TOA FOR RESECTION OF BULBAR CERVICAL VENTRAL COMPRESSION LESION

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Effects of wind strength and wave height on ship incident risk: Regional trends and seasonality

Oceanographic conditions like wind strength and wave height affect the risk of shipping incidents. Seasonal variations and trends in these effects are studied for weather-related incidents and pollution incidents, for six major ship types and for six regions across the globe. The employed database of more than five million observations combines information from various sources on oceanographic conditions, ship particulars, and incidents. The magnitude of wind and wave effects is found to vary by ship type, region, season, and period, and most of these effects are larger during the autumn and winter season and in recent periods.     

The use of operational modal analysis and mode tracking for insight into polar vessel operations

Accurate dynamic models of flexible ship structures are required to predict structural vibration caused by environmental loads. Knowledge of dynamic or modal properties are important, for example, to study fatigue damage. In this paper, operational modal analysis (OMA) is used to identify the vibration characteristics of a polar vessel from full-scale acceleration measurements. Five modes are tracked over a range of different operating and environmental conditions, including calm, open water, two ice cases and an open water storm. Compared to the calm, open water conditions, vertical bending modes were generally affected the most by the operating environment, with natural frequency and damping increasing up to 3.7 and 349 %, respectively, in ice. Severity of two-node and three-node vertical bending responses, quantified using a root-mean-square value, were found to be especially large during the open water storm case. Temporal behaviour of two-node and three-node vertical bending due to wave-slamming further contained multiple whipping responses, pointing towards possible cumulative damage over a large number of stress cycles occurring at the midship. Higher damping in ice resulted in responses with lower magnitudes and shorter durations.     

漓江旅游客船防抗雷雨大风的稳性分析

文章针对漓江旅游客船易受雷雨大风袭击的事故特点,分析了雷雨大风的形成原因,探讨了航向、风向、流向对航行安全的影响,建立了漓江旅游客船防抗雷雨大风的稳性衡准式,并提出了客船防抗雷雨大风的注意事项。     

电解法处理船舶压载水的可行性研究

通过实验室模拟的一套电解装置处理系统,对电解海水法能否处理船舶压载水,以及电解海水法处理船舶压载水造成二次污染的一些争议进行了实验验证。探索了电解法处理船舶压载水的有效性和在船舶上实施的可行性。     

国际渔业管理中的生态标签制度

响应可持续性环境发展的号召,渔业生态标签制度应运而生。发展中国家最大的疑虑是担心形成潜在的贸易壁垒。世界粮农组织于2005年达成《海洋捕捞渔业鱼和渔产品生态际签国际准则》,希望给所有已经或者计划实行生态标签制度的国家以最大的信心和帮助。     

Research on Energy Efficiency Design Index for Sea-going LNG Carriers

This paper describes the characteristics of liquefied natural gas （LNG） carriers briefly. The LNG carrier includes power plant selection, vapor treatment, liquid cargo tank type, etc. Two parameters fuel substitution rate and recovery of boil of gas （BOG） volume to energy efficiency design index （EEDI） formula are added, and EEDI formula of LNG carriers is established based on ship EEDI formula. Then, based on steam turbine propulsion device of LNG carriers, mathematical models of LNG carriers＇ reference line value are established in this paper. By verification, the EEDI formula of LNG carriers described in this paper can provide a reference for LNG carrier EEDI calculation and green shipbuilding.     

册镇海底管线沿线海床冲刷原因及冲刷趋势研究

海床冲刷可能导致海底输油管线裸露悬空,影响其运营安全。文章针对册镇海底输油管线沿线海床的冲刷现象,利用杭州湾大范围海域潮流数学模型和海床冲淤计算方法,分析了造成海床冲刷的原因,预测了冲刷的发展趋势。研究结果表明:册镇海底输油管线沿线海床冲刷主要与新泓口围垦的局部挑流及金塘大桥的阻水作用有关。随着规划围垦工程的实施,沿线部分海床还将进一步冲刷。     

How much can public private partnership really do for urban transport in developing countries?

A few cities in some of the larger developing countries in Latin America and Asia have made increasing use of multi-year concessions or franchises, competitively awarded to private companies, for construction and operation of urban transport infrastructure and for provision of public transport services. In view of the strong prospective growth of developing-country cities with large transport needs, and the rise in the emerging economies of potential new sources of private capital, it is important to see how effective PPP has so far been in this area. The experience is analyzed principally by thorough comparative review of what has actually happened for some of the main users to date: Bogotá, Santiago, São Paulo, Seoul, and several cities in both China and India. Despite delays and mistakes that have been made in development of most of the projects, the overall results, already delivered and in prospect, are very positive and urban public transport is benefiting substantially, with significant side effects on poorer people's access to work and to services, air pollution levels and road accident rates. The widest and most important advantage of the PPP arrangements, as compared with more conventional short-term contracting, is found to be the innovations, technical and managerial, developed, and, in particular, the mutual capacity building of the countries' private and public sectors and their more effective interaction. The experience in the six countries covered suggests that other developing-country cities may be best assisted to develop sound urban transport PPPs more rapidly through provision of help on chosen items among 7 elements that have proved particularly crucial but sometimes weak in the projects reviewed: Civic consultation systems, Land-use/Transport strategic planning, Land/property market management, Monitoring systems, Progressive policies, Economic regulation, and Public institutional framework for PPPs.     

长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道一期工程白茆沙水道工程局部冲刷试验研究——Ⅰ：模型设计

长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道一期工程白茆沙水道工程局部冲刷研究工作表明:1)采用局部正态模型研究潮汐河口工程局部冲刷问题是可行的;2)试验水力条件的选择、模型边界的确定以及模型的整体变坡等是将局部正态模型应用于潮汐河口工程局部冲刷问题研究需解决的关键技术问题;3)白茆沙水道工程局部正态模型较好地复演了目标试验水力条件,具备开展进一步试验的条件;4)提出了简便易行且效果良好的模型边界确定方法。