海洋平台压缩机管系气流脉动分析

在开发海上天然气资源过程中,压缩机管道振动会造成管道结构疲劳破坏、计测仪表失真或损坏等严重的危害,而气流脉动是导致往复式压缩机管系振动的根本原因。对气流脉动产生的原因进行简要分析,并根据转移矩阵法,在得到各管系单元的转移矩阵的基础上,采用MATLAB编程设计压缩机管系气柱固有频率的预报系统,对一段复杂管系的气柱固有频率进行计算,将其与试验值相对比,验证该预报系统的可靠性。采用Bentley PULS XM软件对某海洋平台的部分压缩机管道系统进行压力脉动计算,并将计算结果与规范要求相比较,对其管道系统的不合理的部分进行优化。     

Large deformation coupled analysis of embedded pipeline – Soil lateral interaction

Subsea pipelines buried in the seabed may undergo large lateral displacement under environmental, operational, and accidental loads at different interaction rates and hence different drainage conditions. The undrained shear strength is commonly used in practice to assess the pipe-soil interaction assuming a sufficiently high displacement rate. This approach neglects consolidation effects and the rate-dependent response of the soil and may significantly underestimates the lateral resistance for a pipeline moving slowly relative to the ground. In this study, a coupled large deformation finite element (LDFE) framework is developed via a remeshing and interpolation technique with small strain (RITSS). A Modified Cam-Clay (MCC) model with efficient numerical integration is used. The proposed coupled LDFE framework is verified against selected physical model tests. Effects of the interaction rate and hence drainage condition on the p-y curve, excess pore pressure generation and dissipation, and failure mechanisms are discussed. An empirical relationship between the ultimate resistance and the normalized velocity of the pipe (denoting the drainage condition) is proposed, which may be applied for the integrity and safety analysis of buried pipes in landslide or fault-crossing regions.     

Vibration-assisted decommissioning of a slip joint: Application to an offshore wind turbine

An alternative option to the traditional grouted joint for wind turbines is a direct steel-to-steel connection, also known as slip joint. In a recently published work, a proof of concept of a vibration-assisted installation and decommissioning technique of a slip joint was illustrated. Leveraging on the obtained results, the current study shows for the first time a decommissioning campaign carried out using a vibration-assisted technique applied on a prototype hydraulic wind turbine tower located in the North Sea, and connected to the monopile through a slip joint. The key aspect of the dismounting procedure is a priori knowledge of the resonance frequency clusters corresponding to the slip joint’s cross-sectional modes. Therefore, field hammer tests and experimental modal analysis were carried out inside the wind turbine tower. The identified frequencies and mode shapes were then compared with numerical ones estimated by a finite element model of the investigated structure. The comparison showed that a set of frequency clusters can be directly selected from a detailed numerical model. The preparatory work of the slip joint decommissioning was then executed by installing electric shaker devices, based on the dynamic identification results, and hydraulic jacks mounted inside the wind turbine tower. A first decommissioning trial was carried out in May 2019, while the final decommissioning was performed in August 2019. After analysing the measurements of the hydraulic pressures, displacements and excitation frequencies during the decommissioning campaigns, the results showed that it is possible to disconnect the slip joint if, in combination to a vertical static force, one of the identified cross-sectional mode shapes is excited. The vibration-assisted decommissioning proved to be a successful technique to dismount the connection in a controlled and straightforward manner.     

