大连港吞吐量适度发展水平预测模型

本研究采用工程模糊集的理论方法,对大连港的能源消耗、环境污染代价及其对大连市经济建设的贡献进行综合评价,以港口吞吐量发展水平与城市环境可承载能力相适应为前提,建立港口吞吐量适度发展水平预测模型。本研究可为大连港的适度发展提供理论依据,并具有推广应用价值。     

洋山深水港进港航道人工开挖段回淤特征

为保障洋山深水港的正常运营,近年来进港航道每年都会开展维护性疏浚。基于2017—2019年期间的水深资料,统计分析了航道人工开挖段的浅区分布与回淤特征。结果表明:在常风天航道回淤呈现"春夏冲淤基本平衡且局部冲刷,秋冬淤积为主"的季节变化规律;台风天航道回淤较为明显,淤积程度主要与台风风力和移动路径有关。结合水文资料初步探讨了航道回淤原因,为洋山进港航道今后的疏浚施工安排提供技术支撑。     

长江江阴水道航道水深条件利用研究

针对长江江阴水道航道水深条件充分利用的问题,进行技术可行性及利用方案研究。通过采取平面二维水沙数学模型计算、航道条件核查、潮位累积频率分析等技术手段研究,得出结论：近10年江阴水道航道水深均不小于13.60 m,并且具备一定的可利用潮位,完全具备将吃水提高到12.0 m的技术条件。在此基础上,通过分析研究长江干线已实施的利用航道水深的实例,提出江阴水道航道水深条件利用的2种思路,为深水航道维护管理提供了科学可靠的新方法,推动了航道维护管理创新。     

通州湾港区高滩围堤设计关键技术

通州湾港区位于南通市腰沙、冷家沙区域,地处辐射沙洲南缘,低潮时滩面出露,潮差大.通州湾港区规划方案体量巨大,需通过大面积围填高滩形成港区陆域,围堤建设是陆域形成的前提条件.通过研究波浪、潮流、地质等基础资料,结合模型试验和工程实践,从堤顶高程、堤心材料、抗滑防渗防冲刷分析、施工要点等多方面进行研究、总结大潮差粉砂底质环境下高滩围堤设计的关键技术,为后续工程提供参考、积累经验.     

无填料振冲法在吹填砂地基处理中的应用

依托在建的以色列阿什杜德港项目,针对采用无填料振冲法进行吹填砂地基处理时出现的振冲点位局部欠密实的问题,对其成因进行取样分析研究,并参考吹填粉细砂条件下的无填料振冲施工经验,通过对现场实施的工艺设备进行优化与改进,保证振冲点位的整体密实,提升施工质量,同时建议采用激光粒度分析仪替代人工筛分法提高粒径分布检测数据的准确性,可供类似条件下的无填料振冲施工借鉴参考。     

The nexus between port governance and performance

The diversity of port governance models in the world, sometimes even within the same country, has aroused the interest of researchers. This study is based on contingency theory to support the port governance model. The purpose is to understand the port governance model and the relation with port performance. There are three objectives: to analyze the port governance mechanisms; to analyze the port performance factors; and to understand the influence of the governance model mechanisms on port performance. A factorial analysis was used to determine the main components, and the methodology of the structural equation model was used to analyze a survey sample of 105 valid responses from specialists and managers of port user’s companies that operate in the main Portuguese ports. This study demonstrates that port governance model influences directly the port performance. The main contribution of this paper to the literature is providing a set of factors that public managers may decide when changing the characteristics of the port governance models to ensure their performance. It was also observed the approximation of the port expert vision of port governance with models described in literature.     

Port competition with accessibility and congestion: a theoretical framework and literature review on empirical studies

This review interprets recent studies of the interactions between the competition of gateway seaports and the accessibility of landside transportation links to inland regions. Port competition is treated as part of a rivalry between two transportation chains. This article identifies the main modeling approaches and defines the different types of hinterland access systems described in the literature. A general theoretical framework is then proposed to incorporate those key components. The importance of the proposed framework is revealed by comparing and extending results from the literature. Major assumptions that need further empirical verification are identified and discussed, and related empirical studies are reviewed. Finally, avenues for further research are discussed.     

Internalization of port congestion: strategic effect behind shipping line delays and implications for terminal charges and investment

This paper develops a theoretical model to analyze the congestion internalization of the shipping lines, taking into account the ‘knock on’ effect (i.e. the congestion delay passed on from one port-of-call to the next port-of-call). We find that with the presence of the knock-on effect, liners will operate less in terminals, and an increase of a liner’s operation in one terminal will decrease its operation in the other. If the liners are involved in a Stackelberg competition, whether they operate more or less in a terminal under the knock-on effect depends on the comparison between the marginal congestion costs of terminals. Furthermore, we find that the coordinated profit-maximizing terminal charges are higher than both the socially optimal terminal charges and the independent profit-maximizing terminal charges. When the knock-on effect is small, the independent profit-maximizing terminal charges are set at higher levels than the socially optimal terminal charges; but when the knock-on effect is sufficiently large, this relationship may reverse. Besides, the capacity investment rules are the same for welfare-maximizing terminal operator and coordinated profit-maximizing terminal operator, while independent profit-maximizing terminal operators invest less in capacity. The larger the knock-on effect, the larger this discrepancy.     

Can we really measure the impact of port governance reform?

Approaches by governments to reforming the way in which ports are governed are critical to how ports operate and fulfil their roles, and much research is devoted to investigating the impact of such reform. Yet, although the challenges of such research are noted, little attention is devoted to questioning whether measuring such impact is actually possible. We argue consideration of this question is fundamentally important for policy makers and researchers. Specifically, if uncertainty exists regarding whether we have measured the impact of the reform, how can we research its effect or justify its introduction? Conversely, a more conscious consideration of whether we can really measure the impact of port governance reform arguably means a more effective contextualization and rationalization of both policy and research. In this polemical paper, we critically consider three salient areas in relation to whether we can really measure the impact of port governance reform: ‘key terms and their ambiguity’, ‘aspects of time and geography’ and ‘issues of methods and context’. We summarize the key issues and offer suggestions for policy makers and researchers to approach them in an aim to both help measure the impact of port governance reform and also aid future policy development.     

Norwegian port connectivity and its policy implications

The importance of a seaport depends on how well it is connected in a transportation network. A port’s connectivity is therefore one of the key issues in determining its competitiveness and developments in regions and countries. We construct a port connectivity index for major Norwegian ports based on a unique dataset derived from the automated identification system (AIS) for multiple vessel types over a 7-year period. Port connectivity is evaluated empirically by the number of unique vessel visits, vessel sizes, and cargo sizes. The research has implications for port authorities and policy makers in the areas of port planning, infrastructure investment, short sea shipping promotion, and environmental policies. The contributions of this research are twofold. First, the methodology linking the AIS vessel-tracking system with port connectivity is a pioneering empirical application of maritime big data. Second, the port connectivity index is constructed for multiple vessel types and regional port groups, which is an improvement from the current literature where conceptual measures are constructed based on hypothetical and usually too simple optimization rules. The methodology can be easily expanded to other regions in the world.