基于光缆传输的信号系统拓展探讨

在总结国内铁路信号系统设计的基础上,结合国外部分项目的实施情况,提出光缆替代部分电缆,搭建基于光缆传输的信号系统结构,并讨论目前国内信号系统结构拓展的可能性。     

高速布置型船舶的风帆设计及综合效能分析

针对国内研究较少的高速布置型船舶的风帆助航问题,基于船舶特点及风帆升阻力特性选定了帆型,设计了一套风帆加装方案。在结合历史气象统计数据的基础上,对风帆长期综合效能进行了分析。以一艘大连-烟台航线上高速客滚船为例,结合实船统计得到的此航线上的历史风场资源时空分布,对该船加帆后长期综合效能进行了计算,结果表明,所设计的风帆可较为显著地降低耗能并减少温室气体排放,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

乳化沥青冷再生硫磺沥青混合料的路用可行性研究

为了分析乳化沥青冷再生硫磺沥青混合料在路面中应用的可行性,采用旧路面回收的硫磺沥青混合料和普通沥青混合料两材料进行冷再生混合料配合比设计,采用冻融劈裂试验、车辙试验、剪切试验、低温弯曲试验以及单轴压缩试验分别检测冷再生混合料的水稳定性、高温稳定性、抗剪切性能、低温抗裂性能以及抗压回弹模量,并对使用硫磺沥青混合料RAP和...     

European advanced driver training programs: Reasons for optimism

Post license advanced driver training programs in the US and early programs in Europe have often failed to accomplish their stated objectives because, it is suspected, that drivers gain self perceived driving skills that exceed their true skills—leading to increased post training crashes. The consensus from the evaluation of countless advanced driver training programs is that these programs are a detriment to safety, especially for novice, young, male drivers.Some European countries including Sweden, Finland, Austria, Luxembourg, and Norway, have continued to refine these programs, with an entirely new training philosophy emerging around 1990. These ‘post-renewal’ programs have shown considerable promise, despite various data quality and availability concerns. These programs share in common a focus on teaching drivers about self assessment and anticipation of risk, as opposed to teaching drivers how to master driving at the limits of tire adhesion. The programs focus on factors such as self actualization and driving discipline, rather than low level mastery of skills. Drivers are meant to depart these renewed programs with a more realistic assessment of their driving abilities. These renewed programs require considerable specialized and costly infrastructure including dedicated driver training facilities with driving modules engineered specifically for advanced driver training and highly structured curriculums. They are conspicuously missing from both the US road safety toolbox and academic literature. Given the considerable road safety concerns associated with US novice male drivers in particular, these programs warrant further attention.This paper reviews the predominant features and empirical evidence surrounding post licensing advanced driver training programs focused on novice drivers. A clear articulation of differences between the renewed and current US advanced driver training programs is provided. While the individual quantitative evaluations range from marginally to significantly effective in reducing novice driver crash risk, they have been criticized for evaluation deficiencies ranging from small sample sizes to confounding variables to lack of exposure metrics. Collectively, however, the programs sited in the paper suggest at least a marginally positive effect that needs to be validated with further studies. If additional well controlled studies can validate these programs, a pilot program in the US should be considered.     

CA4GD1型高性能低排放汽油机的开发

进行了CA4GD1型发动机进气系统、燃烧系统、燃油喷射系统、点火系统和电控系统等的设计。在优化进气道形状的基础上,对不同进气管长度和不同压缩比对发动机性能的影响进行了研究。试验结果表明,CA4GD1汽油机升功率为54 kW/L,升转矩为92.6 N.m/L;经济油耗区域出现在中低速、中高负荷区域,且等油耗曲线在横向拉伸较长,可满足发动机负荷变化不大而转速变化较大的需求;排放满足国IV标准,并具有良好的可靠性。     

连拱隧道先行洞室支护体系施工力学性态研究

结合连拱隧道工程实践,对隧道施工中先行洞室支护体系应力进行相关监测,分析不同开挖工序下应力变化规律。研究结果表明:先行洞室上台阶及仰拱开挖引起了支护应力较大变化及重分布,为支护稳定的控制点;隧道开挖对支护应力的纵向影响距离大致为隧道跨度的2倍,约为20～25 m;开挖效应消失后,左右拱圈45°处应力的时间效应较其它位置要明显;封闭支护结构是改善结构受力的有效途径,应及时施作仰拱和形成封闭环。该研究结论可为类似条件下连拱隧道设计施工和现场监测提供借鉴与参考。     

废旧低密度聚乙烯改性沥青及其混合料性能研究

文章针对WLDPE抗离析性能差的特点,提出了采用裂化法加工WLDPE作为改性剂制作改性沥青的新方法。通过室内试验,研究了WLDPE与裂化废旧低密度聚乙烯（CWLDPE）改性沥青结合料的马歇尔性能指标、高温稳定性与水稳定性。试验结果表明,CWLDPE改性沥青储存稳定性良好,具有较好改善抗车辙性能的特点,且在高温环境下有着良好的路用性能,可以作为气候炎热地区沥青路面设计的选择方案。     

基于可拓方法的沥青路面使用性能评价

沥青路面使用性能评价是路面养护的重要组成部分,一直以来多采用单一综合评价指标进行评价。文章以湖南某高速公路实测数据为依据,将可拓方法用于路面使用性能评价当中,通过选择合理的评价指标,确定各评价指标的关联度,从而精确评价路面使用性能,为沥青路面养护提供参考。     

透水模板布在陈家贡湾特大桥中的应用

文章基于陈家贡湾特大桥透水模板布的具体应用情况,介绍了透水模板布的工作原理和主要功能,阐述了透水模板布的施工工艺及操作要点,并对其使用效果进行了探讨。     

南宁市白沙大桥北岸节点改造及其效果评价

文章以南宁市白沙大桥北岸节点改造设计为例,探讨城市道路平面交叉口改造设计的思路,同时从整体交通路网着眼,介绍采用交通仿真对改造效果进行评价的方法。