数字铁路框架体系的研究

数字铁路是基于地理信息系统(GIS)、全球卫星定位系统(GPS)、遥感(RS)、信息系统、物联网、虚拟化、信息集成等技术,研究中国铁路基础设施、移动装备及铁路环境的数字化,实现铁路服务资源和运力资源的全面管理和直观展示的新一代铁路信息系统. 它是在现有铁路信息系统基础上的改造和完善,对于提升铁路管理、服务的水平和形象,保证运输安全具有重要作用. 本文分析了数字铁路的主要研究内容及关键技术,提出了数字铁路总体框架和标准体系,并对其中铁路地理信息平台进行了结构设计,对于建设数字铁路具有重要指导意义.     

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突发事件一旦发生,应急物资需求种类是纷繁复杂的,应急物流中的物资需求又是紧迫的、动态变化的. 为了提高应急物流的运作效率,救援管理人员需要对应急物资进行分级. 本文提出一种基于后验概率支持向量机的应急物资分类方法,并在此基础上建立应急物资分类模型. 把物资的重要性、时效性和缺口程度三个因素作为物资需求分级的评价标准,将模糊化后的评价值作为PPSVM的输入,选择后验概率最大所的类别作为测试样本的类别输出来完成整个分类过程,从而得到对应的分级结果. 实验结果表明,PPSVM用于应急物资分类是可行的,能够很好地解决应急物资的分类问题.     

Safety Evaluation for Freeway Exit Ramp Based on Speed Consistency

Speed differential has direct relationship with road safety. Conventional speed consistency measures draw sample data from independent population that follows a normal distribution. These methods may fall into ecological fallacy and overestimate the safety level of road elements. After deducing the relationship between the difference in operating speed ΔV₈₅ and85(ΔV), the 85^th percentile value of individual speed reduction, this paper recommends 85(ΔV) and speed reduction rate 85(ΔV)R is used to evaluate ramp safety. Point speeds of individual vehicle at freeway diverge area, upper ramp, and lower ramp are collected by radar guns. Safety performance of 37 exit ramps are appraised using three different measures, namely, ΔV₈₅, 85(ΔV), and 85(ΔV)R. The results show that 85(ΔV) is 1.42 to 2.02 times of ΔV₈₅, and that the evaluation result of 85(ΔV)R is between the other two. The measure 85(ΔV)R considers not only individual speed but also the base speed on upstream element, which avoid the pitfalls of ecological fallacy and overestimation possessed by conventional measures. It is a safer and reasonable measure that should be adopted in practice.     

肾清饮对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用及其可能的机制

目的 探讨肾清饮对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用及可能的机制.方法 40只链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠随机分成模型组、肾清饮组、贝那普利组和肾清饮联合贝那普利组,连续给药8周后观察血糖、肾功能和24h尿蛋白定量的变化,分别检测肾组织及尿中丙二醛(MDA)含量,肾组织中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)的活性,血清转化生长因子(TGF-β_1)水平的变化,光镜观察肾脏病理形态学的改变.结果 各药物组肾功能明显改善,与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),但对血糖无明显改善作用,24h尿蛋白量较模型组显著下降(P<0.05或 P<0.01),联合组下降最为显著(P<0.01);各药物组肾组织及尿MDA含量、肾组织SOD活性和血清TGF-β_1表达与模型组有显著性差异(P<0.05或 P<0.01),联合组与其他药物组比较差异显著(P<0.05).光镜观察各药物组肾脏病理改变均有不同程度改善,各组间无明显差异.结论 肾清饮对糖尿病大鼠肾脏有保护作用,与贝那普利联用有协同作用.其作用机制可能与抑制氧化应激和增强机体抗氧化能力,降低炎症因子TGF-β_1的表达有关.     

陕西关中人群骨质疏松性骨折与细胞色素P450芳香化酶编码基因的关联分析

目的 探讨骨质疏松性髋部骨折(osteoporotic hip fracture, OHF)与细胞色素P450芳香化酶编码基因(cytochrome P450c19, CYP19)多态性的关系.方法 采用群体关联分析的方法,对来自陕西关中人群的400例OHF患者和400例正常对照的7个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNP)位点进行了分型实验和单体型的病例-对照研究.结果 共700个个体分型成功,haploview关联分析识别出了3个单体域的单体型,并挑选出7个标签SNP.方差分析的结果表明,位于CYP19基因的SNP位点rs643892和rs3781590以及单体域3区多态性与髋部骨折之间存在相关性.结论 细胞色素P450芳香化酶编码基因和我们所研究的陕西关中汉族群体的骨质疏松性骨折(osteoporotic fracture, OF)发病率关联.细胞色素P450芳香化酶编码基因可能对中国陕西关中汉族人群OHF的发病率有影响.     

