新建兰州北机务段中修厂房组合工艺方案设计

结合兰州北机务段的工程设计实例,对机车中修工艺流程和厂房组合形式进行了探究。针对检修工作量大,建设场地受编组站限制的主要特点,讨论了车体定位修和流水修2种工艺,并通过多角度地对比和分析,得出流水修工艺是适应兰州北机务段需求的最佳方案。与定位修工艺对比,流水修工艺能够有效提高检修能力和作业效率,进而为优化机务设备生产力布局创造了有利条件。     

深圳北站综合枢纽在"高铁链接城市"中的探索

深圳北站是深圳的高铁火车站,高铁如何与城市链接,突破传统火车站的模式,是深圳北站综合枢纽建设过程中积极探索研究的重要课题.从总体布局、轨道交通规划,功能布局设计等方面,分析深圳北站综合枢纽的设计方案,并总结和提炼出深圳北站综合枢纽设计中贯穿的"八大理念".     

北美小汽车共用的发展状况

小汽车共用作为一种比较有积极意义的交通方式,在欧洲及北美得到快速发展。从阐述小汽车共用基本概念开始,介绍了北美小汽车共用的发展状况,主要包括小汽车共用组织数量、会员和车辆的发展趋势、会员与车辆的比例、商业模式、现状和未来的人口市场及费用结构等,以期对我国发展小汽车共用提供一些有益的启示。     

The North Norfolk Coastline: A Complex Legacy

The North Norfolk coast is a naturally eroding coastline that has been subject to various management strategies over time, many of which have impeded its natural evolution. The Kelling to Lowestoft-Ness Shoreline Management Plan underpins management of the North Norfolk coast, advocating policies of managed realignment and no active intervention for much of this coastline. Implementation of these policies would give rise to significant loss of housing in North Norfolk during the course of this century. This has caused intense conflict between local communities and coastal planners, with the former feeling abandoned to the vagaries of natural coastal processes. Coastal planners need to work closely with local communities to implement a long-term vision for a sustainable coast. The issues of conflicting land-use planning policies and compensation for affected communities must be addressed. The wider implications of current management strategies are not fully understood and may, in some cases, be unsustainable.     

浦东国际机场北通道(申江路—主进场路)新建工程主线高架桥梁现浇连续箱梁施工

浦东国际机场北通道作为中环线向东延伸线,是连接中环线和上海浦东国际机场间的快速通道。着重阐述北通道14标主线高架桥梁现浇连续箱梁的施工方法及技术保证措施,可为同类工程提供参考。     

北亚得里亚海集装箱港口群市场前景分析

欧洲发达市场是全球集装箱海运重要板块,对其市场发展潜力分析是中资企业参与欧洲集装箱港口投资的必要前提。集装箱港口市场发展潜力受多种因素影响,以腹地生产法进行市场预测是当前的主流方法,但该方法主要以外贸需求作为变量,存在片面性。针对当前海外港口集装箱市场分析中存在的问题,提出最优路径模型下港口集装箱市场规模预测,并以亚得里亚海北部港口群作为典型案例予以说明。分析表明,最优路径模型在大范围集装箱港口市场规模分析中具有较好的适应性,能够为投资决策提供参考。     

Circulation features in the Japan/East Sea related to statistically obtained wind patterns in the warm season

