杏仁中央核内注射μ阿片受体激动剂DAMGO增加蔗糖溶液摄入引起的Fos表达

目的探讨杏仁中央核内μ阿片受体对大鼠蔗糖溶液摄入的影响及调节机制。方法杏仁中央核注入μ阿片受体激动剂DAMGO或生理盐水(Saline),测量大鼠对蔗糖溶液及蒸馏水的摄入量;利用免疫组化方法观察注入DAMGO或Saline后,蔗糖溶液摄入引起的Fos免疫阳性神经元的分布和数量。结果与Saline组相比,DAMGO注射增加3h的蔗糖溶液摄入量,并在伏隔核(核),弓状核,外侧下丘脑,吻端、中间及尾端孤束核核团增加蔗糖摄入引起的Fos表达。结论杏仁中央核内μ阿片受体的激活可能通过作用于伏隔核、弓状核、外侧下丘脑及孤束核参与大鼠蔗糖溶液摄入的调节。     

岩溶隧道围岩位移场解析解研究

利用复变函数并结合Schwarz交替法推导了半无限平面内隧道与岩溶之间相互影响的位移和应力解析解。结合实际工程计算得到如下结论：随着岩溶与隧道的净距不断增大,岩溶对隧道的影响越来越小,当溶洞半径是净距的5倍时,可认为岩溶对隧道不产生影响。利用本文得到的岩溶隧道围岩的解析解,可计算得到岩溶影响下隧道围岩的应力和位移值,并且计算结果有较高的精度。     

沥青混合料耐盐溶液浸蚀性能研究

通过测定盐溶液浸蚀条件下的沥青与集料粘附性、沥青混合料残留稳定度、冻融劈裂等试验,对比分析了不同沥青种类和不同盐溶液浓度对沥青混合料材料水稳定性的影响,并结合化学-力学耦合理论分析了盐分对沥青混合料侵蚀机理。实验结果表明,SBS改性沥青与集料的粘附性及耐盐浸蚀性能明显优于普通道路石油沥青,在沥青中预拌消石灰对改善粘附性作用不明显;Na2SO4溶液对沥青与集料粘附性的浸蚀作用大于NaCl溶液;沥青与集料粘附性破坏属于化学-力学耦合损伤效应;沥青混合料随空隙率的增大,稳定度和残留稳定度降低,但流值变化规律不确定;初始的内部缺陷和损伤会导致沥青混凝土冻融劈裂抗拉强度的较大幅度降低。     

SCR系统尿素水溶液消耗量的测量与应用

采用SCR后处理系统的柴油机,由于机内设计时对油耗进行了最大限度的优化,其油耗相对较低。但SCR后处理系统需要额外消耗专用的尿素水溶液来降低NOx排放物,增加使用成本。因此,本文认为,在测量油耗的同时也应测量尿素水溶液的消耗量,从而予以综合评价,并提出切实可行的测量方法。     

TiCx／Fe（Al，Ti）复合材料的常压制备及性能

通过原位反应常压烧结法制备了一种新型的TiCx／Fe（Al,Ti）复合材料,并对Ti3AlC2与Fe的原位反应途径及制备工艺和性能进行了研究,结果表明,Ti3AlG从760℃附近就开始与Fe初步发生原位反应,生成TiCY相．随着烧结温度达到1100℃,Ti3A1G相的衍射峰完全消失,随着温度继续升高到1400℃的烧结温度范围内,所生成的复合材料物相均保持为TiG和Fe（A1,Ti）固溶体不变．反应后,原料中微米尺寸的Ti3AlG颗粒分裂成尺寸约500nm左右的片状小颗粒,各小颗粒与Fe基体紧密连接的．而复合材料的力学性能随着Ti,～C2的体积含量发生变化,当Ti3AlG含量达到时20％,复合材料抗弯强度达到最大为266MPa．     

自行车与轨道交通换乘问题的研究

运用层次分析法论证选择自行车作为轨道交通换乘对象的必要性,研究自行车与轨道交通换乘的可行性,在此基础上提出基于TOPSIS法的自行车与轨道交通换乘站点选址方法,对于解决自行车与轨道交通换乘问题有一定的指导意义。     

自行车与轨道交通换乘问题的研究

运用层次分析法论证选择自行车作为轨道交通换乘对象的必要性,研究自行车与轨道交通换乘的可行性,在此基础上提出基于TOPSIS法的自行车与轨道交通换乘站点选址方法,对于解决自行车与轨道交通换乘问题有一定的指导意义。     

A new look at the external pressure capacity of sandwich pipes

Sandwich Pipes (SPs) have been developed to overcome the required flow assurance and pressure capacity issues in deep and ultra-deep waters. This research aims at studying the influence of certain structural parameters on the pressure capacity (also referred to as the plastic buckling pressure) of Sandwich pipelines. The use of high grade steel pipes, as the internal or external pipes, has also been considered as one of the design parameters in this study. Moreover, a comprehensive parametric study, considering a practical range of the parameters that influence the response of SPs (and considering 3840 SP configurations) was conducted. The results from this large array of pipes were used to formulate a practical equation, capable of estimating the plastic buckling pressure of SPs. The accuracy of the proposed equation was evaluated by comparing the results with the experimental and numerical results available in the literature. The comparative results demonstrated that the proposed equation could predict the buckling capacity of such pipes with a reasonable accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed equation was used, along with a general optimization procedure, to establish the most optimum and cost-effective combination of structural parameters for SPs suitable for use in various water depths.     

淹没垂直圆柱横摇问题的解析研究

应用匹配特征函数展开法建立了有限水深淹没垂直圆柱横摇问题的解析解,通过与边界元方法的对比验证了该方法的正确性.基于上述模型,对淹没圆柱水动力系数进行了研究,结果表明,在大多数频率下,淹没圆柱的附加质量总是大于同样大小的漂浮圆柱,且在高频段近似为漂浮圆柱附加质量的两倍.当淹没深度较大时,圆柱附加质量趋向干常数,辐射阻尼趋...     

A dynamic modeling approach to investigate impacts to protected and low-income populations in highway planning

Environmental justice (EJ) assessment has traditionally focused on identifying distributive effects to protected populations. Federal and State highway improvement programs have been established to stimulate economic development for these populations. While this issue has long been recognized as part of EJ initiatives, no quantitative comparisons of highway construction impacts on protected populations have been reported in the literature. This paper presents a dynamic modeling approach to investigate impacts to protected and low-Income populations in highway planning using an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS) and Genetic Algorithms (GAs) optimization framework. Using census and county level parcel data, the model integrates various socioeconomic factors into a GIS while generating highway alignments using GAs. Examples using county level census data from North Carolina are demonstrated to test the sensitivity of generated highway alignments with constrained distances from protected populations. The results indicate that it is important to consider local social and economic effects, in addition to regional planning objectives when measuring the effectiveness of feasibility studies associated with highway construction. Within the proposed modeling framework attention is directed on various EJ initiatives, such as environmental health and safety laws in minority and low-income areas. The model would help planners, designers, and policy-makers understand the intricate interrelationships among local communities, while facilitating more scientific and economically equitable planning for highway construction projects.