Distribution of phytoplankton in the southern Black Sea in summer 1996, spring and autumn 1998

The species composition, abundance, and biomass of micro- (>15 μm) and nano- (<15 μm) phytoplankton were studied along the southern Black Sea during June–July 1996 and March–April and September 1998. A total of 150 species were identified, 50% of them being dinoflagellates. The average total phytoplankton abundance changed from 77×10³ cells l⁻¹ in spring to 110×10³ cells l⁻¹ in autumn and biomass from 250 μg l⁻¹ in summer to 1370 μg l⁻¹ in spring. Based on the extensive sampling grid from June–July 1996, phytoplankton seemed to have a rather homogeneous biomass distribution in the southern Black Sea. In all periods, the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi was the most abundant species, its contribution to the total abundance ranging from 73% in autumn to 43% in spring. However, in terms of biomass, diatoms made up the bulk of phytoplankton in spring (97%, majority being Proboscia alata) and autumn (73%, majority being Pseudosolenia calcar-avis), and dinoflagellates in summer (74%, Gymnodinium sp.). There was a remarkable similarity in the dominant species between the western and eastern regions of the southern Black Sea, indicating transport of phytoplankton within the basin.     

MARINIMAP120拌和楼生产率因素分析

我国在用的沥青混凝土拌和楼中,意大利MARINI公司MAP120拌和楼的结构及工艺流程有其独到的特点。根据工程应用实际对影响拌和楼生产率的因素进行分析并提出处理方法,从而使该设备能充分发挥独特的工艺特性,有其非常现实的意义。     

一类汽车维修企业产能瓶颈的突破探析

由于对中国汽车市场估计不足,大多数一类汽车维修企业在发展过程中总是受到产能瓶颈的限制。首先通过人力资源结构调整、管理水准提升、技术水准提升等手段实现假象性产能的提升,然后再通过技术性、设备性等手段实现第二阶段的产能提升,可以彻底解决现有汽车维修企业的产能瓶颈问题。     

广西防城港岩石性能对疏浚生产率影响分析

以防城港20万t航道疏浚工程为例,从重型绞吸船"天鲸号"开挖岩石难易程度的角度,分析了影响疏浚生产率的关键因素;并对疏浚区域的泥质粉砂岩单轴饱和抗压强度、岩石质量等反映岩体特性的指标进行统计分析,利用经验公式估算岩体的完整性指数。针对疏浚岩石工程特性,创新性地引进了反映岩体整体特性指标——疏浚岩体基本质量指标修正值[BQ]TH,基于最小二乘法建立了[BQ]TH疏浚生产率的经验公式,并利用拟合的经验公式和BP(Back-Propagation Network)神经网络对疏浚生产率进行了预测,得到了良好的效果。     

Productivity change in Nigerian seaports after reform: a Malmquist productivity index decomposition approach

ABSTRACT

During the 1990s, Nigerian seaports were considered inefficient, unsafe due to massive cargo theft (wharf rat phenomenon) and one of the most expensive port systems in the world. This resulted in long turnaround times for ships and increased container dwell times. As a result, port operations were transferred to the private sector through concession contracts. This paper employs a Malmquist productivity index (MPI) technique to benchmark pre-and post-reform total factor productivity growth of the six major Nigeria seaports (Apapa, Calabar, Onne, Port Harcourt, TinCan Island and Warri) for the period 2000–2011 which represents six years before (2000–2005) and six years after (2006–2011) the reform. The results indicate progress in technical efficiency of the ports after reform but deterioration in technological progress. Overall productivity growth was higher in the pre-concession period compared to the post-concession period. The source of pre-concession period productivity growth was technological progress while the change in productivity of the post-concession period is generated by an increase in scale efficiency. This suggests that concessionaires have not brought in the much anticipated investment in modern technology to drive port efficiency. The ports of Calabar and Apapa experienced the highest productivity growth while lowest result was Onne.     

技术效率、技术进步与铁路行业生产率增长分析

铁路作为现代交通综合运输体系中的重要组成部分,在国民经济发展中扮演了不可或缺的角色.利用“十一五”期间18个路局的数据,采用DEA-malmqusit方法测定了该期间铁路行业的生产率,并分析了技术效率、技术进步对生产率增长的影响.研究表明:“十一五”期间,我国铁路行业实现了9.1%的全要素生产率增长率;技术效率、技术进步实现增长,技术进步对全要素生产率增长率贡献更大.     

辽宁农业劳动生产率变动及影响因素分析

按照时间序列分析辽宁农业劳动生产率的变动趋势,运用人均耕地面积、灌溉率、劳均化肥施用量、结构调整系数、机电提灌面积占有效灌溉面积比重等指标构建影响农业劳动生产率的模型,结果表明农业产业结构调整、劳均化肥施用量、灌溉率对劳动生产率的影响非常显著.因此,应该加快农业产业结构调整、推进科学技术在农业生产中的应用、加强农业基础设施建设、提高公共服务水平.     

Relationship between phytoplankton bloom and wind stress in the sub-polar frontal area of the Japan/East Sea

The seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton blooms in the central Japan/East Sea (JES) show pronounced year-to-year variability based on Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS; 19972003) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra (20002003) observations. Wind seems to strongly influence this variability. To study the relationship between wind and bloom initiation, we analyzed daily, remotely sensed wind stress data (Active Microwave Instrument–wind [AMI–wind], NASA Scatterometer [NSCAT], and Quick Scatterometer [QuickSCAT]: 19972003) and daily chlorophyll concentrations based on ocean color data (SeaWiFS and MODIS). The results agreed well with the hypotheses; in spring, blooms began 615 days after wind stress weakened. Fall blooms started 39 days after wind strengthened. We also simulated seasonal changes using a simple light–nutrient model using two values for the respiration ratio: 10% and 20%. The use of 20% seemed to reproduce the timing of the spring bloom quite well but underestimated the absolute level of chlorophyll concentration. On the other hand, using 10% produced a better estimation of the chlorophyll concentration but failed to match the timing. Neither of the model runs reproduced the timing of the fall bloom well.     

提高路用改性沥青成套设备生产率的途径

提高设备利用率、降低设备购置和生产成本,是改性沥青制作的成套设备及相关工程领域力求达到的目标之一。以高浓度剪切、低浓度稀释工艺方法在这方面做了有益的探讨并在工程实践中进行了成功的应用。     

考虑碳排放的港口全要素生产率及影响因素分析

基于我国沿海19个港口2009-2018年面板数据,结合DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)方法和方向距离函数,同时考虑非期望产出构建港口全要素生产率模型,并采用面板数据模型厘清影响港口全要素生产率的内外因素.模型运行结果表明:中国主要沿海港口的全要素生产率都有不同程度的提高,且货物吞吐量大的港...