考虑驾驶行为异质性的城市快速路合流区仿真模型

为研究城市快速路合流区车辆运行规律，基于车辆自然轨迹数据，提出考虑驾驶行为异质性的合流区元胞自动机仿真模型。模型将合流区分为上游区域、合流区域及下游区域，3个区域由11条路段组成。首先，利用Kalman滤波算法对自然轨迹数据进行降噪处理；然后，计算每辆车驾驶行为特征参数并进行K-means聚类分析，结合聚类效果评价指标Silhouette系数将驾驶行为分为：保守-谨慎型、激进-谨慎型、保守-轻率型及激进-轻率型这4种类型；最后，依据分类结果， 建立考虑加速度、随机慢化概率异质性的跟驰模型和考虑换道安全间距、换道决策的多级异质性换道模型。在各空间占有率的情境下，基于Matlab进行数值仿真，统计同质驾驶行为和异质驾驶 行为条件下，合流区域车道的流量、密度、速度、时空位置及换道频率等参数。仿真结果表明：在空间占有率为10%~20%时，同质交通流相比异质交通流更容易产生局部交通拥堵和交通流失效情境，并且同质交通流量峰值比异质交通量小27.1%；随着空间占有率的增加，同质车辆和异质车辆驾驶频率均呈现增加-稳定-下降的趋势，而异质驾驶行为换道频率的极大值比同质交通流高 20.74%。     

新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备叶片的优化与仿真

为深入了解新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备的性能,对其叶片结构的流场特性和设备在流场中的动力收集特性进行仿真研究.建立不同结构叶片和不同数量叶片的二维模型,通过仿真计算,得到不同结构叶片的流场状态,以及叶片数分别为3、4和6时设备的合力和转矩大小.研究结果表明:在矩形叶片上开长方形孔能明显改善叶片后方的涡流,提高叶片的性能;当入口速度不变时,设备所受合力和转矩会随叶片数量的增加而增大;当叶片数量不变时,设备所受合力和转矩会随入口速度的增加而增大.研究结果可为新型竖直轴海洋能发电设备的结构设计与优化提供参考.     

船载养殖水体纵摇运动下流场特性数值分析

发展以大型游弋式养殖工船可为深蓝渔业提供新的养殖手段。本文基于STAR-CCM数值计算软件研究了纵摇运动下养殖液舱内流场特性和壁面压力,建立了养殖液舱内适渔性的评估方法。典型海况中船舶纵摇运动对养殖液舱中流场的影响研究表明：当养殖液舱纵摇频率一定时,液舱内流速及壁面压力随纵摇幅值增大而增大；当养殖液舱纵摇与养殖水体发生共振时,液舱内流速及壁面压力急剧增大,对养殖对象安全及结构强度均有较大不利影响。对于海上养殖工船的养殖安全运行,选择风浪流条件合适的渔场,结合船体耐波性研究,优化船体型线,调节养殖舱水体固有频率,避开共振运动,是养殖工船适渔性研究的一个重要方向。     

三维复杂群桩水流力特性数值模拟研究

本文利用ANSYS Fluent,通过建立的三维水动力数值模型研究了矩型圆柱群桩在不同桩距条件下的水流纵向水流力、横向水流力及总水流力分布规律。同时,对目前实际工程中常用的菱型、圆型及哑铃型圆柱群桩在不同桩距下的纵向水流力、横向水流力及总水流力进行了研究。     

Flexible riser-bend stiffener top connection analytical model with I-tube

The flexible riser top connection to the floating unit is a critical region considering extreme loading and fatigue lifetime assessment and is generally protected by a bend stiffener to limit the curvature in this region. The top connection usually interface the floating unit with two main configurations: i) end-fitting and bend stiffener directly connected to a riser balcony or ii) riser connected to the floating unit in the end of an I-tube, which reduces the end-fitting bending loading, and bend stiffener assembled to a bellmouth with a given inclination in relation to the I-tube longitudinal axis. The traditional modeling approach considers the riser/bend stiffener system attached to the floating unit, representative of the first configuration. A more realistic modeling approach, capturing the complex interactions of flexible riser/bend stiffener with I-tube interface can be employed for preliminary assessment with less conservatism. In this work, a large deflection analytical beam model is developed for the riser top connection with I-tube considering the bellmouth transition region with a straight rigid surface followed by a curved section. The riser follows a nonlinear bending behavior described by a bilinear moment vs curvature function and the bend stiffener polyurethane material exhibits nonlinear elastic symmetric response represented by a power law function. It is assumed that there is no gap between the riser and the bend stiffener and the riser is fixed in the end-fitting position. The mathematical formulation of the statically indeterminate system results in three systems of coupled differential equations combined with the corresponding multipoint boundary conditions to be numerically solved by an iterative procedure. A case study is carried out with a 7” flexible riser protected by a bend stiffener connected to an inclined I-tube bellmouth. The system is subjected to extreme loading conditions and the influence of the sleeve shape and I-tube length on the riser curvature distribution, including the end-fitting position, and contact forces between the riser/sleeve and riser/bend stiffener sections are assessed.     