A response of the circulation in the Japan/East Sea (JES) to different kinds of wind forcing is studied, with the emphasis on the warm season, using a primitive equation oceanic model. Wind forcing is based on typical patterns obtained from complex empirical orthogonal functions of 1°-gridded NCEP/NCAR 6 h winds for 1998–2005. These patterns are distinguished by a prevailing wind direction. Northwestern wind and strong cyclonic (C) curl prevail in winter, while a variety of patterns occur in the warm season, differing in the wind direction and curl. Three model runs are performed to examine the circulation in response to a prevailing C wind stress curl or an alternating C and anticyclonic (AC) curl or a strong C curl in the warm season. The simulated features are consistent with the observational evidence, in particular with thermal fronts and frequent eddy locations derived from multi-year infrared satellite imagery. The simulated C circulation intensifies and the subarctic region extends southward with the strengthening of a summer C wind stress curl over the JES. Variability of Subarctic Front (SF) in the western JES (between 130°E and 133°E) is strongly affected by summer wind stress curl. Forcing by an AC curl tends to shift SF northward, while SF shifts to the south under the forcing by a C curl, reaching the southern Ulleung Basin in the case of the strong C curl. In the northwestern JES (off Peter the Great Bay, Russia, and North Korea), the SF northwestern branch (NWSF) is simulated. It is a known feature in autumn and early winter and can also occur in the warm season. The simulation results suggest an AC wind stress curl as the forcing of the formation of the NWSF in the warm season. The Siberia Seamount and sharply bending coastline near Peter the Great Bay facilitate partial separation of the Primorye (Liman) Current from the coast. The wind stress curl can be an additional forcing of the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) branching off the Korea Strait to the East Korea Warm Current (EKWC) and the offshore branch (OB). In the warm season, the simulated TWC bifurcation occurs farther north, the EKWC is strong, and the OB is weak under the forcing of the AC wind stress curl. The EKWC is weak and the OB is strong under the forcing of the strong C wind stress curl.     

Long-term sea surface temperature baselines—time series, spatial covariation and implications for biological processes

Coastal areas such as estuaries, bays and fjords usually have hydrographic characteristics (e.g., temperature, salinity) which differ from those at larger spatial scales and in offshore areas. The differences can arise if the areas are subject to different climatic forcing or if they are relatively isolated from each other due to topographic and ocean circulation features which inhibit advective inputs of water mass properties. Local differences in hydrographic conditions can therefore potentially limit the applicability of existing long time series of coastally monitored temperatures for addressing questions at large spatial scales, such as the response of species distributions and phenologies to climate change. In this study we investigate the spatial synchrony of long-term sea surface temperatures in the North Sea–Baltic Sea region as measured daily at four coastal sites (Marsdiep, Netherlands; Torungen, Norway; Skagens Reef, Denmark; and Christiansø, Denmark) and in several large offshore areas. All time series, including two series reconstructed and intercalibrated for this study (Skagens Reef and Christiansø, Denmark), began during 1861–1880 and continue until at least 2001. Temperatures at coastal sites co-varied strongly with each other and with opportunistically measured offshore temperatures despite separation distances between measuring locations of 20–1200 km. This covariance is probably due to the influence of large-scale atmospheric processes on regional temperatures and is consistent with the known correlation radius of atmospheric fluctuations (ca. 1000 km). Differences (e. g, long-term trends, amplitude of seasonal variations) between coastal temperatures and those measured in adjacent offshore areas varied nonrandomly over time and were often significantly autocorrelated up to 2 years. These differences suggest that spatial variations in physical oceanographic phenomena and sampling heterogeneities associated with opportunistic sampling could affect perceptions of biological responses to temperature fluctuations. The documentation that the coastally measured temperatures co-vary with those measured opportunistically in offshore areas suggests that the coastal data, which have been measured daily using standardized methods and instruments, contain much of the variability seen at larger spatial scales. We conclude that both types of time series can facilitate assessments of how species and ecosystems have responded to past temperature changes and how they may react to future temperature changes.     

北美轨道交通市场PTC系统

对北美市场主动列车控制(positive train control，PTC)系统进行简要概述，包括市场背景介绍、系统需求和功能描述，通用系统架构定义等；另外，介绍目前的美国市场主流产品和供应商，重点介绍ACSES和I-ETMS两种产品以及不同的技术发展线路；基于美国轨道交通协议于2017年底发布的统计数据，介绍PTC系统目前的市场应用情况以及发展前景；最后，对比PTC、CBTC和ETCS不同的技术标准之间的差异和共同点，并参考主流商业产品提出产品商业化的思路。     

国外内河集装箱运输发展现状及趋势分析

通过对国外内河集装箱运输发展较好的主要国家和地区有关内河集装箱运输发展历程、航道及主要港口码头、船型及组织方式等基本情况的介绍,深入分析了国外内河集装箱运输发展的基本特点和主要趋势,总结了值得中国借鉴的国外内河集装箱运输发展经验。