大气折射对电波传播的影响

电磁波在不均匀大气中传播时会产生折射,导致其传播方向和传播速度发生变化。等效地球半径法被广泛应用于大气中电波传播的计算问题。文章介绍了等效地球半径的两种定义,讨论了两种定义的区别和联系及其应用局限,分析了电磁波在等效地球和真实地球上传播参数之间的关系及计算。     

Green-Naghdi theory, part A: Green-Naghdi (GN) equations for shallow water waves

In this work,Green-Naghdi (GN) equations with general weight functions were derived in a simple way. A wave-absorbing beach was also considered in the general GN equations. A numerical solution for a level higher than 4 was not feasible in the past with the original GN equations. The GN equations for shallow water waves were simplified here, which make the application of high level (higher than 4) equations feasible. The linear dispersion relationships of the first seven levels were presented. The accuracy of dispersion relationships increased as the level increased. Level 7 GN equations are capable of simulating waves out to wave number times depth . Numerical simulation of nonlinear water waves was performed by use of Level 5 and 7 GN equations, which will be presented in the next paper.     

半潜式平台极限状态评估

对某半潜式钻井平台,采用ANSYS建立有限元计算模型,进行了典型波浪荷载作用下平台非线性垮塌性分析,不考虑几何非线性和初始缺陷的影响。分析结果表明,平台最终的失效形式和水动力荷载作用形式十分相关,初始失效部位和最终失效状态各不相同。文中对ANSYS计算模型和SESAM计算模型进行了对比,在相同的荷载条件下分别计算了两个模型,比较ANSYS计算结果和SESAM计算结果及ABS和DNV规范理论结果,三者结果吻合较好。对非线性垮塌分析结果进行了讨论,通过对截面力作用形式的分析,建立了两类半潜式平台极限状态方程。文中半潜式平台非线性垮塌分析结果可以作为基于ABS和DNV规范的半潜式平台极限状态的基准性研究。     

三体船随浪中的完整稳性研究

随浪航行波峰位于船中时,容易引起单体船稳性的丧失,但是此结论对三体船是否适用尚待进一步研究。以一条三体船型为例,研究了三体船型在波浪中的完整稳性。对侧体不同位置的多种方案进行了计算。结果表明:当侧体纵向位置位于船舯、船尾和舯前(侧体横向位置较大)时,波浪中的初稳性较静水中反而有所增加,波浪中的大倾角稳性的最大复原力臂也比静水中有所增加,稳性消失角有所减小;当侧体纵向位置位于舯前(侧体的横向位置较小)时,波浪中的初稳性较静水中有所下降,波浪中大倾角稳性的最大复原力臂与静水中比较明显下降。     

直墙建筑物后不规则波越浪压力试验研究*

越浪作用直接关系到直墙建筑物的安全、顶高程的决定等问题.采用物理模型试验,研究不规则波越浪压力在不同基床肩宽、基床高度、胸墙顶端相对静水面高度与波浪要素等因素影响下的规律.通过最小二乘法和非线性多元回归分析,拟合出无因次越浪压力和各主要影响因素相互关系的计算公式,供工程设计参考与进一步研究.     

海洋内波可见光光学反射特性研究

照片尺寸为20mm＊30mm;最好不用红色背景建立海面光学成像理论模型研究海洋内波是国内外有关研究机构的热点之一。文章初步讨论了太阳耀斑在光学卫星上的影响,结合海面光学可见光反射率模型,基于Cox-Munk模型计算了海面的辐亮度,并研究了海面风速、海面油膜对海面太阳辐亮度影响,并分析比较了它们的计算结果。     

Nonlinear programming methods based on closed-form expressions for optimal train control

This paper proposes a novel approach to solve the complex optimal train control problems that so far cannot be perfectly tackled by the existing methods, including the optimal control of a fleet of interacting trains, and the optimal train control involving scheduling. By dividing the track into subsections with constant speed limit and constant gradient, and assuming the train’s running resistance to be a quadratic function of speed, two different methods are proposed to solve the problems of interest. The first method assumes an operation sequence of maximum traction – speedholding – coasting – maximum braking on each subsection of the track. To maintain the mathematical tractability, the maximum tractive and maximum braking functions are restricted to be decreasing and piecewise-quadratic, based on which the terminal speed, travel distance and energy consumption of each operation can be calculated in a closed-form, given the initial speed and time duration of that operation. With these closed-form expressions, the optimal train control problem is formulated and solved as a nonlinear programming problem. To allow more flexible forms of maximum tractive and maximum braking forces, the second method applies a constant force on each subsection. Performance of these two methods is compared through a case study of the classic single-train control on a single journey. The proposed methods are further utilised to formulate more complex optimal train control problems, including scheduling a subway line while taking train control into account, and simultaneously optimising the control of a leader-follower train pair under fixed- and moving-block signalling systems.     

基于外延三角形接线的24脉波整流变压器分析

针对轨道交通供电系统的谐波问题,提出利用24脉波整流变压器是从根本上解决谐波的最好方式之一.详述了谐波的大小和整流的关系,从理论上解释了采用24脉波整流的意义.在此基础上,分析了24脉波整流变压器的工作原理,重点分析了移相7.5°的原理与接线方式.研究了如何选取外延匝数的理论公式,并指出其存在的问题.分析了24脉波整流各相序的电压矢量图,画出了24脉波的输出波形图.     

船舶参数激励非线性随机横摇运动分析

研究了随机纵浪中船舶的参数激励横摇运动。将船舶初稳性高作为时变的随机参数激励,应用随机平均法和FPK方程,分析了船舶的参数激励横摇运动微分方程。考虑航速、船舶瞬时湿表面积及随机波浪,建立了船舶横摇幅值概率密度、概率分布函数及其均值的计算方法。以某渔政船为例,计算了不同航速时船舶随机横摇幅值的概率密度、概率分布函数及其均值。结果表明,参数激励谱峰频率为横摇固有频率的2倍时,发生主参数共振,船舶横摇严重,船舶倾覆发生的概率增加。     

沥青粘结料粘弹性参数确定方法的研究

沥青是一种典型的粘弹性体，其粘弹性特性对沥青路面的使用性能具有重要的影响。文章以粘弹性力学理论为基础，采用Burgers模型模拟直接拉伸试验测定沥青粘结料的粘弹性特性，提出确定粘弹性参数的非线性模型，并介绍利用大型统计软件SPSS求解粘弹性参数的方法。