用减摇鳍控制的非线性数学模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明,该控制策略对于减摇鳍非线性控制系统是十分有效的,特别是鲁棒性能令人满意。算法的设计过程简单,物理意义明显。     

神经网络在编队防空中的应用前景

随着军事科学技术的进步，空袭武器系统有了长足的发展，把海上防空逼到了十分困难的境地，神经网络具有自适应性，自组织性和容错性的优点，应用于舰艇编队的海上防空将产生革命性的影响，本文讨论了神经网络在编队防空作战中的应用。     

Virtual hull monitoring of a naval vessel using hindcast data and reconstructed 2-D wave spectra

A novel virtual hull monitoring approach is assessed using full-scale measurements from a naval vessel trial to address two questions. First: Can this technique accurately reproduce stress spectra from measured strains? Second: Are responses calculated using reconstructed two-dimensional wave spectra from hindcast data more accurate than those using simpler wave representations? Stresses calculated using wave hindcast data, ship track information, and stress transfer functions compare favorably to those derived from strain gauge measurements at five structural locations. Wave conditions are represented using a spectrum model along with bulk spectral parameters (significant wave height, peak period, and primary direction) from hindcast datasets and by reconstructing two-dimensional spectra from hindcast partition data. Both approaches give good agreement with strain measurements but using the more-detailed reconstructed two-dimensional wave spectra yields better results. Results suggest that wave hindcast data are sufficient for accurate structural calculations, encouraging further study of virtual hull monitoring using wave hindcast data.     

舰船“两力六性”的深化和量化：—发展具有中国特色的现代化海军

“两力六性”是８０年代海军对舰船特性和研制要求提出了一种有机的概括。作者根据近年来海军舰船设计、建造和使用的实践，为发展具有中国特色的现代化海军进一步论述了“两两力六性”的宣言和内涵及其相互关系。提出了“两力六性”量化、评估和考核的原则及其在舰船设计研制中应用。     

Prediction of hydrodynamic coefficients of ship hulls by high-order Godunov-type methods

Numerical simulations of incompressible flows, with and without free surface, by means of high-order Godunov-type schemes are presented; the results are compared with the second-order essentially nonoscillatory (ENO) scheme, already implemented and extensively used by the authors for the simulation of flows around ship hulls. Uncertainty assessment and convergence properties are discussed for two practical test cases: the steady and unsteady laminar flow past a NACA 0012 profile with and without incidence, and the steady free surface flow past a ship hull at model Reynolds number. The analysis is aimed to highlight advantages and drawbacks of the numerical schemes considered herein. This work was presented in part at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering—MARINE 2007, Barcelona, June 3–4, 2007.     

船舶舱室空气再生技术现状与研究展望

为寻求真正理想的现代船舶舱室空气调节再生技术,对特种氧化物法、氧烛法、高压氧瓶法、电解水法等现有技术的原理及应用情况进行了简要介绍,在此基础上进一步综合分析了这些技术均无法满足空气清新度的要求,而且还存在其它各自固有的一些问题。为此,创造性地提出了基于特定海洋生物的船舶舱室空气再生的新思想,已取得的初步研究成果表明它既能保证舱室内O2和CO2的合适浓度,又能保证整个舱室环境空气的清新度,还可望带来其它一些明显优势,体现了潜在的重大现实意义。     

船舶能量管理系统PMS对策

船舶电力系统是独立电网,电气设备相互连接在一起,发电机和负载相互影响,对电力系统优化运行和控制的最基本要求是安全运行并且能量消耗最少。早期的能量管理是指为满足实际负载的功率需求,自动启动或停止发电机组。最近,许多先进的控制系统加入能量管理。以电力推进船舶的电力系统配置和船舶综合控制系统及其控制层次结构为例,对能量管理系统PMS的目标、组成、具体功能进行详细介绍。     

航海模拟器中岸壁效应的计算方法

狭水道及岸壁效应是对船舶操纵有着重要影响的外界因素,在航海模拟器中,如何很好地模拟船舶在狭水道和近岸航行时在操纵上所受到的影响一直是模拟器研究的一个重要课题,通过对实船试验得到的数据进行分析,针对运河或狭水道对船舶操纵的影响,提出一种在航海操纵模拟器中准确、简单的模拟狭水道及岸壁效应对船舶操纵影响的计算方法。     

舰炮武器系统的优化配置研究

本文针对舰炮武器系统的优化配置问题，提出了该问题的定量描述和定性准则，并给出了解决舰炮武器系统优化配置问题的多目标决策总体模型和思路。