Corrosion characteristics of coated automotive parts subjected to field and proving ground tests

This project evaluated the corrosion damage over a five-year period of organic coated steels in automotive chassis parts during P/G and field tests using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. EIS can provide both quantitative kinetic and mechanistic information about the performance of organic coating/metal systems. The difference in coating performance between the P/G and field test specimens was assessed in relation to the impedance parameters. In particular, it was found that the coating resistance and charge transfer resistance could be used to estimate the difference in corrosion damage between the P/G and field test specimens. The coating performance of the P/G and field test specimens was visually evaluated using SEM. The mechanism of corrosion occurring in the P/G test was similar to that taking place in the field test. The field test environment was about ten times as corrosive as the P/G environment in terms of the electrochemical impedance parameters and surface analysis.     

掺硅灰对中等强度混凝土力学性能影响的试验研究

硅灰作为一种活性粉末,掺入混凝土中能有效地提高混凝土的抗压强度、弯拉强度、耐磨性和抗渗性等．因而被大量应用于高强、高性能混凝土的研制中。通过试验研究硅灰不同掺量对中等强度混凝土力学性能——抗压强度、抗折强度、劈裂强度、应力应变和弹性模量等的影响,初步得到中等强度混凝土中硅灰的合理掺量,有助于提升硅灰在路面混凝土中的应用价值和前景．     

新型船体防污漆应用研究

防污漆是决定舰船使用寿命的重要因素之一,随着世界涂料工业的发展,船体防污漆的性能也得到了极大的提升,不同原理的新型防污漆相继问世。本文重点结合实船的使用经验探讨了有机硅弹性体污底控制防污漆的各项性能、施工工艺以及清洁维护等特点,为该类型防污漆的使用提供了参考。     

船舶绿色涂装装备与颗粒物排放治理技术

针对船舶涂装污染物排放问题,进行绿色表面除锈清理和大包装喷涂工艺装备研发,结合涂装工艺改进与装备升级,开展涂装粉尘、漆雾和挥发性有机污染物(Volatile Organic Compound,VOC)排放治理技术研究。绿色涂装工艺装备可有效减少粉尘,VOC最大减排率达12.5%。颗粒物治理技术综合应用结果表明,绿色涂装工艺装备的应用和涂装工艺改进可有效减少污染物排放。     

矿物掺合料对ASR抑制效能的试验研究

大量研究表明,矿物掺合材是预防ASR最实用、最经济和有效的途径。现行铁路客运专线标准中纳入了《矿物掺合料及外加剂抑制碱-骨料反应有效性试验方法》,从而使得部分砂浆棒膨胀率在0.2%~0.3%的碱-硅酸反应活性骨料的应用成为可行。本试验中采用该方法对比研究了粉煤灰掺量和掺合料种类对活性骨料ASR膨胀的抑制效果。试验结果表明,矿物掺合料对ASR膨胀的抑制效果显著,可以用此方法优选矿物掺合料的品种和掺量。     

掺硅粉混凝土在路面工程中的应用研究

在分析硅粉对混凝土作用机理的基础上,从抗折强度和经济性两方面研究了路面混凝土的硅粉最优掺量,并从强度、疲劳特性、脆性、耐磨性和抗冻性等路用性能方面进行了研究.结果表明,与不掺硅粉路面混凝土相比,路面混凝土中按最佳掺量15~20 kg/m3掺入硅粉,能显著提高路面混凝土的路用性能和降低工程造价.最后对掺硅粉路面混凝土施工工艺和技术经济性进行了分析,表明掺硅粉混凝土在路面工程中的应用是可行的.     

生物柴油对柴油机燃油系统橡胶、金属和塑料件的性能影响研究

研究了多种橡胶、金属和塑料在3种生物柴油中浸泡28天后的质量、尺寸及外观变化,并与0号柴油的结果进行对比。试验结果表明:生物柴油对氟橡胶的溶胀性影响与0号柴油相近,但对丁腈橡胶的影响略大于0号柴油;生物柴油对铝、45号钢及3种塑料几乎没有影响;大豆油和泔水油对紫铜和黄铜有明显的腐蚀作用,而麻疯树油对铜片的腐蚀与0号柴油相近。     

矿物发泡型和有机降粘型温拌沥青混合料性能研究

文章通过采用马歇尔试验、水稳定性试验及高温稳定性试验方法，对比分析了矿物发泡型和有机降粘型两种温拌添加剂对沥青混合料各项性能的影响。结果表明：温拌添加剂会对沥青混合料的性能产生影响，但满足现有行业规范的要求，可大力推广应用。     

Composition-dependent mechanical and thermal transport properties of carbon/silicon core/shell nanowires

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to study the composition-dependent elastic modulus and thermal conductivity for carbon/silicon core/shell nanowires (NWs). For each concerned carbon/silicon core/shell NW with a specified diameter, it is found that elastic modulus is reduced with a linear dependence on cross-sectional area ratio. The fact matches well with the results of theoretical model. Analysis based on the cross-sectional stress distribution indicates that the core region of core/shell NW is capable of functioning as a mechanical support. On the other hand, thermal conductivity also relies on the cross-sectional area ratio of amorphous silicon shell. The core/shell interface plays a considerable influence on the thermal transport property. The decreasing rate of thermal conductivity is gradually decreased as the composition of amorphous silicon shell increases. In addition, by calculating the phonon density of state, we demonstrate that the reduction in thermal conductivity of the core/shell NW stems from the increase of the low frequency modes and the depression of high-frequency nonpropagating diffusion modes. These results provide an effective way to modify the properties of core/shell NWs for related application.     

锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展

本文阐述了锂离子负极材料的基本特性,综述了碳类材料、硅类材料以及这两种材料形成的复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究及开发应用现状.