边框架逆作法在宁波轨道交通1号线基坑工程中的运用

宁波市轨道交通1号线一期工程鼓楼站至东门口站的基坑工程,结合地下商业开发,采用地下三层全明挖施工,是宁波轨道交通开挖体量最大基坑工程。由于基坑位于市中心商业核心区,为保护周围环境安全,采用下二层板边框架逆作方案,利用局部逆作楼板代替混凝土支撑,提高了基坑的整体支撑刚度和水平变形控制。分析了逆作楼板的设计方案,板下土模加固措施的效果。通过对计算及监测数据的对比分析,讨论了该方法的施工注意事项,以及该方法实际使用的优缺点。     

二维泥沙数学模型在洪奇沥航道整治工程中的应用

采用环境流体动力学数学模型考虑边界条件建立二维泥沙数学模型,用实测资料对模型的含沙量以及河床变形进行验证。利用数学模型计算分析洪奇沥水道航道整治工程后工程区的冲淤变化。结合半理论半经验的方法估算航槽的回淤,作为对泥沙数学模型的补充,并对比分析数模结果与估算结果。     

空中爆炸下舰船桅杆结构变形及破裂的数值模拟

对某舰的桅杆结构及相关甲板，用Lagrange单元进行模拟，桅杆周围、内部的空气用Euler单元进行模拟，Lagrange单元和Euler单元耦合界面采用一般耦合方法。运用动力有限元软件MSC／DYTRAN中的多欧拉-拉格朗日耦合方法，欧拉方程求解时使用具有二阶精度的Roe求解器，用MSC／PATRAN进行前后处理，模拟出了桅杆结构在空中爆炸作用下的变形及破裂。在破口处，冲击波传入桅杆内部，使内部空气压力发生变化。数值分析表明，应变率对结构非线性变形影响较大，计算中应当予以考虑。     

沥青稳定基层混合料抗变形能力试验研究

在分析含沥青稳定基层结构的全厚式沥青路面温度特性基础上，得出沥青基层混合料性能试验的合理温度，结合蠕变试验，分析了温度和级配对沥青基层混合料抗永久变形能力的影响，结果表明骨架密实级配比连续级配抗永久变形能力强。     

Analysis of deformation of rotor and influence on the performance of gyro based on B-spline wavelet FEM

Some construct characteristics and composing material of the new Gyro＇ s rotor are introduced. Some factors resulting in deformation of the rotor surface are analyzed. Under different loads such as the fo,＇ce of deflecting center, the change of temperature, the fo,ce of pressure and couple factors, the deformation of rotor is analyzed with the wavelet finite element simulation software. The vector distributing map of rotor reformation is given. The deformation resulting from the pressure force of photon is studied. Finally, the influence on Gyro＇ s performance because of anomalous surface of rotor due to deformation of rotor is researched and the result is useful to forecast the performance of the drift of gyroscope. The disturbing moment resulting from the deformation of rotor can be compensated using the mathematic method, and provides an important reference for both design and optimization of the rotor.     

砂砾地层电力顶管施工引起的地面变形研究

文章针对砂砾地层电力顶管施工引起的地面变形开展研究。首先,基于现有散粒土的沉降理论计算公式,进行某砂砾地层电力隧道顶管施工引起地面变形的理论计算和分析;其次,通过理论分析和现场实测,得到砂砾地层顶管施工引起的地面变形规律;最后,在现有理论计算公式和监测数据的基础上,利用规划求解,提出适用于砂砾地层顶管施工引起地面变形的沉降槽宽度系数计算公式。研究结果表明,土体损失是引起地面沉降的主要影响因素,沉降计算时必须考虑土体损失在顶进过程中的动态变化;修正沉降槽宽度系数计算公式能够较好地适用于砂砾地层中顶管施工引起的地面沉降计算。     

Metro commuters’ satisfaction in multi-type access and egress transferring groups

This paper considers both the access and egress stages as an entire process to analyze the satisfaction levels of commuters with metro commuter journeys. Based on a survey in Nanjing, China, seven intermodal travel groups are employed as targets for this analysis. The groups include Walk–Metro–Walk, Walk–Metro–Bus, Bike–Metro–Walk, Bike–Metro–Bus, Bus–Metro–Walk, Bus–Metro–Bus and Car–Metro–Walk, which are named according to the modes of transportation that are employed for access and egress trips. Binary logit models are developed for each group to identify the main factors of satisfaction level. The results show that access and egress stages serve important but different roles in the seven groups. Facility service qualities in two stages are the primary factors that affect overall satisfaction. The groups with same access or egress modes have significantly different core factors. Access by bike and bike–metro–transit users are concerned with bike parking safety, whereas bike–metro–walk users value parking spaces near metro stations. With two transfers between bus and metro, transit–metro–transit users indicate that the weak point in the access stage is the crowded spaces on buses. However, transit–metro–walk users value bus on-time performance, which is also valued by groups with metro–bus egress transfers. For egress by walking, commuters that use motorized modes for access are concerned with the egress walking environment, whereas users of non-motorized access modes are more concerned with egress walking spaces. The findings of this study are helpful for policy developments than can improve public satisfaction with commutes by urban metro.     

大体积混凝土裂缝成因及防治措施

控制和预防大体积混凝土裂缝是一项系统工程,涉及到设计、原材料的选择、施工工艺、养护和其他一些不确定的因素。对大体积混凝土裂缝成因进行系统的理论研究,提出合理的裂缝控制措施,可为工程实践提供指导。     

永临结合的初期支护侵限处理方法

文章结合RAS RMEL隧道工程实例,介绍了国外铁路隧道软弱围岩大变形段初期支护的侵限处理方法.该施工方法是通过加强监控量测,及时发现支护结构变形量的增大情况,并立即进行支护的加强,如复喷混凝土、施作系统锚杆及锁脚锚杆等.当发生塑性变形的区域较大时,先采取在拱部安装临时钢管横撑,并及时施作仰拱封闭的处理措施,控制支护变形；后对待处理区进行加固,并根据设计图纸的要求跳槽开挖梯形槽,施作初期支护,然后再施作防水层；最后,用模板台车施作二次衬砌.实践证明,该永临结合的处理措施较一般处理措施具有施工简单、安全、节约成本等特点,尤其适用于地质条件较差和工期较紧的工程项目.     

地铁安全监测中基于三维激光扫描技术的隧道形变分析方法

基于三维激光扫描技术所获地铁形变监测数据的海量点云特性,提出隧道形变分析新方法。详细阐述了建立参考系、点云分割、格网化、差值计算、形变分析等步骤,并以正在监测的地铁隧道为例进行试验分析。试验分析结果发现:隧道形变分析新方法能确定隧道形变位置和形变大小,并将结果直观显示出来,能有效地衡量隧道形变。