Ultimate load analysis of a 10 MW offshore monopile wind turbine incorporating fully nonlinear irregular wave kinematics

Loads from storm waves can in some cases be dimensioning for offshore wind turbine substructures. Accurate determination of nonlinear wave loads is therefore important for a safe, yet economic design. In this paper, the fully nonlinear waves, realized by a fully nonlinear potential wave solver OceanWave3D, are incorporated into coupled aero-servo-hydro-elastic simulations for a reduced set of wave-sensitive design load cases, in comparison with the widely used linear and constrained waves. The coupled aero-elastic simulations are performed for the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine on a large monopile at 33 m water depth using the aero-elastic code HAWC2. Effect of the wave nonlinearity is investigated in terms of the ultimate sectional moments at tower bottom and monopile mudline. Higher ultimate moments, 5% at tower bottom and 13% at monopile mudline as maximum, are predicated when the nonlinear waves are used. It could be explained by the fact that the extreme nonlinear waves, that are close to the breaking limit, can induce resonant ringing-type responses, and hereby dominate the ultimate load responses. However, the constrained wave approach shows marginal difference compared to the standard linear wave approach. It can be concluded at least for the present configuration that the industry standard approaches (linear and constrained wave approach) underestimate the ultimate load responses on offshore wind turbines in severe sea states.     

悬索桥的发展历史与研究现状

悬索桥经历了近两百年的发展,已成为超大跨度桥梁的最优选择桥型之一.本文概括总结了悬索桥的发展历史和目前研究现状;介绍了在工程实践中迫切需要解决的关键问题,对目前提出的各种解决途径进行了评价.以期对悬索桥的设计、施工和科研人员有所帮助.     

A study on improving the course-keeping ability of a pure car carrier in windy conditions

The course-keeping ability of a pure car carrier (PCC) in windy conditions is discussed in this article. Numerical simulations of two PCCs were carried out to compare their course-keeping abilities in wind. The two PCCs had the same hull form but different types of rudder. One PCC was fitted with a semispade rudder (hereinafter, the normal rudder), whereas the other was fitted with a spade-type Schilling rudder (hereinafter, the Schilling rudder). Both PCCs were designed to a new concept for the accommodation structure and hull form above the load water line. In this new design concept, there are no sharp corners in the superstructure so as to reduce wind resistance and improve steering performance. The limits of course keeping for the two PCCs were investigated through simulations. The course-keeping abilities of the two PCCs, each with two different types of autopilot system, were also investigated in wind. To develop the numerical simulation, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the two PCCs were predicted based on the data published for a third PCC having similar principal particulars. The numerical model of the two PCCs was validated by comparing its behavior with the respective full-scale trial results. Wind resistance coefficients were predicted by combining the results of wind tunnel experiments of the object PCCs and a regression model. Numerical simulations under steady wind conditions were also carried out and the results compared with some full-scale experiments to validate the mathematical model of the PCC.     

贵港船闸人字门安装工艺

文章详述了贵港船闸人字门的安装方法及质量控制要点,介绍了利用40T汽车起重机吊装门叶,与背拉杆预应力值“调零”、门体跳动量调整方法、环氧垫料浇注“三快”要素等简便快捷、安全可靠的安装方法,为同类型船闸人字门安装工程提供参考。     

全风向梯度集沙仪的研制

兰新铁路风区防风沙工程的建设对保证列车风区安全行驶至关重要,而掌握风沙流规律是防沙工程设计的基础,为此,根据历史大风特征统计分析结果研制了全风向梯度集沙仪,对风沙流进行现场观测。全风向梯度集沙仪为兰新铁路第二双线防沙减灾工程的建设提供了基础数据依据。     

模拟器在信号故障处理中的应用

根据铁路运输中的实际情况,苏州轨道交通1号线信号系统使用SICAS计算机联锁系统,通过元素接口模块直接控制和监督室外设备及接口设备工作状态。模拟器可实现动态信号系统硬件接口电路和平台幕门最大化的静态模拟,方便的故障诊断和故障处理。     

深远海设施人员应急撤离路径优化模型

针对深远海设施人员应急撤离路线优化问题,基于深水半潜式支持平台船体实际环境信息,考虑各可撤离路径的通行能力,引入拥挤度和撤离时间来计算人员路阻函数,构建人员撤离路径优化模型.以一个小型多源多汇拓扑网络的人员撤离方案为例,分别求解人员撤离路径优化模型和传统最短撤离路径模型,并对计算结果进行对比分析,验证人员撤离路径优化模型的有效性.