1,25-(OH)2D3及复方丹参对大鼠异基因骨髓移植后造血重建及T细胞亚群的影响

目的 观察1,25-(OH)2D3及丹参对异基因骨髓移植(Allo-BMT)后造血重建和T细胞亚群的影响.方法 受鼠随机分成4组:A组(急性移植物抗宿主病,即aGVHD组),B组(1,25-(OH)2D3组),C组(丹参组),D组(两药联合组).观察大鼠生存期、外周血象、aGVHD的临床表现及T细胞亚群.结果各药物干预组与aGVHD组相比,其aGVHD的发病时间延迟、aGVHD评分降低、平均生存时间明显延长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);各药物干预组外周血象恢复较快,在各不同时间点的变化均高于aGVHD组,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05);经干预方案处理后,CD4+、CD8+的数值明显较aGVHD降低,以CD4+细胞下降明显,而aGVHD时二者均明显增加,CD4+/CD8+的比值增大,结论 1,25-(OH)2D3及复方丹参在异基因骨髓移植后对减轻aGVHD、促进造血重建及发挥免疫耐受有积极的作用.     

微小RNA及其心血管病理生理学作用

微小RNA是近年发现的内源性非编码RNA小分子,主要在转录后水平调控基因表达,参与包括发育、肿瘤生成、病毒性疾病、免疫性疾病在内的多种生理及病理生理过程.微小RNA在心血管系统中也具有广泛的生物学作用.本文将就微小RNA在心血管病理生理中的作用作简要介绍.     

Association between the -1562 C/T polymorphism in the MMP-9 promoter and phenotype of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in northern Chinese population

Objective To conduct a case-control study on the association of the nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene with phenotype of esophageal cancer. Methods All subjects were unrelated residents in northern regions of China. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used to determine the MMP-9 genotypes. Results The overall distribution of genotypes in the patients was not different from that in the controls (OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.45-1.34; P=0.36). There were no significant differences between the patients and the control subjects in terms of the distributions of sex and age, smoking status, alcohol dependence, pickled diet status, or history of environmental exposure. The patients were further examined with stratifications by age, sex, grade, depth of tumor invasion, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion and TNM staging. The results showed no pronounced association among the stratifications. Conclusion There is no significant association between the MMP-9 single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes and phenotype of esophageal cancer.     

Effects of erigeron breviscapus （Vant.） Hand-Mazz pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level following spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effects of erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz (erigeron breviscapus) pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level in the spinal cord after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods A total of 40 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group with 10 rabbits treated with only abdominal aorta exposure without occlusion, control group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with matched saline, and experimental group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with erigeron breviscapus (9mg/kg) injection before ischemia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the spinal cord were examined at 6 and 24 hours after I/R, respectively. The morphological changes and the number of the spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons were observed and counted under the light microscope and electron microscope, respectively. Results The level of MDA was markedly decreased and SOD activity was increased in the experimental group compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the number of motor neurons in the experimental group significantly increased at 24h after I/R (P<0.01) and the morphous of the motor neurons improved. Conclusion Erigeron breviscapus can reduce oxyradical production and the apoptosis of nerve cells, and protect nerve tissue structure and function after spinal cord I/R.     

Correlation of expression of ER, PR and c-erbB-2 with ultrasonographic features in invasive ductal cancer of breast

Objective To analyze the relationship of the expression level of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2, c-erbB-2) of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with ultrasonographic characteristics. Methods Totally 104 patients with IDCs confirmed pathologically were involved in this study. ER, PR and c-erbB-2 expression in the IDC specimens was determined by immunohistochemical staining technique. The correlation between the ultrasonographic features and the positive expression of ER, PR or c-erbB-2 was analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of ER and PR in the group with tumor spiculation sign and posterior acoustic attenuation was higher than that in the group without. The positive expression rate of ER differed significantly (P<0.05) while that of PR did not (P>0.05). The over-expression rate of c-erbB-2 in the group of microcalcification, sufficient blood flow and axillary lymph node metastasis was higher than that in the group of non-microcalcification, deficient blood flow or without axillary lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of ER, PR and c-erbB-2 was not related to the size of tumor (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ER and c-erbB-2 is closely related to the ultrasonographic characteristics of IDC, which may, to some extent, reflect the expression level of ER and c-erbB-2.