基于SolidWorks的AUV耐压舱体设计与校核

自主式水下航行器的耐压和密封是非常关键的两方面,基于SolidWorks软件对324型AUV耐压舱体进行了设计与仿真校核。综合考虑薄膜理论和不连续效应,根据NSGA-Ⅱ算法实现多目标优化,确定出直舱和封头的基本尺寸,利用美国海军试验水槽公式和稳定条件进行初步验证,以保证强度和稳定性。根据得出的几何尺寸在SolidWorks里完成三维建模,并在Simulation模块中完成数值模拟仿真,最终对舱体进行实际耐压试验,将结果和理论计算、软件仿真进行对比。针对直舱段舱体不同尺寸和材料进行了三维建模和数值仿真,得出相应结论。     

编队飞行中基于危险区域的后机最优位置研究

编队飞行是实现民航绿色发展的重要措施之一。在前机尾涡危险区域分析的基础上，科学确定后机最优位置是编队飞行的关键。首先，以随机两阶段尾涡消散模型为基础，利用Hallock-Burnham涡模型和诱导滚转力矩系数模型分析后机诱导滚转力矩系数的演变规律。然后，基于设定的安全阈值，给出前机尾涡危险区域，并考虑飞行高度、速度和风对危险区域的影响。最后，基于后机不同位置处的燃油流量减少率，得出编队飞行中后机最优位置。研究结果表明：后机诱导滚转力矩系数随着前、后机之间横向距离的增加，呈先增后减再增的趋势；随纵向距离的增加，呈先缓慢减小后快速减小的趋势；高度越高、速度越小，诱导滚转力矩系数的峰值越高。飞行高度越高、速度越小，前机初始尾涡的危险区域越大；随着纵向距离的增加，危险区域不断减小，并随涡核的下沉不断下降。侧风使危险区域发生偏离，侧风越大，偏离程度越大。顺风会增加危险区域的纵向距离，顶风则与之相反。两架B737-800飞机在12000 m高度以0.78马赫数进行编队飞行时，前、后机纵向距离3000m处，无风情况下后机最优位置为横向距离30 m 或-30 m、垂直距离29 m，此时燃油流量减少率为7.01%。相较于无风，左侧风20 m·s -1 下，燃油流量减少率和垂直距离不变，横向距离增加；顺风20 m·s -1 下，燃油流量减少率增加，横向距离不变，垂直距离减少；顶风20 m·s -1 下，燃油流量减少率减小，横向距离不变，垂直距离增加。     

Numerical simulation on truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating into stiffened plate北大核心CSCD

[Objectives]In this paper, the numerical simulation method is used to study the anti-penetration performance and energy absorption mode of a stiffened plate, as well as the influence of different stiffened bars on the flight attitude of the projectile body.[Methods] Finite element software LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of a truncated oval-nosed projectile penetrating a stiffened plate, and the results of the numerical simulation are compared with an experiment to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The momentum method and mass equivalence method are used to predict the residual velocity of the projectile, and the applicability of different theoretical methods within different velocity ranges is compared. The deformation energy of different regions of the stiffened plate is then extracted to analyze the influence of the initial velocity of the projectile body on the energy absorption mode of the target plate. Finally, the structure of the stiffeners is changed and the influence of the relative position of the stiffeners on the penetration attitude of the projectile body is analyzed.[Results]The results show that the mass equivalence method is more accurate than the momentum method in predicting the residual velocity of the stiffened plate when the initial velocity of the projectile body is in the range of 300–900 m/s. The ratio of the deformation energy of the stiffened plate to the energy loss of the projectile body decreases with the increase of the initial velocity of the projectile body. The effect of a T-stiffened plate on trajectory is greater than that of a rectangular-stiffened plate.[Conclusions]The related calculation method and research results have certain reference value for research and engineering application surrounding the anti-penetration of stiffened plates. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

大跨度系杆拱桥主拱钢-混凝土结合段受力状态分析

以鹰潭市余信贵大跨度中承式钢管混凝土系杆拱桥为研究对象,利用有限元软件分别建立大桥整体数值模型与钢-混凝土结合段局部实体数值模型,计算分析主拱钢-混凝土结合段在设计荷载作用下的受力状态与承载能力。分析结果表明:在持久状况荷载组合下,主拱肋钢-混凝土结合段模型变形连续,最大变形量为0.030 m,主拱肋钢-混凝土结合段结构刚度及变形满足要求;钢-混凝土结合段混凝土最大拉应力为1.63 MPa,钢结构部分Von-Mises等效应力最大值为236 MPa,均小于容许应力,满足结构设计要求;为避免应力集中,须对钢-混凝土结合段的坡口进行细化设计,或调整主跨系杆的张拉力。